Canadian Journal of Children's Rights / Revue canadienne des droits des enfants最新文献

{"title":"Child Rights Education - Building Capabilities and Empowerment Through Social Constructivism","authors":"H. Manion, Shelley Jones","doi":"10.22215/cjcr.v7i1.2615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22215/cjcr.v7i1.2615","url":null,"abstract":"Children have the right to a voice, to education and to education about their rights, as outlined in Article 12 and Article 29 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. Child rights-based education can support children to be empowered with critical agency and exposed to connection to the wider world, better equipping them to become young global citizens and act in ways that demonstrate empathy and commitment to diversity, dignity, and equality. To obtain this goal, education systems must be aligned to foster these attributes and empower children to develop and exercise the capabilities that will best serve them in childhood as well as adulthood. This paper considers how we can support the empowerment and capabilities development of children through child rights-focused education using an integrated framework of empowerment, capabilities (Sen, 1999), and social constructivist (Vgotsky, 1978) education. Building on the foundations laid in the development and evolution of children’s rights, setting out the theoretical underpinnings and drawing on a case study of a rights-based education project, this paper will consider how rights-based education can be feasible and beneficial.","PeriodicalId":278193,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Children's Rights / Revue canadienne des droits des enfants","volume":"10 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120911185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Unfair Game of Virtual Hide-and-Go-Seek: The Passive Collection of Children's Information Online","authors":"Andrea Korajlija","doi":"10.22215/cjcr.v7i1.2796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22215/cjcr.v7i1.2796","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, I examine the regulatory deficiencies surrounding children’s online privacy. Specifically, I assess how the passive collection of children’s information through their parents is permitted under the current legislation. I examine two online activities of parents that jeopardize their children’s privacy: (1) “sharenting” on social media platforms; and (2) the use of pregnancy and parenting mobile applications. I outline the consequences children face because of this unconsented passive collection of their information enabled by their parents’ technology use. Lastly, I call for more stringent regulation. We need legislation that explicitly differentiates children’s privacy interests and offers specific safeguards for them to preserve their digital identity and overall safety.","PeriodicalId":278193,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Children's Rights / Revue canadienne des droits des enfants","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128047990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Help Them Back Home”: Italian Fantasies of (Neoliberal) Inclusion from Buona Scuola to Salvini’s Government","authors":"Valentina Migliarini","doi":"10.22215/cjcr.v6i1.2336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22215/cjcr.v6i1.2336","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores how inclusive education in the Italian context has shifted from the Marxist model based on the solidarity of Integrazione Scolastica (see D’Alessio, 2011) to a neoliberal approach which targets Black migrant and forced-migrant children. The introduction of Renzi’s policy reform, Buona Scuola, marked this shift towards neoliberal inclusion, and the current far-right government, led by Salvini, adds a populist character to it, evident in his mantra of “helping them back home”. Drawing from Butler’s (1997) notions of subjectivation and referring to Tomlinson’s (1982) concept of benevolent humanitarianism, the paper analyzes how Italian educators conceptualize the inclusion of migrants and refugees through neoliberal fantasies.  However, the space of neoliberal inclusion is ableist, racist, and exclusionary. Ultimately, the paper advances the intersectional approach of Disability Critical Race Theory (DisCrit) to (re)frame educational and social inclusion in Italy and to refute a neoliberal model that perpetuates racial disparities (Annamma, Connor, Ferri, 2013; 2016).","PeriodicalId":278193,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Children's Rights / Revue canadienne des droits des enfants","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125951645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between World Borders:","authors":"J. Tavares","doi":"10.22215/cjcr.v6i1.1919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22215/cjcr.v6i1.1919","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores from a critical mad studies perspective, the under-investigated relationship between madness and constructions of childhood. Through analyzing a video published by the Oprah Winfrey Network on YouTube where the host conducts an ‘interview’ with a young girl labelled with ‘childhood schizophrenia’ named Jani, I argue mad experiences of children are doubly characterized as dubious. Beyond dubious, they are conceptualized as a form of human experience so unfamiliar to sane adult perceptions they become conceptualized as entertainment. Moreover, I