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Behav. Inf. Technol.最新文献

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Response effects and computer-administered questionnaires: the role of the entry task and previous computer experience 反应效应与电脑管理问卷:输入任务与过往电脑经验的作用
Behav. Inf. Technol. Pub Date : 1995-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/01449299508914649
Gregory R. Bratton, P. R. Newsted
{"title":"Response effects and computer-administered questionnaires: the role of the entry task and previous computer experience","authors":"Gregory R. Bratton, P. R. Newsted","doi":"10.1080/01449299508914649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01449299508914649","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In a field experiment at a tourist attraction, a between-subject; design was used to compare paper-and-pencil survey responses against those collected from two computer-administered questionnaire ( CAQ) packages; one using a cursor movement answering protocol, and the second using number pad entry. Three response effects were identified for the groups completing computerized questionnaires: an increase in the range of responses to scale questions, a tendency to select only one choice in answering multiple response questions, and longer answers to open-ended questions. Response effects were shown to be as much a function of the specific computer entry task, as the computerized interviewing situation in general. This finding suggests that computer-collected data should not be compared with data from other methodologies or even different questionnaire software without qualification. Respondent's previous computer experience was shown to have a marginal effect on the size of response effects, and onl...","PeriodicalId":280506,"journal":{"name":"Behav. Inf. Technol.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129776048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Spatial metaphors and disorientation in hypertext browsing 超文本浏览中的空间隐喻与定向障碍
Behav. Inf. Technol. Pub Date : 1995-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/01449299508914637
Hanhwe Kim, S. Hirtle
{"title":"Spatial metaphors and disorientation in hypertext browsing","authors":"Hanhwe Kim, S. Hirtle","doi":"10.1080/01449299508914637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01449299508914637","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The spatial metaphor can be used as a framework for explaining and designing tools that alleviate disorientation problems in hypertext systems. The approach based on this metaphor would involve developing tools analogous to navigational aids in physical environments and applying analogous concepts from research on human spatial processing and navigation in physical spaces. Research on hypertext browsing with respect to the spatial metaphor is reviewed and contrasted with the larger task context where users are trying to explore, learn, analyse, and summarize the contents of the hypertext space.","PeriodicalId":280506,"journal":{"name":"Behav. Inf. Technol.","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114635244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 255
The Cockpit Metaphor 座舱隐喻
Behav. Inf. Technol. Pub Date : 1995-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/01449299508914638
L. Colgan, R. Spence, P. Rankin
{"title":"The Cockpit Metaphor","authors":"L. Colgan, R. Spence, P. Rankin","doi":"10.1080/01449299508914638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01449299508914638","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Engineering design is increasingly being supported by automatic procedures capable of improving a design but which, nevertheless, require human guidance if they are to be successful. Such guidance requires an effective interface. One such interface, recently implemented within a complex engineering design tool, is based upon the Cockpit Metaphor which is the subject of this paper. The metaphor was invented by domain experts and a psychologist, not in response to a commission but as an innovative statement of a fruitful path which future engineering design tools might follow. This paper describes the context of the Cockpit Metaphor, the requirements influencing its incorporation in the Cockpit interface, the evaluations carried out, and the research issues raised.","PeriodicalId":280506,"journal":{"name":"Behav. Inf. Technol.","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127612489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 27
Appropriateness of communications media use in organizations: situation requirements and media characteristics 组织中使用传播媒介的适当性:情况要求和媒介特征
Behav. Inf. Technol. Pub Date : 1995-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/01449299508914633
B. Caldwell, S. Uang, Lilas H. Taha
{"title":"Appropriateness of communications media use in organizations: situation requirements and media characteristics","authors":"B. Caldwell, S. Uang, Lilas H. Taha","doi":"10.1080/01449299508914633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01449299508914633","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this paper is to examine media use in organizations as affected by situation requirements and media characteristics. This paper discusses the strength of four existing models describing communications media use in individuals and organizations. The paper also presents research which evaluated interactions of multiple situation variables affecting communications media appropriateness in a survey population. Participants rated die acceptability of each of twelve communications media in each of eight hypothetical organizational situations. Situations varied based on high or low levels of three factors: message urgency, amount of message content, and distance between communicators. Results indicated (1) situations have unique and significant contributions to media appropriateness; (2) appropriateness of media usage depends on the match between situation requirements and media characteristics, and (3) situation effects are more salient in some ‘situation-dependent’ media. Another survey...","PeriodicalId":280506,"journal":{"name":"Behav. Inf. Technol.","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116755058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 38
Graphical versus character-based word processors: an analysis of user performance 图形与基于字符的文字处理器:用户性能分析
Behav. Inf. Technol. Pub Date : 1995-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/01449299508914634
G. d'Ydewalle, Jurgen Leemans, J. Rensbergen
{"title":"Graphical versus character-based word processors: an analysis of user performance","authors":"G. d'Ydewalle, Jurgen Leemans, J. Rensbergen","doi":"10.1080/01449299508914634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01449299508914634","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The study investigates how experienced computer users take advantage of the availability of graphic user interfaces in a word processing task. Performance time and actions were compared in three groups of subjects working respectively with WordPerfect 5.1, WordPerfect for Windows, or WordPerfect V2.00 for the Macintosh. The three groups did not differ in efficiency: they performed the word processing task at the same speed. Very few WordPerfect 5.1 users worked with the pull-down menus; the great majority preferred using the function key shortcuts. No significant difference in menu use was noted between the two graphical user interface word processors (Windows and Macintosh). Windows users did not apply shortcuts to move text, but used menus or the button bar instead. There was no difference in the use of the mouse between the Windows and Macintosh groups. While better task satisfaction is often reported with the availability of graphical user interfaces, our findings are in agreement with other ...","PeriodicalId":280506,"journal":{"name":"Behav. Inf. Technol.","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130378237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
