The Seismic Record最新文献_第7页

Basement Fault Activation before Larger Earthquakes in Oklahoma and Kansas 俄克拉何马州和堪萨斯州大地震前的基底断层活动

The Seismic Record Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1785/0320220020

Yongsook Park, G. Beroza, W. Ellsworth

{"title":"Basement Fault Activation before Larger Earthquakes in Oklahoma and Kansas","authors":"Yongsook Park, G. Beroza, W. Ellsworth","doi":"10.1785/0320220020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0320220020","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Oklahoma and Kansas experienced unprecedented seismic activity over the past decade due to earthquakes associated with unconventional hydrocarbon development. The modest natural seismicity and incomplete knowledge of the fault network in the region made it difficult to anticipate the locations of earthquakes with larger magnitudes (Mw≥4). Here, we show that monitoring of microearthquakes at regional scale using a pretrained neural phase picker and an earthquake relocation algorithm can illuminate unknown fault structures, and deliver information that can be synthesized for earthquake forecasting. We found that 80% of the larger earthquakes that occurred in the past decade could have been anticipated based on the spatial extent of the seismicity clusters that were formed before these earthquakes occurred. We also found that once a seismicity cluster with a length scale enough to host a larger earthquake was formed, there was a ∼5% chance that it would host one or more larger earthquakes within a year. This probability is nearly an order of magnitude higher than one based on Gutenberg–Richter statistics and preceding seismicity. Applying our approach in practice can provide critical information on seismic hazards for risk management and regulatory decision making.","PeriodicalId":273018,"journal":{"name":"The Seismic Record","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128928852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Aftershocks Preferentially Occur in Previously Active Areas 余震优先发生在以前的活跃区

The Seismic Record Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1785/0320220005

M. Page, N. J. van der Elst

引用次数: 6

The 27 February 2022 Lop Nor Earthquake: Detectability, Location, and Discrimination 2022年2月27日罗布泊地震:可探测性、定位和判别

The Seismic Record Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1785/0320220018

S. Gibbons, E. Chaves, M. Fisk

{"title":"The 27 February 2022 Lop Nor Earthquake: Detectability, Location, and Discrimination","authors":"S. Gibbons, E. Chaves, M. Fisk","doi":"10.1785/0320220018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0320220018","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A seismic event with mb 4.8 (Mw 4.2) was detected close to the Chinese Lop Nor nuclear test site on 27 February 2022. Waveforms recorded at regional and far regional distances in central Asia indicate greater likeness with previous earthquakes in the region than with historical nuclear tests. We investigate signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at regional and global stations, and find the best signals in central Asia and Alaska. Lower SNR at stations in China, Europe, and Australia is likely related to the radiation pattern. A joint probabilistic location of the 2022 event and well-constrained historical nuclear tests indicates an epicenter near 41.88° N and 88.10° E, about 25 km northwest of the tunnel portion of the test site. A moment tensor inversion using high-quality regional signals indicates a nearly deviatoric source with a 72% double couple and a reverse fault mechanism. The centroid depth is 20–25 km, consistent with depth phases recorded in Alaska. The observed faulting geometry and source composition for the 2022 Lop Nor event is consistent with previous earthquakes in the region and the spatial alignment of local geomorphological features, indicating tectonic and not anthropogenic origin.","PeriodicalId":273018,"journal":{"name":"The Seismic Record","volume":"150 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130930998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Far Side of Mars: Two Distant Marsquakes Detected by InSight 火星背面:洞察号探测到的两次遥远的火星地震

The Seismic Record Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1785/0320220007

A. Horleston, J. Clinton, S. Ceylan, D. Giardini, C. Charalambous, J. Irving, P. Lognonné, S. Stähler, G. Zenhäusern, N. Dahmen, C. Durán, T. Kawamura, Amir Khan, Doyeon Kim, M. Plasman, F. Euchner, C. Beghein, É. Beucler, Quancheng Huang, M. Knapmeyer, B. Knapmeyer‐Endrun, V. Lekić, Jiaqi Li, C. Perrin, M. Schimmel, N. Schmerr, A. Stott, É. Stutzmann, N. Teanby, Zongbo Xu, M. Panning, W. Banerdt

