{"title":"Calculation of field enhancement factor and screening effects in carbon nanotube arrays","authors":"R.C. Smith, L. Filip, J. D. Carey, S. Silva","doi":"10.1109/IVNC.2007.4480983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVNC.2007.4480983","url":null,"abstract":"Computational 3D simulations of individual carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and vertically aligned arrays of CNTs were conducted in order to gain insight into their field emission characteristics. We find that the widely used approximation that the enhancement factor is equal to the aspect ratio of the emitter to be an over-estimation, and that the enhancement factor is only loosely related to the aspect ratio, among other parameters.","PeriodicalId":281199,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE 20th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124607349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. She, Z. Xiao, S. Deng, Jun Chen, Y.H. Yang, G. Yang, N. Xu
{"title":"Fabrication of ultra-sharp ZnO nanotip from sub-micro ZnO whiskers by electric field treatment","authors":"J. She, Z. Xiao, S. Deng, Jun Chen, Y.H. Yang, G. Yang, N. Xu","doi":"10.1109/IVNC.2007.4480957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVNC.2007.4480957","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we particularly demonstrate that ZnO nanotips can be formed from a sub-micro ZnO whisker by field emission treatment. The underlying physics are discussed.","PeriodicalId":281199,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE 20th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129316521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fabrication of transparent single wall carbon nanotube films with low sheet resistance","authors":"J. Yim, W. Kim, K. Koh, Soonil Lee","doi":"10.1116/1.2827507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/1.2827507","url":null,"abstract":"We developed a very simple protocol to make SWCNT-network films, and fabricated transparent electrodes with low sheet resistance based on this method. The development of organic light-emitting diodes based on transparent SWCNT anode is under progress.","PeriodicalId":281199,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE 20th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115779727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qilong Wang, Xiaxi Yang, Xiaobing Zhang, W. Lei, Xiaowei Yin
{"title":"Formation of ZnO nano tetrarods on a metallic substrate","authors":"Qilong Wang, Xiaxi Yang, Xiaobing Zhang, W. Lei, Xiaowei Yin","doi":"10.1109/IVNC.2007.4481015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVNC.2007.4481015","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we have reported the formation of ZnO Nano tetrarods on the well-polished metallic (copper) substrate and the p-silicon substrate by using catalytic vapor phase transport. The substrates were placed into one traditional tube furnace with a quartz tube. Grains of cobalt oxides were spread on the surface of the substrates. They were placed at the downstream end. Zn powder (~ 99.9%) was placed into one quartz boat with the metallic substrate or the silicon substrate. Oxygen (300 sccm) and Argon were the reactive gas and the protective gas respectively. The temperature would be raised to 800 centigrade when the reactive gas.","PeriodicalId":281199,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE 20th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference","volume":"252 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122487933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fitting nonlinear FN plots of field emission strips with a self-consistent parallel plane model","authors":"Ming-Chieh Lin, Yi-Huan Liao","doi":"10.1109/IVNC.2007.4480979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVNC.2007.4480979","url":null,"abstract":"A self-consistent parallel plane (SCPP) model has been developed for fitting nonlinear Fowler-Nordheim (FN) plots of field emission strips. The saturation behavior of field emission strips is investigated by using a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation. The field emission process is described quantum mechanically by the Fowler-Nordheim equation. Space-charge effects are automatically included in the FDTD PIC simulations. The simulation results have confirmed that the saturation is caused by the space charge effects.","PeriodicalId":281199,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE 20th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122688006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Negishi, T. Sato, Y. Matsuba, R. Tanaka, T. Nakada, K. Sakemura, Y. Okuda, A. Watanabe, T. Yoshikawa, K. Ogasawara, M. Nanba, S. Okazaki, K. Tanioka, N. Egami, N. Koshida
