Bioengineering eJournal最新文献_第3页

Fluoride Removal from Aqueous Solution Using Custard Apple (Annona Squamosa) Leaves 乳苹果(番荔枝)叶片去除水溶液中的氟化物

Bioengineering eJournal Pub Date : 2020-02-06 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3729973

Chinthayyanaidu Rudram, P. D. Reddy

{"title":"Fluoride Removal from Aqueous Solution Using Custard Apple (Annona Squamosa) Leaves","authors":"Chinthayyanaidu Rudram, P. D. Reddy","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3729973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3729973","url":null,"abstract":"Fluoride contamination in groundwater and wastewater due to geological and anthropogenic causes was a major problem in many parts of the world. The presence of fluoride in low concentration causes dental caries and higher concentration causes dental, skeletal fluorosis. Researchers conducted experiments and developed many technologies to remove fluoride from water, among them, Adsorption proved to be one of the best feasible methods for fluoride removal. Custard Apple (Annona squamosa) leaves and pyrolyzed leaves of Custard Apple at 8000C were used as an adsorbent material. Effect on adsorption of fluorine on Annona squamosa as the adsorbent by varying parameters such as particle size, agitation speed, pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial fluoride concentration, and temperature are studied. At optimum parameters of pH 7, contact time 30 min, agitation speed 500 rpm, and adsorbent dosage 1.5g per 50 mL of fluoride water, a fluoride removal efficiency of 95% was achieved. Adsorption isotherm modeling studies show that the adsorption onto Dry leaf powder followed Dubinin-Raudskevitch isotherm model and Pyrolysed leaf powder followed Langmuir isotherm model respectively. FTIR and XRD patterns of the adsorbent were recorded to get a better insight into the mechanism of the adsorption process.","PeriodicalId":283911,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering eJournal","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125829480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Di-Tube Cleanup and Recovery of Oil from Oil Spills 双管清理和回收石油泄漏

Bioengineering eJournal Pub Date : 2020-02-05 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3633846

N. Saxena, Numair Shirqhi, Adithya Bontha, A. Thakur, Rahul Kumar, Pranava Chaudhari

{"title":"Di-Tube Cleanup and Recovery of Oil from Oil Spills","authors":"N. Saxena, Numair Shirqhi, Adithya Bontha, A. Thakur, Rahul Kumar, Pranava Chaudhari","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3633846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3633846","url":null,"abstract":"Petroleum exploration has been a pivotal part of the mass industrialization, and since no humanitarian process spares the environment, so is the petroleum exploration. One of the most deadly side effect of this petroleum exploration undoubtedly is the oil spills caused on land and off shore sites which lead to mass destruction of economy and the ecosystem of the globe. With this warning comes an alarming need to rectify the disaster created by the oil spills by cleaning up the spills using integrated techniques that not only save the ecosystem but also makes sure the spilled oil is recovered efficiently. The proposed technique is Di-tube which mainly contains some of the most commonly used domestic sorbents namely cotton and polypropylene arranged in an integrated tubular form for maximum sorbency. Di-tube is the concentric arrangement of cotton and polypropylene with cotton towards the inside surrounded by polypropylene fibers towards the outside a structure best enhancing the sorbency. The novelty of Di-tube lies in the fact that it is not only a cost-effective way to clean the oil furthermore it generates new revenues through the oil that can be recovered.","PeriodicalId":283911,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering eJournal","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125037894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deep Learning Radial Basis Function Neural Networks Based Automatic Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy 基于深度学习径向基函数神经网络的糖尿病视网膜病变自动检测

Bioengineering eJournal Pub Date : 2020-02-04 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3531619

Friska James, M. Priya

引用次数: 2

A Critical Approach to R Programming in the Analysis of lncRNA in Bioinformatics Study 生物信息学研究中lncRNA分析中R编程的关键方法

Bioengineering eJournal Pub Date : 2020-01-27 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3526024