contend viewing the different psychogeographies or world(s) of mad people, more specifically children, that are not omnipresent to sane and mad minds alike, as farcical or disordered is problematic as it excises these realities are in fact real to those who experience them. This paper asserts the sanist move to only consider the shared phenomenological conscious experiences of populations at large is a form of cognitive injustice that ignores the multiplicity of realities that exist. What I propose towards the end of the paper is that scholarly analysis consider individuals as individuals, rather than what their subjective intersectional identities culturally demarcate. What mad positive futures can be imagined if we dare to consider Jani as Jani and not a ‘crazy little girl?","PeriodicalId":278193,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Children's Rights / Revue canadienne des droits des enfants","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128590871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metaeugenics and Metaresistance: From Manufacturing the ‘Includeable Body’ to Walking Away from the Broom Closet","authors":"R. Williams","doi":"10.22215/cjcr.v6i1.1976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22215/cjcr.v6i1.1976","url":null,"abstract":"The governance of rights is a complex project of exercising ethical discretion in a systemically unethical society. This paper troubles the efficacy of rights as governable by exposing tensions within and between the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). Grounded in a critical disability studies perspective, I question the possibility of respecting disability as a natural part of human diversity while simultaneously proposing that disabled children have a right to intervention. Who governs the definition of “health”, of “development”, of “access”, or of “best interests”? I interrogate the function of rights-based discourses in a global culture that has yet to fully abandon the project of eugenics. I present disturbing relations between researcher and subject in case studies of wearable technologies for autism intervention as a challenging site of analysis for the ethics of these interventions. I call us to question who truly benefits when we engage in the production of ‘includable bodies’ rather than the deconstruction of exclusionary environments.","PeriodicalId":278193,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Children's Rights / Revue canadienne des droits des enfants","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132376380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entre protection et mobilisation : contributions canadiennes et québécoises à l’histoire transnationale des droits des enfants handicapés (1920-1980)","authors":"Susanne Commend","doi":"10.22215/cjcr.v6i1.1750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22215/cjcr.v6i1.1750","url":null,"abstract":"Cet article repère les principaux jalons de la mobilisation à l’égard des enfants handicapés au Québec et dans le monde. Il s’intéresse en particulier à l’émergence d’un mouvement de défense des droits des enfants infirmes sur la scène internationale pendant l’entre-deux-guerres, auquel le Canada, incluant le Québec, ont participé. En s’appuyant sur un corpus de sources variées, l’étude démontre qu’une conception sociale de l’enfance infirme a principalement été véhiculée par les acteurs de ce mouvement, sans être pour autant exempte de l’influence médicale. En insistant sur les causes socio-économiques responsables de l’infirmité, les philanthropes discréditent un autre discours qui fait porter le poids des déficiences sur des facteurs individuels. Notre lecture de ce mouvement d’avant-garde nuance l’interprétation selon laquelle une emprise médicale hégémonique aurait pesé sur les jeunes handicapés jusqu’à l’intensification de l’activisme dans les années 1960.","PeriodicalId":278193,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Children's Rights / Revue canadienne des droits des enfants","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116033804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood Experiences of North Korean Refugees at the Intersection of Disability and Refugee Status","authors":"Yosung Song, Justin E. Freedman","doi":"10.22215/cjcr.v6i1.2201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22215/cjcr.v6i1.2201","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to examine how the intersection of disability and refugee is experienced by North Korean refugees during their childhood. A Critical Disability Studies theoretical framework is used to understand the interplay of social and embodied aspects of disability within the conditions faced by North Korean refugees across multiple borders and contexts. Data is reported from interviews with two teachers and eight young adults and students about their childhood experiences before, during, and after their journey to relocate in South Korea. We report findings of the violence that North Korean refugee children and adolescents experience and the structural, political, economic, and cultural conditions that shape North Korean refugee children’s access to rights, such as health care and education. Further, we highlight how identities, such as gender and ethnicity, impact the embodied experiences of North Korean refugee children, and their relationship to multiple nation-states.","PeriodicalId":278193,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Children's Rights / Revue