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GSBE research memoranda最新文献

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One Belt, One Road, One Way? 一带一路一路?
GSBE research memoranda Pub Date : 2020-09-15 DOI: 10.26481/UMAGSB.2020024
Karsten Mau, Rosalie Seuren
{"title":"One Belt, One Road, One Way?","authors":"Karsten Mau, Rosalie Seuren","doi":"10.26481/UMAGSB.2020024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26481/UMAGSB.2020024","url":null,"abstract":"We analyze the trade effects of a new unfolding transport infrastructure in connection with China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Using panel data for the years 1996-2018, featuring 27 exporting countries and 96 industries, we exploit variation in the timing and number of railway connections to estimate whether European countries benefit from increased export revenues and product variety of their shipments to China. We find that both increase and that also indirectly connected countries benefit. Using additional data on the mode of transport, we find that industries with intermediate time-sensitivity appear to increase their utilization of rail-freight to China the most and confirm that the overall increase in exports is driven by these industries.","PeriodicalId":275677,"journal":{"name":"GSBE research memoranda","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131625772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Is there an opportunity-performance trade-off in secondary education? 中学教育是否存在机会与表现的权衡关系?
GSBE research memoranda Pub Date : 2020-07-27 DOI: 10.26481/umagsb.2020022
P. Bles, R. Velden, Roel J. Ariës
{"title":"Is there an opportunity-performance trade-off in secondary education?","authors":"P. Bles, R. Velden, Roel J. Ariës","doi":"10.26481/umagsb.2020022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26481/umagsb.2020022","url":null,"abstract":"Schools in secondary education face a dilemma. On the one hand, they would like to offer all students opportunities to develop their talent, and on the other hand they want to safeguard a minimum performance level. In tracked systems, this dilemma becomes more consequential as misallocation of students could lead to either denying access to a more optimal track or to lower performance of students that are placed too high. Based on data from the Netherlands Cohort Study on Education (NCO) from 2010 to 2017, we find that only for 55% of schools there is a trade-off between opportunity and performance. These schools show a relative preference for either opportunity or performance. However, in the other schools, opportunity and performance are optimised at the same time; this dimension is related to the quality of the school. While controlling for the school’s potential student population, we show which school characteristics are associated with the relative preference and quality dimensions.","PeriodicalId":275677,"journal":{"name":"GSBE research memoranda","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134639035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Living preferences of STEM workers in a high-tech business park of a peripheral region 周边地区高新技术产业园STEM工作者的生活偏好
GSBE research memoranda Pub Date : 2020-05-18 DOI: 10.26481/umagsb.2020016
Inge Hooijen, F. Cörvers
{"title":"Living preferences of STEM workers in a high-tech business park of a peripheral region","authors":"Inge Hooijen, F. Cörvers","doi":"10.26481/umagsb.2020016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26481/umagsb.2020016","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the importance of STEM workers to regional economies, scientists and policymakers have a limited understanding of how to recruit this scarce target group, particularly in offering an attractive living environment. This case study uses self-reported overall life satisfaction to explore the living preferences of STEM workers employed at a high-tech business park (HTBP) in a demographically shrinking region in the southern periphery of the Netherlands. We argue that individuals’ self-evaluation of life satisfaction is a proxy for their individual utility and thereby indicates the preferred features of the geographical unit in which they reside. We relate the survey data of 420 employees at the business park to the specific characteristics of the municipalities they live in, complemented by qualitative data from 32 semi-structured interviews with these workers. We conclude that the average STEM worker at the HTBP prefers to reside in places of lower extraversion, which are often characterized by a suburban lifestyle, green areas, and open spaces, including a little touch of consumer amenities.","PeriodicalId":275677,"journal":{"name":"GSBE research memoranda","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131849247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From school to where? How social class, skills, aspirations, and resilience explain unsuccessful school-to-work transitions 从学校到哪里?社会阶层、技能、抱负和适应能力如何解释不成功的从学校到工作的转变
GSBE research memoranda Pub Date : 2020-04-23 DOI: 10.26481/UMAGSB.2020013
A. Dicks, Mark Levels, R. Velden