Aniruddha Biswas, Angshuman Bagchi, Kuheli Saha, Argho Sarkar

{"title":"A Critical Approach to R Programming in the Analysis of lncRNA in Bioinformatics Study","authors":"Aniruddha Biswas, Angshuman Bagchi, Kuheli Saha, Argho Sarkar","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3526024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3526024","url":null,"abstract":"Bioinformatics is a multidisciplinary field of scientific research which analyse biological data using computer science knowledge. Bioinformatics is normally used in laboratories for wet lab practices. This field of study covers genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. Each of these deals with various databases created by world-famous organizations like NCBI, EMBL, etc. Various levels of students, Academicians, Corporate people extract information from well-known databases like ENA, Ensembl, UniProt, PDB, etc. Depending on requirements the extracted data need to be transformed for analysis and Graph Plotting. Based on the analytics and graphical results, scientists and researchers draw a conclusion or take critical decisions to establish certain biological facts. Now extraction of biological data from gigantic biological databases is a humongous task. It requires a very efficient tool that will not only extract information but also provide data analytics and graph plotting amenities. There are numerous programming tools available in the technological domain with their weaknesses and strengths. For example language tools like C, C++, Perl, Ruby, JavaScript or PHP, Java, R, Python, Bash, etc. Researchers in bioinformatics are broadly divided into two groups: the first one who doesn’t want to make their own software and the others who do. Both will do data analysis; execute statistical tests, draws plots and use bioinformatics software made by other programmers. But the second group might be interested in writing their own scripts or build software for their own use or to help other researchers. For me, R programming will be the best choice for both of the mentioned groups. Because it has an ample collection of biological packages that support deep analysis of lncRNA in the field of Bioinformatics study.","PeriodicalId":283911,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering eJournal","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116539431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Retinal Blood Vessel Segmentation and Identification of Glaucoma Using Convolutional Neural Network 基于卷积神经网络的青光眼视网膜血管分割与识别

Bioengineering eJournal Pub Date : 2020-01-19 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3643870

G. Chandra, NV Kranthi, K. Kavya

{"title":"Retinal Blood Vessel Segmentation and Identification of Glaucoma Using Convolutional Neural Network","authors":"G. Chandra, NV Kranthi, K. Kavya","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3643870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3643870","url":null,"abstract":"Exudates are the main root cause of blindness. These exudates are looks like cotton wool spots. The damages due to increment of exudates are wet macular detection and retinopathy. Hence, the important diagnostic task is to find exudates. In this paper, we extract the blood vessels using thresholding method along with filtering the image using curvelet transformation and detect optic disc using circular Hough-man transform method. Finally we detect the exudates using adaptive thresholding method in fundus image along with boundary detection using contour boundary tracing algorithm. Measuring the vessel ratio damage ratio and damage stage of the eye based on ocular vision strategy. \u0000 \u0000Identifying the eye diseases was a complicated process, our approaches made easy by using Multi resolution analysis with feature extraction process. Texture features with in fundus images are actively pursued for accurate and efficient glaucoma classification. In this paper a novel technique proposed, energy texture features extracted using CURVELET transformations which is accessible under geometry conditions where wavelets were not defined to satisfy conditions and also compared with WAVELET transformation analysis. SVM classifier is used for the classification process and feature ranking procedure under extension of multi SVM classifier. This is used for obtaining accurate results. Under the above mentioned conditions the resultant accuracy is about 97.35%.","PeriodicalId":283911,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering eJournal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129141244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Elapsed Time on Downstream Platelet Adhesion Following Exposure to Transiently Elevated Upstream Shear Forces 暴露于瞬时升高的上游剪切力后，经过的时间对下游血小板粘附的影响

Bioengineering eJournal Pub Date : 2020-01-06 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3507482

S. Rahman, A. Fogelson, V. Hlady

{"title":"Effects of Elapsed Time on Downstream Platelet Adhesion Following Exposure to Transiently Elevated Upstream Shear Forces","authors":"S. Rahman, A. Fogelson, V. Hlady","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3507482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3507482","url":null,"abstract":"Transient exposure to elevated shear forces pre-activates platelets for enhanced downstream adhesion, but how far downstream these priming effects persist is not known. We found that platelet adhesion to downstream capture region containing one of the three immobilized platelet binding proteins: fibrinogen, collagen, or von Willebrand factor, changed after platelets flowed through an upstream stenotic region. These platelet capture regions were placed at three different distances from the upstream stenotic region. Platelet adhesion increased with the increase of upstream wall shear rates from 1620 s-1 to 11560 s-1 for all three proteins, but only the adhesion to fibrinogen increased significantly with the distance between the upstream stenotic region and downstream capture region. Platelet adhesion to collagen remained essentially independent on the distance and adhesion to von Willebrand factor marginally increased with the distance after transient platelet exposure to higher upstream shear rates. The results implied that the activation of fibrinogen receptor GPIIb/IIIa by transient exposure to high upstream wall shear rates progresses in a time-dependent manner during the flow of platelets to the downstream capture regions. The highly elevated upstream wall shear rate of 11560 s-1 altered the morphology of many platelets adhered to downstream fibrinogen from their native ellipsoidal to spread circular form. The platelet shape analysis showed that longest periods of post-stenotic flow increased the surface coverage fraction of ellipsoidal platelet population and decreased the surface coverage fraction of fully spread platelets on fibrinogen after both elevated upstream wall shear rates.","PeriodicalId":283911,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering eJournal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114960544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Efficient Frontier Approach to Scoring and Ranking Hospital Performance 医院绩效评分和排名的有效前沿方法