{"title":"The Far Side of Mars: Two Distant Marsquakes Detected by InSight","authors":"A. Horleston, J. Clinton, S. Ceylan, D. Giardini, C. Charalambous, J. Irving, P. Lognonné, S. Stähler, G. Zenhäusern, N. Dahmen, C. Durán, T. Kawamura, Amir Khan, Doyeon Kim, M. Plasman, F. Euchner, C. Beghein, É. Beucler, Quancheng Huang, M. Knapmeyer, B. Knapmeyer‐Endrun, V. Lekić, Jiaqi Li, C. Perrin, M. Schimmel, N. Schmerr, A. Stott, É. Stutzmann, N. Teanby, Zongbo Xu, M. Panning, W. Banerdt","doi":"10.1785/0320220007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0320220007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 For over three Earth years the Marsquake Service has been analyzing the data sent back from the Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure—the seismometer placed on the surface of Mars by NASA’s InSight lander. Although by October 2021, the Mars seismic catalog included 951 events, until recently all these events have been assessed as lying within a radius of 100° of InSight. Here we report two distant events that occurred within days of each other, located on the far side of Mars, giving us our first glimpse into Mars’ core shadow zone. The first event, recorded on 25 August 2021 (InSight sol 976), shows clear polarized arrivals that we interpret to be PP and SS phases at low frequencies and locates to Valles Marineris, 146° ± 7° from InSight. The second event, occurring on 18 September 2021 (sol 1000), has significantly more broadband energy with emergent PP and SS arrivals, and a weak phase arriving before PP that we interpret as Pdiff. Considering uncertain pick times and poorly constrained travel times for Pdiff, we estimate this event is at a distance between 107° and 147° from InSight. With magnitudes of MwMa 4.2 and 4.1, respectively, these are the largest seismic events recorded so far on Mars.","PeriodicalId":273018,"journal":{"name":"The Seismic Record","volume":"457 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124328357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

3D Shear Wave Velocity Model of Salt Lake Valley via Rayleigh Wave Ellipticity across a Temporary Geophone Array 基于瑞利波椭圆度的盐湖谷三维横波速度模型

The Seismic Record Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1785/0320220016

Qicheng Zeng, F. Lin, A. Allam

引用次数: 0

The 14 December 2021 Mw 4.9 Offshore Jeju Island, Korea, Earthquake: Seismological Observation of an Intraplate Earthquake Provides Insight into Regional Seismotectonics 2021年12月14日韩国济州岛近海发生的Mw 4.9地震:一次板内地震的地震学观测提供了对区域地震构造的洞察

The Seismic Record Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1785/0320220012

Won-Young Kim, Jun Yong Park, Minyoung Seo, Young Oh Son, Hobin Lim, Sangwoo Han, Younghee Kim

{"title":"The 14 December 2021 Mw 4.9 Offshore Jeju Island, Korea, Earthquake: Seismological Observation of an Intraplate Earthquake Provides Insight into Regional Seismotectonics","authors":"Won-Young Kim, Jun Yong Park, Minyoung Seo, Young Oh Son, Hobin Lim, Sangwoo Han, Younghee Kim","doi":"10.1785/0320220012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0320220012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Mw 4.9 Offshore Jeju Island, Korea, earthquake of 14 December 2021 is the most significant event that occurred close to the young intraplate volcano on the continental shelf south of the Korean Peninsula. About 185 small earthquakes occurred during nine days following the mainshock. We accurately located 39 events despite limited station azimuthal coverage. We found that the mainshock ruptured along a ∼1.4 km long fault striking east–west (275°) and triggered two distinct clusters in the north–northeast direction. The mainshock is pure strike-slip faulting on the vertical plane. Its horizontal P axis strikes 50°, which differs substantially from the average trend of ∼70° for earthquakes in the southern Korean Peninsula. However, it is consistent with the P-axes orientation of shallow earthquakes in the offshore western Kyushu and along Okinawa trough. The 2021 Offshore Jeju Island earthquake may be the first significant earthquake in southern Korea–East China Sea continental shelf to date, whose causative fault is well constrained by accurate aftershock locations and detailed space–time analysis of the earthquake sequence. This earthquake may represent intraplate deformation in response to the tectonic evolution of the Philippine Sea plate, which is manifested through volcanic activities.","PeriodicalId":273018,"journal":{"name":"The Seismic Record","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127958010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Improved Resolution across the Global Seismographic Network: A New Era in Low-Frequency Seismology 全球地震台网分辨率的提高:低频地震学的新时代