{"title":"From school to where? How social class, skills, aspirations, and resilience explain unsuccessful school-to-work transitions","authors":"A. Dicks, Mark Levels, R. Velden","doi":"10.26481/UMAGSB.2020013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26481/UMAGSB.2020013","url":null,"abstract":"The school-to-work transition is one of the formative phases in the life course. During it, many important decisions are made. We use sequence analysis and logistic regression to study why some young people become NEET (Not in Employment, Education, or Training). We find that classical stratification variables such as higher parental education and higher education increase the probabilities for a successful school-to-work transition. In addition, we hypothesized that alignment of educational attainment and occupational aspirations as well as personality should play a role in this process. While we do not find evidence for an additional effect of alignment, we do find one for resilient personality. We also test hypotheses of mediation and moderation. We find that there is significant mediation of social class via youth’s education, but not via aspirational alignment or personality. We also find that education and personality can partly compensate for a low social class background.","PeriodicalId":275677,"journal":{"name":"GSBE research memoranda","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122724242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
When Time Matters: Eastern Europe's Response to Chinese Competition 时间决定一切:东欧对中国竞争的反应
GSBE research memoranda Pub Date : 2020-03-03 DOI: 10.26481/umagsb.20007
Andrea Ciani, Karsten Mau
{"title":"When Time Matters: Eastern Europe's Response to Chinese Competition","authors":"Andrea Ciani, Karsten Mau","doi":"10.26481/umagsb.20007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26481/umagsb.20007","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents evidence in support of a novel source of comparative advantage that arises from geographic proximity between trading partners and differential importance of timely delivery across industries (i.e. time-sensitivity). To test this channel, we investigate adjustments to Chinese export competition by a group of Eastern and Southeastern European (ESE) countries within EU15 destination-product markets. We rely on instrumental variables to extract exogenous variation in the expansion of Chinese export supply capacity across products and destinations. While finding sizable displacements effects materializing in terms of both export revenues and quantities, they appear to be about 50 percent smaller for time-sensitive exports. We further show that distance between trade partners determines this differential effect. Results based on firm-level customs data for a single ESE country support these findings. Overall, we observe that geographic proximity can shield firms from external competition in specific industries.","PeriodicalId":275677,"journal":{"name":"GSBE research memoranda","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129358712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The geographical psychology of recent graduates in the Netherlands: Relating enviornmental factors and personality traits to location choice 荷兰应届毕业生的地理心理学:环境因素和人格特征与地点选择的关系
GSBE research memoranda Pub Date : 2020-02-17 DOI: 10.26481/UMAGSB.2020003
Inge Hooijen, I. Bijlsma, F. Cörvers, Davey Poulissen
{"title":"The geographical psychology of recent graduates in the Netherlands: Relating enviornmental factors and personality traits to location choice","authors":"Inge Hooijen, I. Bijlsma, F. Cörvers, Davey Poulissen","doi":"10.26481/UMAGSB.2020003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26481/UMAGSB.2020003","url":null,"abstract":"There is ample evidence from different research disciplines that location factors such as employment opportunities or the availability of amenities and facilities are a powerful predictor of settlement behaviour. Recent research suggests that citizens’ mean personality traits could be an additional predictor of where young people settle. We therefore explore 1) the extent to which recent graduates in the Netherlands are geographically clustered with respect to five different personality traits, 2) whether the geographical clustering of graduates is intensified as they grow older, 3) how regional environmental characteristics are related to personality traits, and 4) the extent to which personality traits play a role in graduates’ location choices. Our results reveal a distinct geographical clustering of personality traits among the different regions in the Netherlands. We also show that this geographical clustering becomes more blurred as graduates age. The results furthermore show robust associations between personality traits and several environmental characteristics with respect to demographic, economic, health, political, sociocultural, crime, and religious outcomes. In addition, we show that personality traits play a role in graduates’ location choices. Economic factors seem to have a larger impact in determining location choices than personality traits.","PeriodicalId":275677,"journal":{"name":"GSBE research memoranda","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132746868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Effectively Involving Low-SES Parents in Human Capital Development: Evidence from a Field Experiment 低社会经济地位父母有效参与人力资本开发:来自实地实验的证据
GSBE research memoranda Pub Date : 2019-10-08 DOI: 10.26481/umagsb.2019025
C. Haelermans, J. Ghysels
{"title":"Effectively Involving Low-SES Parents in Human Capital Development: Evidence from a Field Experiment","authors":"C. Haelermans, J. Ghysels","doi":"10.26481/umagsb.2019025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26481/umagsb.2019025","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we analyze the effect of involving parents in human capital investment. We study the effect of a parental app on student effort in a digital homework practice tool, and its effect on subsequent human capital development. The randomized field experiment includes more than 2000 7-9 grade students of 2 schools and we specifically focus on different socio-economic status (SES) groups. The results indicate that parental involvement via an app positively affects effort and human capital development of 7th and 8th grade students, but not of 9th grade students. The positive effects are mainly driven by low-SES students and are larger for males.","PeriodicalId":275677,"journal":{"name":"GSBE research memoranda","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131041371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Educational and occupational aspirations at the end of secondary school: The importance of regional labour-market conditions 中学毕业时的教育和职业愿望:区域劳动力市场条件的重要性
