Bulletin of KSAU最新文献

{"title":"MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL METHODS AS A TOOL IN THE SELECTION OF ANTAGONIST STRAINS FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF PLANT DISEASES","authors":"Sergey Khizhnyak, Polina Abolenceva, Sofya Ovsyankina, Anatoly Halipsky, Angelina Litovchenko, Irina Korotchenko, Olesya Zlotnikova, Ol'ga Romanova","doi":"10.36718/1819-4036-2024-4-36-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2024-4-36-45","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to demonstrate the capabilities of multivariate statistical methods for redu-cing the labor intensity of selecting antagonist strains for biological protection of agricultural plants from diseases using the example of searching for antagonist strains against fungal diseases of rapeseed (Brassica napus). The antibiotic activity of 9 strains of Bacillus spp was studied using the counterculture method and 1 strain of Streptomyces hygroscopicus against 9 strains of Fusarium spp., 2 strains of Alternaria spp. and 2 strains of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which are causative agents of fungal diseases of rapeseed. The width of the growth inhibition zone was used as an indicator. Using discriminant analysis methods, it was established that strains of antagonist bacteria differ statistically significantly (p < 0.001) in the spectrum of antibiotic activity against phytopathogenic fungi, and strains of phytopathogenic fungi, in turn, differ statistically significantly (p < 0.001) in the spectrum of sensitivity to bacterial strains -antagonists. A matrix of correlations was constructed between the sensitivity of different strains of phytopathogenic fungi to a set of antagonist strains. Factor analysis of this correlation matrix showed that the variation in the set of studied strains of phytopathogenic fungi in sensitivity to a set of antagonist strains is 80.3 % explained by the action of two factors with eigenvalues above 1. Based on the factor loadings, it was concluded that factor 1 represents antibiotic substances active against Fusarium spp., and factor 2 represents antibiotic substances active against Alternaria spp. and S. sclerotiorum. This made it possible to reduce the number of test cultures for the search for future antagonists to 2 strains of phytopathogenic fungi, which have maximum factor loadings for factor 1 and factor 2, respectively. This also made it possible to optimize the combination of antagonist strains for the creation of future biological products, combining strains with the maximum value of factor 1 with strains with a maximum factor value of 2.","PeriodicalId":283993,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of KSAU","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141677126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THE ENZYMES EFFECTIVENESS USED IN STARCH SYRUP PRODUCTION","authors":"Dar'ya Koval', Anna Maslennikova, Ekaterina Saharova, Elena Vlasova","doi":"10.36718/1819-4036-2024-4-167-174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2024-4-167-174","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of research is to study the influence of amylolytic enzymes on organoleptic, physicoche-mical, microbiological and toxicological indicators of the quality of caramel syrup. Objectives: to produce caramel syrup from corn and wheat starch using enzymes: α-amylase and glucoamylase; to determine organoleptic, physicochemical, microbiological and toxicological indicators of the quality of the resulting syrup; to identify the most effective enzyme to produce high-quality syrup. The objects of the study are the commercial enzymes α-amylase Lphera and glucoamylase Dextrozyme-1.5. It was established that according to organoleptic (taste, smell, color, transparency) and physico-chemical (mass fraction of dry and reducing substances, total ash; pH; acidity; sulfur dioxide content; caramel sample temperature; specific electrical conductivity) indicators, syrup obtained from corn starch using α-amylase, fully complies with the requirements of the state standard. Caramel syrup produced using both types of enzymes from wheat starch turned out to be cloudy. This is due to the peculiarities of the production of wheat suspension from which syrup is made. The mass fraction of dry and reducing substances in syrup obtained from both types of starch using glucoamylase is lower than normal by 5 and 14 %, respectively. The temperature value of the caramel sample of such syrup is 10 °C higher than the standard one. It has been shown that the safety indicators of syrup produced from corn and wheat starch using these enzymes meet the required stan¬dards. It has been established that the α-amylase enzyme is suitable for the production of high-quality ca¬ramel syrup that meets all the requirements of the state standard.","PeriodicalId":283993,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of KSAU","volume":" 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDY OF VOLATILE COMPONENTS COMPOSITION OF NON-ALCOHOLIC WINES OBTAINED BY VACUUM DISTILLATION METHOD","authors":"Ol'ga Antonenko, Olga Sheludko, Mihail Antonenko, Kristina Reznichenko","doi":"10.36718/1819-4036-2024-4-152-159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2024-4-152-159","url":null,"abstract":"According to Roskachestvo, the range of non-alcoholic wines in stores has doubled over the past 3 years, which is a response to demand from consumers who care about their health. The purpose of research is to study the volatile components and organoleptic characteristics of non-alcoholic wines produced by vacuum distillation of white, rose and red wine materials from the 2022 harvest. The temperature range for vacuum distillation of the original