Informatics and education最新文献

{"title":"Development of an applied intelligent system based on neurophysiological data to support decision-making on the organization of the educational process","authors":"L. Nosova, N. A. Belousova, Yuliya V. Korchemkina","doi":"10.32517/0234-0453-2023-38-2-16-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32517/0234-0453-2023-38-2-16-25","url":null,"abstract":"In modern science, one of the urgent problems is the search for ways to improve the effectiveness of learning. The study of neurophysiological patterns in the formation of individual variations of cognitive activity of students at different stages of ontogenesis is an important condition for developing innovative technologies to improve the quality of the educational process. The article presents the development of an applied intelligent system that allows considering individual differences in cognitive activity of students and schoolchildren using neuroscience technologies.The use of teaching methods and techniques is largely due to individual typological features, which can be analyzed using neurobiological indicators. Express analysis of the individual neurophysiological profile characterizes behavioral aspects of cognitive activity. With the help of an intelligent system, a set of neuro-physiological indicators of groups of students was processed to identify the influence of learning conditions on these indicators. Based on the test data sets, the system assigns learners to pairs, groups, or project teams and recommends learning tasks based on the learners’ neurophysiological profiles.When developing the system, the basic principles of the development and use of artificial intelligence are taken into account, such as transparency of the program’s choice of the process of forming pairs and groups of learners and the criteria for selecting tasks, so the so-called weak artificial intelligence — machine learning with a teacher is used.","PeriodicalId":277237,"journal":{"name":"Informatics and education","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131263181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Russian cloud office application packages in the educational process of universities","authors":"B. Burnyashov","doi":"10.32517/0234-0453-2023-38-2-5-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32517/0234-0453-2023-38-2-5-15","url":null,"abstract":"The article aims to introduce the author’s developments in the use of online office applications MyOffice and P7-Office, included in the Unified Register of Russian programs for electronic computers and databases, to the institutions of higher education in Russia.Based on the analysis of scientific, scientific-methodical, and educational literature, comprehension of own pedagogical work, analysis educational activities of student construction of new educational content, the author defines the subject of the research in solving the problem of educational process transfer at Russian universities to domestic software, picks out directions of using cloud office programs in the educational process, gives examples of using text and table online editors MyOffice and P7-Office in educational purposes, and provides the rationale for the choice to study this particular software in the courses “Informatics” and in the block of academic disciplines on the application of information technology in professional activities for socio-economic and humanitarian areas of higher education.The relevance of the article is determined by the need to implement the methodological recommendations of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation on the transition of educational institutions to preferential use of domestic software, in particular, the need to replace the foreign cloud software Microsoft Office 365 and online office applications of Google corporation, which has been widely used until recently. The author formulated a number of suggestions for the developers of Yandex.Disk and Cloud Mail.ru on how to improve and use Russian cloud services.To save money allocated for the purchase of licensed domestic office applications, the author suggests using the free full-featured online versions in the educational process.The novelty of the results presented in this article lies in the absence of scientific articles based on research on the use of domestic online office applications in the educational process of Russian universities in the RSCI database, and the lack of training manuals on the use of these applications in the catalogs of leading Russian electronic library systems.Considering the fact that even the strategic partners of the United States are attempting to switch to their cloud products, the author believes that the experience of using Russian online office applications described in this article may be useful for university teachers in the Eurasian Economic Union member states.","PeriodicalId":277237,"journal":{"name":"Informatics and education","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126162881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Students’ resolutions of some paradoxes of infinity in the lens of the grossone methodology","authors":"L. Nasr","doi":"10.32517/0234-0453-2023-38-1-83-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32517/0234-0453-2023-38-1-83-91","url":null,"abstract":"In the article, students’ responses to some classical paradoxes related to infinity were investigated by considering the traditional methods and later by considering a new methodology for dealing with infinity (grossone methodology) which was introduced to them briefly. Eleven students of grade 12 participated in this study.In phase 1, the students (who study in the traditional methods) provided their intuitive resolutions to three paradoxes of infinity. In phase 2, the students were introduced to the grossone methodology after which they were asked to resolve the same paradoxes using this methodology in phase 3. After being presented by the normative and the grossone-based resolutions, the students reflected on them inwriting.Results of this study showed that students’ intuitive solutions were similar to grossone-based solutions of the three considered paradoxes. Therefore, the students accepted those solutions.This study shows the relevance of using an alternative method, which is the grossone methodology, in order to simplify resolutions of some paradoxical situations with infinity for undergraduate students.","PeriodicalId":277237,"journal":{"name":"Informatics and education","volume":"165 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128458066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of professional competencies of masters of pedagogy using electronic portfolio","authors":"О. А. Imanova, О. G. Smolyaninova","doi":"10.32517/0234-0453-2023-38-1-45-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32517/0234-0453-2023-38-1-45-54","url":null,"abstract":"Comprehensive assessment of professional competencies is one of the main conditions ensuring successful employment in accordance with the qualifications obtained and the prospect of career growth for graduates of pedagogical universities in conditions of uncertainty. The professional self-evaluation is an important factor for building individual development and analyzing one’s own pedagogical potential based on professional activity reflection.The article presents the results of the study conducted at the School of Education, Psychology and Sociology of