Restoration of fertility of unproductive sod-podzolic soils re-introduced into agricultural circulation

S. Buryak, Olga Chernikova, Yuri Mazhaisky
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Abstract

The purpose of research is to develop agro-reclamation measures to restore the fertility of low-productive sod-podzolic sandy loam soils for the conditions of the southern part of the Non-Chernozem Zone of Russia. Objectives: to conduct a comparative assessment of the impact of granular fertilizer based on turkey droppings and a liquid-phase biological product (LPBP) on increasing soil fertility, phenological characteristics of plants, crop yields and their quality. Six variants of the field experiment were developed: control variant (without fertilizers); granular fertilizer based on turkey droppings at a dose of 15 t/ha; granular fertilizer based on turkey manure at a dose of 15 t/ha together with pre-sowing seed treatment with 1 % LPBP; pre-sowing seed treatment with 1 % LPBP; granular fertilizer based on turkey droppings at a dose of 30 t/ha. The application of organic ameliorant and pre-sowing treatment of seeds with a biological pre¬paration help to improve the agrochemical parameters of the soil, and, as a result, a higher yield of perennial grasses. The best option is option G30, where the yield was 48.3 t/ha of green mass of grass in total for 2 cuttings, which is 33.8 % more than the control option. In the G15 and G15 LPBP options, the harvest was practically not inferior and exceeded the control option by 30.5 and 24.4 %, respectively, soil fertility indicators improved: soil acidity decreased to 4.8–5.0 (pHsol) and 5.4–5.6 (pHwod), an increase in organic matter by 33.9 %, the content of mobile phosphorus and mobile potassium, and the concentration of total nitrogen increased significantly.
恢复重新引入农业循环的非生产性草皮土壤的肥力
研究的目的是针对俄罗斯非切尔诺泽姆区南部的条件,制定农业改良措施,恢复低产草皮沙质壤土的肥力。目标:比较评估基于火鸡粪便的颗粒肥料和液相生物产品(LPBP)对提高土壤肥力、植物物候特征、作物产量及其质量的影响。田间试验共有六个变体:对照变体(不施肥);以火鸡粪便为基础的颗粒肥,剂量为 15 吨/公顷;以火鸡粪便为基础的颗粒肥,剂量为 15 吨/公顷,同时播种前用 1 % LPBP 进行种子处理;播种前用 1 % LPBP 进行种子处理;以火鸡粪便为基础的颗粒肥,剂量为 30 吨/公顷。施用有机改良剂和播种前用生物预处理剂处理种子有助于改善土壤的农业化学参数,从而提高多年生牧草的产量。最佳方案是 G30 方案,2 次扦插的总产量为 48.3 吨/公顷,比对照方案高出 33.8%。在 G15 和 G15 LPBP 方案中,收成实际上并不逊色,分别比对照方案高出 30.5% 和 24.4%,土壤肥力指标有所改善:土壤酸度降至 4.8-5.0 (pHsol) 和 5.4-5.6 (pHwod),有机质增加了 33.9%,移动磷和移动钾的含量以及全氮的浓度显著增加。
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