white, rose, and red wine materials was 26–30 °C. The qualitative composition of the volatile components of non-alcoholic wines was similar to the qualitative composition of the original wine materials. The loss of volatile compounds in wines after dealcoholization was 58 % for white wine, 85 and 82 % for rose and red non-alcoholic wines, respectively. A significant decrease in the mass concentration of volatile acids, higher alcohols, esters and acetaldehyde of non-alcoholic wines as a result of dealcoholization was revealed. It was established that all samples of the original wine materials had high sensory characteristics. Non-alcoholic wines had a more saturated color in comparison with the original wine materials, a wine-like aroma with a slight yeasty tint, and a simple taste with excessive freshness. It is noted that in order to obtain non-alcoholic wines with a more balanced taste, it is necessary to conduct further research to develop ways to improve the quality indicators of non-alcoholic wines, as well as regulatory documents regulating the requirements for raw materials, auxiliary materials, finished products and labeling in the production of non-alcoholic wines.","PeriodicalId":283993,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of KSAU","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141677831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TECHNOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF NEW BROCCOLI HYBRIDS AS RAW MATERIALS FOR PRODUCING NEW GENERATION PUREE PRODUCTS WITH INCREASED NUTRITIONAL VALUE","authors":"E. Yanchenko, M. Ivanova, Aleksandr Kornev, Aleksey Yanchenko","doi":"10.36718/1819-4036-2024-4-223-230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2024-4-223-230","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to evaluate new broccoli hybrids as raw materials for the production of new generation puree products with increased nutritional value and a high degree of readiness for consumption, including components of children's, dietary and gerontological nutrition. The object of the study is a puree prepared from 6 new broccoli hybrids (2 domestic and 4 foreign). Studies of raw materials and purees were carried out according to generally accepted methods. Biochemical analyzes were fulfilled before and after the end of the storage period: dry matter was determined according to GOST 28561-90 by drying the sample at a temperature of 105 °C until a constant mass appeared; vitamin C – according to GOST 24556-89 by extracting it with a solution of hydrochloric acid, followed by visual titration; sugars – accor-ding to GOST 8756.13–87, by a method based on the ability of the carbonyl groups of sugars to reduce copper (I) oxide to copper (II) oxide in an alkaline medium; nitrates – according to GOST 29270-95 using the ionometric method. Pigment content was carried out by spectrophotometric method as modified by J. Oliver (2000). To calculate pigment concentrations, the formulas of Wintermans and De Mots were used. Correlation analysis was performed using MS Excel 2007. Organoleptic properties – according to GOST 8756.1-2017. Purees made from domestic broccoli hybrids contained, on average, more vitamin C (by 5.9 mg%), monosaccharides (by 0.19), disaccharides (by 0.02), and total sugars (by 0.21 mg%). At the same time, purees from domestic hybrids contained less nitrates (by 0.6 mg/kg) and dry substances (by 0.1 %). The best in terms of organoleptic indicators were purees made from the hybrids Children's Delicacy (4.6 points), Macho (4.46 points) and Batavia (4.52 points). Hybrids of domestic selection Children's delicacy and Macho, as well as the foreign hybrid Batavia, are promising raw materials for the production of puree products with increased nutritional value and a high degree of readiness for consumption.","PeriodicalId":283993,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of KSAU","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obtaining tomato powder using infrared processing and drying","authors":"S. Bykova, V. Ochirov, Igor Altukhov","doi":"10.36718/1819-4036-2024-1-169-175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2024-1-169-175","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to obtain tomato powder using infrared processing and drying for use in the preparation of flour confectionery products. Objectives: analysis of the content of macro- and microelements in tomato powder obtained at different heating temperatures; determination of vitamin C content in tomato powder during storage. Infrared processing and drying of tomatoes crushed into a figure of eight shape is implemented in an oscillating mode. The content of mineral substances in tomato powder obtained from chopped tomatoes dried at heating temperatures of 50 and 60 °C by grinding in a centrifugal mill was studied. It was established that an increase in the heating temperature of tomatoes during infrared processing and drying from 50 to 60 °C leads to a loss of macro- and microelements from 21.1 to 86.5 %, and a 2-fold decrease in iron and copper. The results of the study showed that infrared-dried tomato powder contains large quantities of elements that are physiologically significant for humans and satisfy the daily requirement of an adult for magnesium, potassium, iron and manganese by 48.85, respectively; 28.84; 22.86 and 27.5 %. The degree of preservation of vitamin C in tomato powder during storage under optimal storage conditions was studied. It was revealed that in hermetically packaged infrared-dried tomato powder during nine months of storage there are no significant changes in organoleptic quality indicators, only a decrease in vitamin C content by 18–19 % from the initial state is observed. This circumstance suggests that