canadienne des droits des enfants","volume":"404 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116391328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'Not Like Other Girls':","authors":"Nandini Ghosh","doi":"10.22215/cjcr.v6i1.2035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22215/cjcr.v6i1.2035","url":null,"abstract":"Feminist disability scholars have argued that gendered societal standards influence and construct cultural notions of femininity and shape the development of identities of women with disabilities. Gender socialisation is one of the basic processes whereby identities are constructed and maintained through learning of socio-cultural ideologies regarding gender appropriate behaviour and its performance in daily life contexts. This paper attempts to reveal the ways in which girls with locomotor disability in West Bengal experience processes of gender socialisation, in the light of patriarchal and abilist ideologies existing their own cultural context. It also seeks to explore the ways in which these girls negotiate the self and a feminine performance in different ways, adhering to, questioning and subverting such ideologies in their daily lives. The paper is based on empirical data collected from sixteen women with locomotor disabilities living in the rural district of 24 Parganas (S) and the urban locale of Kolkata in West Bengal.","PeriodicalId":278193,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Children's Rights / Revue canadienne des droits des enfants","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114307608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Right to Play for Children with Disabilities","authors":"J. Mulder, Samantha Carter, Mikaela Graf","doi":"10.22215/cjcr.v6i1.2189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22215/cjcr.v6i1.2189","url":null,"abstract":"The following research study seeks to examine problematic discourses around children with disabilities and their right to play, through a critical disability studies and children’s rights lens. This paper will argue that inadequate understandings of children’s varied definitions of play can lead to exclusion in non-institutional and institutional settings. Through the use of photovoice and interview analysis, we sought to take a holistic approach to understanding the varied ways children with disabilities, and educational assistants, answered questions surrounding “what is play?” Our findings align with the notion that the right of children with disabilities to play is complex and interdisciplinary. Bridging access to cultivate appropriate inclusion through awareness, applicable school programming, and a redefined definition and discourse around play, is crucial for children to authentically participate in their version of play, as defined by themselves. Valuing children’s full right to play, as defined by the UNCRC, allows for a greater understanding of the social and political complexities of working with children instead of challenging their ability to advocate for themselves. 2019 Canadian Journal of Children’s Rights 198 The ability to understand and implement the rights of all children is crucial to working with children. Children's rights are frequently overlooked, which results in the further suppression of rights for children with disabilities. Building upon this knowledge is crucial not only to recognizing children as people, but also to empowering and educating them about their rights. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) outlines various rights that children possess; however, the explanations are vague in construction. Article 31 of the UNCRC defines the right to play as: “the right of the child to rest and leisure, to engage in play and recreational activities appropriate to the age of the child and to participate freely in cultural life and the arts” (OHCHR, 2002, p. 9). This definition excludes consideration of the different forms of play that children may engage in. The UNCRC’s assumption that play must be “age-appropriate” is problematic when reflecting upon the mental versus chronological age of children at play. Developmental psychology approaches focus on \"typical\" stages of development, considering age and a child's respective abilities. This model applies a linear model of cross-childhood development to children with disabilities, neglecting to consider the interdisciplinary nature of childhoods. Critical disability studies contest the exclusions of a linear model of development, by moving towards inclusion through authentically listening to the voices and experiences of children with disabilities (Curran & Runswick-Cole, 2014). For our paper, play will be defined as \"a dynamic, active, and constructive behaviour, considered from a variety of perspectives theoretical, parental, and childhoods. Pla","PeriodicalId":278193,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Children's Rights / Revue canadienne des droits des enfants","volume":"241 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122928978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Rights of Autism","authors":"C. Gould","doi":"10.22215/cjcr.v6i1.2002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22215/cjcr.v6i1.2002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":278193,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Children's Rights / Revue canadienne des droits des enfants","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128286306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}