the Siberian Federal University on the use of electronic portfolio technology (e-portfolio) for comprehensive authentic assessment of the professional competencies of Masters’ program of Pedagogical Education students’ within the two-year training and in the process of State Final Examination. The content of the discipline “E-portfolio for presenting and recognizing achievements”, described in the article and designed for Master’s students in pedagogy, is aimed at developing self-assessment skills and professional development of Master’s students of Pedagogical Education.The presented results of self-assessment of universal, general professional and professional competencies development (carried out using e-portfolio materials) of second-year graduate students demonstrate higher constructive and productive levels than the first-year graduate students’ results. This is due to the accumulation of materials confirming their achievements in various activities. The expert assessment of e-portfolio materials before the State Final Examination also indicates an increase in the level of development of the mentioned above competencies.","PeriodicalId":277237,"journal":{"name":"Informatics and education","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126227124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distance learning during the pandemic era: Russian instructors’ experience","authors":"G. Sadykova, O. Severyanov","doi":"10.32517/0234-0453-2023-38-1-72-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32517/0234-0453-2023-38-1-72-82","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on studying Russian university instructors’ experience acquired during the emergency remote learning period in 2020–2021. The need to adjust the development route of the distance learning system determines the topicality of the research. The novelty of the article is determined by significant gaps in scientific literature concerning studying, generalizing, and comprehending such experience.The study employed quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection and processing. Russian university instructors (N = 57) filled in an online questionnaire which aimed to identify the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning. Corpus linguistics methods were used to outline the most common key themes, which made it possible to identify the frequent words employed to describe positive and negative experiences. Responses to open-ended questions were examined using contextual and content analysis.The most significant positive aspects of the online format identified by the respondents included travel time saving, extending the repertoire of teaching strategies and access to visual methods of presenting information thanks to the online platform technological capabilities. This enabled instructors to involve usually silent students in active communication. Moreover, the respondents cited safe communication during the spread of a viral disease as well as students’ constant access to information resources. As for disadvantages, respondents mentioned a marked deterioration in interaction with students due to the lack of personal and/or visual contact, technical communication problems, and labor intensity. Other often cited drawbacks were difficulties in developing practical skills and effectively monitoring students’ knowledge and psychological state, learners’ decreased motivation as well as health problems.Based on the results of the study, the article concludes that it is necessary to improve instructors’ professional competencies and improve technical facilities of educational institutions. This would provide access to and usage of multifunctional distance learning management systems and programs that permit videoconferencing, file sharing and demonstrating multimedia presentations and online materials.The research is relevant as it is important to study and summarize instructors’ positive and negative experience to improve professional development programs, make decisions on purchasing and using equipment and software, and change university development agendas.","PeriodicalId":277237,"journal":{"name":"Informatics and education","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123044698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of digital competencies in the context of digitalization of the education system: The experience of Mari State University","authors":"V. Toktarova, O. V. Rebko","doi":"10.32517/0234-0453-2023-38-1-64-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32517/0234-0453-2023-38-1-64-71","url":null,"abstract":"At the moment, the question of a unified model of digital competencies for teachers remains open both in our country and globally. There are many different approaches to the definition of the concept of “digital competence” and the content of such models. However, the analysis of several models allows us to identify common components and build a single model based on them. This article presents the experience of Mari State University on the creation and implementation of a teachers’ digital competencies model and the development of diagnostic tools for their assessment. The expediency of applying this model of digital competencies in the training of students of pedagogical specialties is established. The problems and challenges associated with the digital transformation of science and education are noted. The description of the magistracy program “Digital pedagogy” is given. This program is based on the model of digital competencies adopted at Mari State University. It provides continuous professional training of teachers capable of working in the conditions of digital transformation, which meets the challenges and needs of both the national program “Digital economy of the Russian Federation” and the “Strategy of digital transformation of economic sectors, social sphere, and public administration of the Mari El Republic”.","PeriodicalId":277237,"journal":{"name":"Informatics and education","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126577145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Educational and methodological materials of the master class “Adversarial attacks on image recognition neural networks” for students and schoolchildren","authors":"D. V. Pantiukhin","doi":"10.32517/0234-0453-2023-38-1-55-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32517/0234-0453-2023-38-1-55-63","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of neural network vulnerability has been the subject of scientific research and experiments for several years. Adversarial attacks are one of the ways to “trick” a neural network, to force it to make incorrect classification decisions. The very possibility of adversarial attack lies in the peculiarities of machine learning of neural networks. The article shows how the properties of neural networks become a source of problems and limitations in their use. The materials of the corresponding researches of the author were used as a basis for the master class “Adversarial attacks on image recognition neural networks”.The article presents the educational materials of the master class: the theoretical background of the class, practical materials (in particular, the attack on a single neuron is described, the fast gradient sign method for attacking a neural network is considered), examples of experiments and calculations (the author uses the convolutional network VGG, Torch and CleverHans libraries), as well