Bioengineering eJournal Pub Date : 2019-11-25 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3359552

Daniel Adelman

引用次数: 13

Synthesis of Procaine-Based Carbon Dots for Bioimaging and Effective Inhibition of Human Colon Cancer Cell Proliferation 普鲁卡因碳点的合成及其对结肠癌细胞增殖的抑制作用

Bioengineering eJournal Pub Date : 2019-07-23 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3424542

Xiaoming Zhao, Tianyang Qi, Mingxi Yang, Wenjing Zhang, Chenfei Kong, Miao Hao, Yuqian Wang, Hao Zhang, Bai Yang, Jie Yang, Jinlan Jiang

{"title":"Synthesis of Procaine-Based Carbon Dots for Bioimaging and Effective Inhibition of Human Colon Cancer Cell Proliferation","authors":"Xiaoming Zhao, Tianyang Qi, Mingxi Yang, Wenjing Zhang, Chenfei Kong, Miao Hao, Yuqian Wang, Hao Zhang, Bai Yang, Jie Yang, Jinlan Jiang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3424542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3424542","url":null,"abstract":"The photoluminescent carbon-based nanomaterials have been utilized in various ﬁelds, such as biological detection, drug delivery, and bioimaging; however, their specific biological functions have been rarely studied. Procaine (PCA), a local anesthetic FDA approved drug, has been reported as a tumor inhibitor. In our study, we utilized this nontoxic clinical drug to synthesize a type of novel carbon dots, termed P-dots, via hydrothermal synthesis. Imaging data demonstrated that the as-prepared P-dots have a narrow size distribution within 3.3 nm and excellent luminescent properties suitable for bioimaging. Compared with PCA, the P-dots exhibited stronger inhibition efficiency of colon cancer cell (DLD1) proliferation, and similar low toxicity in vitro and in vivo. The anti-cancer activity of the P-dots was suggested to be associated with the caspase-3 related cell apoptosis. Taken together, our results suggest that synthesisof carbon dots from PCA have dual functions of bioimaging and anticancer effect. It can be speculated that these features of P-dots will enable them to be utilized as safe and effective nanomedicines for clinical usage.","PeriodicalId":283911,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128341511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Polymeric and Nanoscopical Antimicrobial Fillers in Dentistry 牙科用高分子和纳米抗菌填料

Bioengineering eJournal Pub Date : 2019-06-20 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3407082

Pooyan Makvandi, Jun-ting Gu, E. Zare, K. Ashtari, A. Moeini, F. Tay, L. Niu

引用次数: 2

Outcomes of Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery: A Tertiary Care Hospital Experience 机器人辅助腹腔镜妇科手术的结果:三级护理医院的经验

Bioengineering eJournal Pub Date : 2019-04-18 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3374110

M. Rafique, Sahar Alsuwailem

{"title":"Outcomes of Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery: A Tertiary Care Hospital Experience","authors":"M. Rafique, Sahar Alsuwailem","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3374110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3374110","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: We compared the outcomes of robot-assisted (RA) and standard laparoscopic gynecological surgery (S-LGS) in a tertiary care hospital. We also aimed to evaluate factors affecting the outcomes of RA-LGS to identify areas of improvement. Methods: In this 5-year retrospective study, 65 LGS cases, including 37 RA-LGS and 28 S-LGS, in a single tertiary care hospital were included. Demographic data, clinicopathological details, and complications of the cases were recorded. Surgeons performing RA-LGS were also interviewed regarding their training/experience, competency of surgical assistance, and suggestions for improving training. Results: Operative times (3.70 ± 0.96 vs. 2.07 ± 0.78 h, p < 0.001) and hospital stays (3.53 ± 3.29 vs. 1.96 ± 1.34 days, p = 0.022) were significantly longer in the RA-LGS group than in the S-LGS group. Intraoperative complications, which were primarily adjacent organ damage (21.6% vs. 0.0%, p = 0.029), were significantly more common in the RA-LGS group. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of the need to convert to laparotomy, immediate/late postoperative complications, estimated blood loss, or the need for blood transfusion. The interview survey results suggested the lack of a trained team assisting in RA-LGS as the reason for the poor outcomes. Conclusions: We found no advantages of RA-LGS over S-LGS. Longer training periods for RA-LGS, with minimum 20–50 cases as part of a structured training program, may improve outcomes.","PeriodicalId":283911,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering eJournal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116756529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0