removing moisture from tomatoes to moisture content below 12 % to obtain tomato powder makes it possible to preserve hermetically sealed products with a high content of useful substances under normal conditions for a long time.","PeriodicalId":283993,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of KSAU","volume":"81 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140983131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative biochemical composition of garden strawberry fruits of the Asia variety under natural and artificial lighting","authors":"Vyacheslav Zakharov, Valentina Gulidova, Marina Dyatlova, Yulia Mamontova","doi":"10.36718/1819-4036-2024-1-70-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2024-1-70-76","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to establish the effect of artificial ultraviolet lighting on the content of biolo-gically active substances in strawberry fruits using the example of the Asia variety, which is widely used in production. The study was conducted in 2019–2021 in the Lipetsk Region. Transplantation of strawberries under conditions of a growing season was carried out by already rooted adult bushes with a clod of earth. The water-air regime of the soil under artificial lighting conditions was similar to open ground. Under artificial lighting, garden strawberry plants of the Asia variety bloomed 10 days later, had a smaller fruit weight, and had a lower content of organic acids and dry soluble substances than under the sun. Plants accumulated the same amount of water-soluble pectin substances regardless of the nature of the lighting. The content of yellow coloring substances from the vitamin P group – flavonols, as well as binders from the same group – catechins in strawberry fruits did not depend on the nature of the lighting. Strawberry plants under ultraviolet light accumulated the same amount of ascorbic acid as under sunlight. Compared to sunlight under artificial ultraviolet, strawberry fruits contained the least amount of pigments, including carotenoids and β-carotene. A significantly higher level of pectin substances, anthocyanins, tannins and coloring substances, including tannin, in strawberries under sunlight was established in comparison with artificial ultraviolet. Regardless of the nature of lighting, strawberry plants had the same water content and pH of the fruits and accumulated the same amount of ascorbic acid, flavonols, catechins and water-soluble pectin substances.","PeriodicalId":283993,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of KSAU","volume":"85 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140983191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungicidal activity of experimental samples for dry foot bath","authors":"Ramziya Potehina, Evgenia Tarasova, Damir Huzin, Tatyana Shamilova, Polina Bykova","doi":"10.36718/1819-4036-2024-1-101-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2024-1-101-107","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to determine the activity of the developed experimental samples of a complex product for the group prevention and treatment of infectious diseases of the distal extremities of cattle against microscopic fungi of the genus Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium and Candida. When selecting components for creating experimental samples of a product in powder form for group prevention and treatment of infectious diseases of the distal limbs of cattle using the dry foot bath method, the presence of adsorption, bactericidal and fungicidal properties was taken into account. The following components were used for dry foot baths: adsorbents (bentonite, zeolite, kieselguhr), sodium benzene sulfochloramide, sodium hydroxide, cal¬cium hypochlorite, zinc oxide and sulfate, copper sulfate and additional components taken in various proportions. The fungicidal activity of experimental samples coded CB, CB1 and CB2 against microscopic fungi Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium and Candida was determined in accordance with Guideline 4.2.3676-20 “Methods of laboratory research and testing of disinfectants to assess their effectiveness and safety \". The greatest fungicidal activity against yeast fungi C. albicans (concentration 4 %, 60 min of contact), filamentous fungi A. niger, A. flavus, F. poae, F. sp, P. sp and P. notatum (concentration from 4 to 6 %, 120 min of contact) showed a sample coded SV. The remaining samples SV1, SV2 and Lubisan Eco turned out to be less effective and had fungicidal activity at a concentration of 6 to 8 %.","PeriodicalId":283993,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of KSAU","volume":"114 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140985773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weed contamination of spring wheat crops with the application of resource-saving soil treatment technologies","authors":"Vladimir Ivchenko, V. Polosina, Olga Beketova, Alexander Vasiliev","doi":"10.36718/1819-4036-2024-1-77-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2024-1-77-84","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of research is to study the influence of primary tillage systems on the weed infestation of spring wheat crops placed on green manure fallow in a five-field grain-fallow crop rotation. Objectives: to study the weed infestation of spring wheat crops; to establish the effectiveness of herbicide use; to determine the grain yield of spring wheat. The study was carried out in 2017–2022 in the conditions of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe on leached chernozem, which is characterized by an increased humus content (6.1–8.0 %) and a neutral reaction of the soil solution (pH – 6.1–7.0). The object of the study is