as a set of typical errors of students and the teacher’s explanations of how to eliminate these errors. In addition, the result of the experiment is given in the article, and its full code and examples of approbation of the master class materials are available at the above links.The master class is intended for both high school and university students who have learned the basics of neural networks and the Python language, and can also be of practical interest to computer science teachers, to developers of courses on machine learning and artificial intelligence as well as to university teachers.","PeriodicalId":277237,"journal":{"name":"Informatics and education","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122050824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodical approach to the development of the case-based method to create digital accessibility competencies in the e-learning","authors":"Y. Kosova","doi":"10.32517/0234-0453-2023-38-1-33-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32517/0234-0453-2023-38-1-33-44","url":null,"abstract":"The article proposes an approach to the application of case-based method for the creating of digital accessibility competencies in the e-learning. The following method tools have been developed: a scheme for the creating of digital accessibility competencies using the case method, a procedure for solving a case, a template for describing a case and a collection of 11 cases. The original data sets posted in the public domain were used as empirical material for situational tasks. These data sets contained the results of: expert assessment of the e-learning digital accessibility; analysis of the students’ needs in e-learning digital accessibility; assessment of the teachers’ motivation and readiness for providing e-learning digital accessibility; analysis of the content of digital accessibility web services; analysis of the regulatory bases in e-learning digital accessibility. During the solving of each case, students should perform their own study of the data set according to the task, compare the results with those published earlier, and, if possible, identify additional patterns. In teaching the basics of digital accessibility, it is advisable to combine the case-based method with traditional forms of learning (lectures, traditional practical work and testing). The developed tools can be used by teachers to design their own situational tasks using open data.","PeriodicalId":277237,"journal":{"name":"Informatics and education","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131100191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Half a century of digital renewal of the Russian school in the light of the researcher’s biography. To the 80th anniversary of A. Yu. Uvarov","authors":"A. L. Semenov, A. Abylkassymova, V. A. Vardanyan, S. Grigoriev, V. Grinshkun, S. Karakozov, S. Lovyagin, T. A. Rudchenko","doi":"10.32517/0234-0453-2023-38-1-5-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32517/0234-0453-2023-38-1-5-22","url":null,"abstract":"The penetration of computer technology in general education in our country started more than half a century ago. Alexander Yurievich Uvarov was among those who started the work in the field of digital renewal of education. Today he is the Doctor of Sciences (Education), Professor at the Institute of Education of the National Research University Higher School of Economics, leading researcher at the Axel Berg Institute of Cybernetics and Educational Computing of the Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, laureate of the RF Government Prize in Education, long-time member of the editorial board of Informatics and Education journal. A. Yu. Uvarov made a significant contribution to the development of school informatics. His organizational activities and research largely determined the reality and future prospects for the digitalization of the national school. It is necessary to emphasize the importance and scientific significance of the research carried out by A. Yu. Uvarov.In January 2023, he turned eighty years old. The biography of this researcher, well known in Russia and abroad, reflects, as in a mirror, the half-century history of the digital renewal of the Russian school.","PeriodicalId":277237,"journal":{"name":"Informatics and education","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126168132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The structure of the parameters and the methodology of the application of the model for forming the learning profile “Diamond of Personality”","authors":"M. E. Kushnir, P. Rabinovich, K. E. Zavedenskiy","doi":"10.32517/0234-0453-2022-37-6-30-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32517/0234-0453-2022-37-6-30-36","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the structure of the parameters of the evaluation of the educational result and the methodology of applying the model of the learning profile of the personality “Diamond of Personality” in organizations of general and additional education of children. The model is designed considering the balance of complexity and productivity of the measuring instrument.The relevance of the article is due to the new challenges facing the education system in the form of parameters of the national project “Education”, where it is necessary to develop individual learning technologies, identify and develop gifted children, and enter the top 10 world leaders in comparative indicators. In the world today, emphasis is placed on competence-type tasks that require an active approach. There are already many tools for the formation and development of active learning behavior, but not all of them work well. The authors propose a convergent model for the formation of an learning profile that claims to be effective for solving these tasks.The purpose of the research described in the article is to develop a model of the learning profile of a person for managing learning activities and developing personal potential, suitable for supporting learning subjectivity.The novelty of the model is determined by its structure (based on a combination of formal and informal (reflexive) assessment parameters) and the methodology of application, ensuring the balance of “complexity-usefulness of the tool”, as well as the focus on the development of learning activity (subjectivity, agency). Atypical are the use of qualitative assessments of the educational result for formal evaluation, as well as the evaluation process itself based on specially described (tagged) educational tasks (instead of evaluating “for compliance with the sample”). At the same time, the model can be applied simultaneously with traditional assessment systems and does not contradict them.The practical significance of the “Diamond of Personality” model lies in of additional tools for assessing the educational result, which appear because of processing formal assessments of the proposed model. In the informal part, the traditionally difficult task of organizing reflection is facilitated by the presence of a supporting structure. The effectiveness and productivity of the model is currently being tested by the participants of the pilot project. The model is assumed to be the basis of a digital learning profile of a mixed type — formal-reflexive.","PeriodicalId":277237,"journal":{"name":"Informatics and education","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117134943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}