{"title":"640×480 pixel active-matrix HEED imaging sensor with HARP target","authors":"N. Negishi, T. Sato, Y. Matsuba, R. Tanaka, T. Nakada, K. Sakemura, Y. Okuda, A. Watanabe, T. Yoshikawa, K. Ogasawara, M. Nanba, S. Okazaki, K. Tanioka, N. Egami, N. Koshida","doi":"10.1109/IVNC.2007.4480935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVNC.2007.4480935","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an active-matrix planar-type cold electron emitter array development is studied to fulfill the requirement of high-speed response. This emitter array adopts a novel MIS emitter which is termed HEED (High-efficiency Electron Emission Device) and fabricated on a MOS transistor array formed on a silicon wafer with scan driver circuits. HEED's driving voltage is relatively low (about 20V) and its MIS structure is compatible with silicon planar processing employed for LSI. As a consequence, The HEED is one of the most suitable emitters for an active-matrix drive configuration. The emission current density (defined as the average pixel current per emitter area size) reaches up to 4.4 A/cm . This highly emissive property fulfills the imaging requirement of a HARP target. The specifications of the active-matrix HEED are summarized. The number of the interconnections to drive this chip is applicatory 12 lines. This is another important advantage of the active-matrix drive method.","PeriodicalId":281199,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE 20th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122735470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Field emitter arrays for tomographic medical imaging","authors":"P. Schwoebel, C. Holland, C. Spindt, J. Boone","doi":"10.1109/IVNC.2007.4480934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVNC.2007.4480934","url":null,"abstract":"We are developing a new stationary X-ray source for tomographic imaging with the potential to revolutionize tomographic imaging technology. Energy analysis of the X-ray output has shown clean spectra using both molybdenum and tungsten anodes. At present a prototype system is being assembled for tomographic imaging of small animals for medical research. This paper discusses the results of the X-ray source experiments and plans for the further development of stationary, multiple-source, tomographic imaging systems.","PeriodicalId":281199,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE 20th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133706771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The physics of generalized Fowler-Nordheim-type equations","authors":"R. Forbes","doi":"10.1116/1.2827505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/1.2827505","url":null,"abstract":"The aim here is to generalise the standard FN-type equation, so that the physical equation where the local emission current density (ECD) J is related to the barrier field F becomes clearer for metals. This is a preliminary need before the above equation can be fully linked with cold field electron emission (CFE) theory for non-metals. Each generalisation step needs stating in detail; this paper deals with the first few.","PeriodicalId":281199,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE 20th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130328551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Novel carbon nanotube based three terminal devices","authors":"S. Lyth, L.P. Filip, D. Cox, S. Silva","doi":"10.1109/IVNC.2007.4481013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVNC.2007.4481013","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon nanotubes since their discovery have created much industrial and scientific interest. Their unique properties in electrical conduction, chemical robustness and the ability to control the growth of aligned CNT films makes them an ideal candidate for high intensity electron sources. Combining these properties with that ability to solubilise CNTs within an aqueous solution further extends the application fields associated with these unique materials. In this work we made use of an acid oxidised carbon nanotube ink that has been developed by Ago et al. (1999) to provide a simple route for controlling threshold fields and the current density in a three terminal device configuration.","PeriodicalId":281199,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE 20th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129141843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ki Seo Kim, Ryu Je Hwang, C. Lee, J. Ahn, Jin Jang, K. Park
{"title":"Enhanced electron emission current of carbon nanotubes emitter arrays after constant bias-aging","authors":"Ki Seo Kim, Ryu Je Hwang, C. Lee, J. Ahn, Jin Jang, K. Park","doi":"10.1109/IVNC.2007.4480990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVNC.2007.4480990","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we investigated the effect of bias-aging on electron emission from well-aligned CNT-emitter arrays. As a result, we obtained enhanced electron emission characteristics by bias-aging. In order to make the field emission array (FEA), growth of CNTs was carried out with a triode DC-PECVD with a mesh grid palced above the substrate holder electrode. The growth process by using the resist-assisted patterning is very simple and low cost to fabricate emitter arrays.","PeriodicalId":281199,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE 20th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132322158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}