spring wheat of the Novosibirskaya 15 variety. The research results showed that the bulk of weeds in the studied variants are represented by a group of young plants. Different tillage systems influenced the quantitative and species composition of weeds. When soil tillage is minimized, the number of weeds increases and their species composition changes. In spring wheat crops under the studied tillage options, the most numerous group of weeds were young ones. The most common species found in spring wheat crops were bedstraw (Galium aparine L.) and millet (Echinochloa crusgalli (L.). Their share in the total number of weeds in the variant with plowing was 71.4 %, without tillage – 81.4 %. There was a significant change in the share of biological groups of young and perennial weeds in the option without tillage during the study period. The share of young weeds in 2022 decreased compared to 2017 from 93.1 to 58.8 %, while the number of perennial weeds increased from 6.9 to 41.2 %.Over the years of the study (2017–2022), a change in the species composition of weeds was established. In the option without tillage, such species as yellow sow thistle, medicinal dandelion, hemlock, and small petal, which were absent in 2017, appear in spring wheat crops.","PeriodicalId":283993,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of KSAU","volume":" 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141128528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FERTILE SOIL LAYER USE FOR RECLAMATION","authors":"M. Osintseva, N. Burova","doi":"10.36718/1819-4036-2024-1-17-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2024-1-17-25","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of research is to study ways to use fertile soil layer for reclamation. Objectives: to study the requirements for the reclamation of lands disturbed during underground mining; to study ways to store fertile soil layer; to study methods of applying topsoil and potentially fertile rocks. The objects of this study were scientific publications and patents of Russian and foreign authors concerning the negative impact of the coal mining industry and ways to minimize this impact. Land reclamation includes preparatory, technical and biological stages. The preparatory stage includes surveying the territories and determining directions for reclamation. The technical stage includes the process of removing the fertile layer and forming a reclamation layer. The biological stage includes sowing herbs and planting trees and shrubs. The fertile layer of soil can be stored in piles for 20 years. Areas unsuitable for agriculture or unproductive land should be allocated for the piles, where flooding, salinization and pollution by industrial waste, solid objects, stone, crushed stone, pebbles, and construction waste are excluded. The application of a fertile or potentially fertile soil layer involves the use of hydraulic transport or other transportation methods with attachments that ensure the application of a soil layer of a given thickness without leveling work. The thickness of the applied fertile layer is differentiated depending on the degree of soil erosion. In order to return disturbed lands for use in various sectors of the national economy and eliminate their impact on the environment, it is necessary to carry out reclamation work by developing projects for reclamation work as part of land dumps for mining enterprises.","PeriodicalId":283993,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of KSAU","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140982311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restoration of fertility of unproductive sod-podzolic soils re-introduced into agricultural circulation","authors":"S. Buryak, Olga Chernikova, Yuri Mazhaisky","doi":"10.36718/1819-4036-2024-1-56-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2024-1-56-63","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of research is to develop agro-reclamation measures to restore the fertility of low-productive sod-podzolic sandy loam soils for the conditions of the southern part of the Non-Chernozem Zone of Russia. Objectives: to conduct a comparative assessment of the impact of granular fertilizer based on turkey droppings and a liquid-phase biological product (LPBP) on increasing soil fertility, phenological characteristics of plants, crop yields and their quality. Six variants of the field experiment were developed: control variant (without fertilizers); granular fertilizer based on turkey droppings at a dose of 15 t/ha; granular fertilizer based on turkey manure at a dose of 15 t/ha together with pre-sowing seed treatment with 1 % LPBP; pre-sowing seed treatment with 1 % LPBP; granular fertilizer based on turkey droppings at a dose of 30 t/ha. The application of organic ameliorant and pre-sowing treatment of seeds with a biological pre¬paration help to improve the agrochemical parameters of the soil, and, as a result, a higher yield of perennial grasses. The best option is option G30, where the yield was 48.3 t/ha of green mass of grass in total for 2 cuttings, which is 33.8 % more than the control option. In the G15 and G15 LPBP options, the harvest was practically not inferior and exceeded the control option by 30.5 and 24.4 %, respectively, soil fertility indicators improved: soil acidity decreased to 4.8–5.0 (pHsol) and 5.4–5.6 (pHwod), an increase in organic matter by 33.9 %, the content of mobile phosphorus and mobile potassium, and the concentration of total nitrogen increased significantly.","PeriodicalId":283993,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of KSAU","volume":"70 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140983582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}