The Seismic Record Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1785/0320220008

A. Ringler, R. Anthony, P. Davis, C. Ebeling, Katrin Hafner, R. Mellors, S. Schneider, D. Wilson

{"title":"Improved Resolution across the Global Seismographic Network: A New Era in Low-Frequency Seismology","authors":"A. Ringler, R. Anthony, P. Davis, C. Ebeling, Katrin Hafner, R. Mellors, S. Schneider, D. Wilson","doi":"10.1785/0320220008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0320220008","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Global Seismographic Network (GSN)—a global network of ≈150 very broadband stations—is used by researchers to study the free oscillations of the Earth (≈0.3–10 mHz) following large earthquakes. Normal-mode observations can provide information about the radial density and anisotropic velocity structure of the Earth (including near the core–mantle boundary), but only when signal-to-noise ratios at very low frequencies are sufficiently high. Most normal-mode observations in the past three decades have been made using Streckeisen STS-1 vault seismometers. However, these sensors are no longer being manufactured or serviced. Candidate replacement sensors, the Streckeisen STS-6 and the Nanometrics T-360GSN, have been recently installed in boreholes, postholes, and vaults at several GSN stations and GSN testbeds. In this study, we examine normal-mode spectra following three Mw 8 earthquakes in 2021 and from one Mw 8.2 earthquake in 2014 to evaluate the change in GSN low-frequency performance on the vertical component. From this analysis, we conclude that the number of GSN stations capable of resolving normal modes following Mw 8 earthquakes has nearly doubled since 2014. The improved observational capabilities will help better understand the radial velocity and density estimates of the Earth.","PeriodicalId":273018,"journal":{"name":"The Seismic Record","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114897756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Stress Drop Variations of Induced Earthquakes near the Dallas–Fort Worth Airport, Texas 德克萨斯州达拉斯-沃斯堡机场附近诱发地震的应力降变化

The Seismic Record Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1785/0320220003

S. Jeong, B. Stump, H. DeShon

引用次数: 2

On the Depth of Earthquakes in the Delaware Basin: A Case Study along the Reeves–Pecos County Line 特拉华盆地地震深度研究:以里夫斯-佩科斯县为例

The Seismic Record Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1785/0320210048

Y. Sheng, K. Pepin, W. Ellsworth

{"title":"On the Depth of Earthquakes in the Delaware Basin: A Case Study along the Reeves–Pecos County Line","authors":"Y. Sheng, K. Pepin, W. Ellsworth","doi":"10.1785/0320210048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0320210048","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Increased rates of seismicity in the Delaware basin, Texas, accompanying unconventional petroleum development have created intensive interest in determining their cause. Detailed and accurate spatial distribution of seismicity and focal mechanisms are critical components for understanding the underlying industrial processes responsible for inducing seismicity. We focus on a highly seismically active area straddling the Reeves–Pecos County line where two TexNet stations sit atop the seismicity, which includes 21 ML 3+ events from 2017 to 2020 (Advanced National Seismic System Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog). Short epicentral distance enables us to reliably estimate the hypocentral depth using seismic phase picks and standard location methods. We use a deep-learning-based method to detect earthquakes and time the phase arrivals. Hypocentral locations computed in a velocity model constrained by local well data reveal that the seismicity concentrates between 1.5 and 2.5 km below ground in the Delaware Mountain Group, the primary wastewater disposal zone at this location. Waveform inversions for the moment tensor and focal depth independently confirm the shallow depths. The moment tensor solutions define critically stressed high-angle normal faults, suggesting a causal connection between injection and seismicity.","PeriodicalId":273018,"journal":{"name":"The Seismic Record","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117283848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Surface Rupture on a Secondary Fault Associated with the 8 August 2020 Mw 5.1 Sparta North Carolina Earthquake 与2020年8月8日北卡罗来纳州斯巴达5.1兆瓦地震有关的次级断层表面破裂

The Seismic Record Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1785/0320210044

C. Wicks, J. Chiu

引用次数: 3