GSBE research memoranda Pub Date : 2019-07-02 DOI: 10.26481/UMAGSB.2019019
Andreas Hartung, K. Wessling, Steffen Hillmert
{"title":"Educational and occupational aspirations at the end of secondary school: The importance of regional labour-market conditions","authors":"Andreas Hartung, K. Wessling, Steffen Hillmert","doi":"10.26481/UMAGSB.2019019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26481/UMAGSB.2019019","url":null,"abstract":"The transition from general schooling to vocational training or to the labour market marks a crucial threshold in the life course of young adults. It has been well documented that successful school-to-work transitions are influenced by (regional) labour-market conditions. However, what has been rather neglected is that before actual transitions take place, adolescents need to make plans and evaluate their wishes and choices against the background of existing constraints. (Regional) labour-market conditions are a part of such constraints. This paper complements previous research by focusing on the impact of the regional labour market on students’ educational and occupational aspirations before school-to-work transitions take place. Regionalised administrative data on unemployment is linked with survey data from the Starting Cohort 4 of the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS-SC4). Results indicate that a relatively higher level of regional unemployment is associated with aspirations for higher-status occupations. Their status aspiration push students towards continuing general school to obtain higher general qualifications. The effects vary with the attended secondary school track and with parents’ educational aspirations for their children.","PeriodicalId":275677,"journal":{"name":"GSBE research memoranda","volume":"311 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133115694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Incentives or Persuasion? An Experimental Investigation 激励还是说服?实验研究
GSBE research memoranda Pub Date : 2019-04-16 DOI: 10.26481/UMAGSB.2019012
A. Aristidou, G. Coricelli, A. Vostroknutov
{"title":"Incentives or Persuasion? An Experimental Investigation","authors":"A. Aristidou, G. Coricelli, A. Vostroknutov","doi":"10.26481/UMAGSB.2019012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26481/UMAGSB.2019012","url":null,"abstract":"There are two theoretically parallel ways in which principals can manipulate agents’ choices: with monetary incentives (mechanism design) or Bayesian persuasion (information design). We are interested in whether incentives or persuasion is a better strategy for principals. We conduct an experiment that investigates the behavioral side of the theoretical parallelism between these approaches. We find that principals are more successful when persuading than when incentivizing. Agents appear to be more demanding in mechanism design than in information design. Our analysis also identifies many features that make mechanism and information design behaviorally distinct in practice.","PeriodicalId":275677,"journal":{"name":"GSBE research memoranda","volume":"206 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132074102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Existence of justifiable equilibrium 正当均衡的存在性
GSBE research memoranda Pub Date : 2018-05-17 DOI: 10.26481/UMAGSB.2018016
J. Flesch, Dries Vermeulen, Anna Zseleva
{"title":"Existence of justifiable equilibrium","authors":"J. Flesch, Dries Vermeulen, Anna Zseleva","doi":"10.26481/UMAGSB.2018016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26481/UMAGSB.2018016","url":null,"abstract":"We present a general existence result for a type of equilibrium in normal-form games. We consider nonzero-sum normal-form games with an arbitrary number of players and arbitrary action spaces. We impose merely one condition: the payoff function of each player is bounded. We allow players to use finitely additive probability measures as mixed strategies. Since we do not assume any measurability conditions, for a given strategy profile the expected payoff is generally not uniquely defined, and integration theory only provides an upper bound, the upper integral, and a lower bound, the lower integral. A strategy profile is called a justifiable equilibrium if each player evaluates this profile by the upper integral, and each player evaluates all his possible deviations by the lower integral. We show that a justifiable equilibrium always exists. Our equilibrium concept and existence result are motivated by Vasquez (2017), who defines a conceptually related equilibrium notion, and shows its existence under the conditions of finitely many players, separable metric action spaces and bounded Borel measurable payoff functions. Our proof borrows several ideas from Vasquez (2017), but is more direct as it does not make use of countably additive representations of finitely additive measures by Yosida and Hewitt (1952).","PeriodicalId":275677,"journal":{"name":"GSBE research memoranda","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127804527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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