Anthropocentrism and computers 人类中心主义和计算机
Behav. Inf. Technol. Pub Date : 1995-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/01449299508914636
C. Nass, M. Lombard, L. Henriksen, Jonathan Steuer
{"title":"Anthropocentrism and computers","authors":"C. Nass, M. Lombard, L. Henriksen, Jonathan Steuer","doi":"10.1080/01449299508914636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01449299508914636","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper introduces the multi-dimensional concept of anthropocentrism with respect to computers, the tendency to believe that (1) computers do not possess human physical and psychological capabilities; and (2) it is not acceptable for computers to fill routinized (e.g., auto mechanic), interpretive (e.g., newspaper reporter), and persona) (e.g., baby sitter) roles traditionally held only by people. A mail survey (n = 133) of individuals in Northern California focuses on individual differences rather than differences between technologies. As suggested by the literature on ethnocentrism, experience with other cultures and education are strong predictors of the dimensions of anthropocentrism; surprisingly, experience with computers fails as a predictor.","PeriodicalId":280506,"journal":{"name":"Behav. Inf. Technol.","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132696586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 91
Discretionary use of personal computers by knowledge workers: testing of a social psychology theoretical model 知识型员工对个人电脑的随意使用:一个社会心理学理论模型的检验
Behav. Inf. Technol. Pub Date : 1995-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/01449299508914635
G. Paré, J. Elam
{"title":"Discretionary use of personal computers by knowledge workers: testing of a social psychology theoretical model","authors":"G. Paré, J. Elam","doi":"10.1080/01449299508914635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01449299508914635","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Understanding the discretionary use of computers by knowledge workers has been a central issue of information systems research. However, previous research has reflected a limited theoretical perspective and has overlooked important theories from other reference disciplines. This lack of theoretical foundation might provide a potential explanation for the mixed empirical support that has been found. To identify the factors which condition the discretionary use of computers, this research utilizes a well-accepted theoretical framework from the field of social psychology (Triandis 1971; 1977, 1980). Responses were obtained from 355 faculty members of a Southeastern US university, and data analysis was performed using bivariate as well as traditional and second generation multivariate techniques. The results obtained from this study confirm that Triandis' theory of behaviour should be applied for understanding and explaining computer usage behaviour in a voluntary environment. Interestingly, it was f...","PeriodicalId":280506,"journal":{"name":"Behav. Inf. Technol.","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130487671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 95
Negotiability: a metafunction to tailor access to data in groupware 可协商性:在群件中定制对数据访问的元函数
Behav. Inf. Technol. Pub Date : 1995-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/01449299508914641
V. Wulf
{"title":"Negotiability: a metafunction to tailor access to data in groupware","authors":"V. Wulf","doi":"10.1080/01449299508914641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01449299508914641","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Functions which control access to data in groupware should be designed flexibly by offering different options to end users. However, conflicts might arise among different end users in the process of selecting one of these options. To support users in finding a consensual solution for these conflicts, we propose a metafunction called ‘negotiability’. We propose to define and explore the concept of ‘negotiability’, and discuss its application to access control, concurrency control, and consistency control. We assume that negotiability can play an important role in tailoring these mechanisms and supporting a co-operative use of system's flexibility.","PeriodicalId":280506,"journal":{"name":"Behav. Inf. Technol.","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126958041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 22
Impact of cognitive abilities of experts on the effectiveness of elicited knowledge 专家的认知能力对知识有效性的影响
Behav. Inf. Technol. Pub Date : 1995-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/01449299508914644
Chin-Jung Chao, G. Salvendy
{"title":"Impact of cognitive abilities of experts on the effectiveness of elicited knowledge","authors":"Chin-Jung Chao, G. Salvendy","doi":"10.1080/01449299508914644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01449299508914644","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper addresses the possible relation of cognitive abilities of experts on the effectiveness of acquired knowledge for three different tasks (diagnosis, debugging and interpretation) and four different methods of knowledge elicitation (interview, protocol, induction and repertory grid). Based on task analysis and the analysis of method of knowledge elicitation, ten cognitive abilities have been identified. Experimental data indicate that the cognitive abilities of experts affect significantly the effectiveness of the elicited data and the percentage of total knowledge acquired.","PeriodicalId":280506,"journal":{"name":"Behav. Inf. Technol.","volume":"210 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124454770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
The effect of a database feedback system on user performance 数据库反馈系统对用户性能的影响
Behav. Inf. Technol. Pub Date : 1995-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/01449299508914642
H. Chan, K. Wei, K. Siau
{"title":"The effect of a database feedback system on user performance","authors":"H. Chan, K. Wei, K. Siau","doi":"10.1080/01449299508914642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01449299508914642","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There are two main approaches to improving the effectiveness of database interfaces. One is to raise the level of abstraction for the content of the user-database interaction. The relational model belonging to the logical level has replaced the hierarchical and network models that belong to the lower physical level. It is likely that the relational model will eventually be replaced by models belonging to the even higher conceptual level, such as entity relationship models and object-oriented models. The second approach is to enhance the actual interaction process. This can be done by providing better feedback to the user. Feedback can be in the form of more comprehensible error messages, and the provision of a natural language interpretation of user's query. Such a feedback system was developed, and its effectiveness tested in an experiment. The results showed that the feedback system enhanced user performance greatly. Specifically, users who used the feedback system were 12.9% more accurate than...","PeriodicalId":280506,"journal":{"name":"Behav. Inf. Technol.","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116389215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
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