The Seismic Record最新文献

Seismic Node Arrays for Enhanced Understanding and Monitoring of Geothermal Systems 加强对地热系统的了解和监测的地震节点阵列

The Seismic Record Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1785/0320240019

T. Hudson, T. Kettlety, J. Kendall, Tom O’Toole, A. Jupe, Robin K. Shail, Augusta Grand

{"title":"Seismic Node Arrays for Enhanced Understanding and Monitoring of Geothermal Systems","authors":"T. Hudson, T. Kettlety, J. Kendall, Tom O’Toole, A. Jupe, Robin K. Shail, Augusta Grand","doi":"10.1785/0320240019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0320240019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Harnessing geothermal energy will likely play a critical role in reducing global CO2 emissions. However, exploration, development, and monitoring of geothermal systems remain challenging. Here, we explore how recent low-cost seismic node instrumentation advances might enhance geothermal exploration and monitoring. We show the results from 450 nodes deployed at a geothermal prospect in Cornwall, United Kingdom. First, we demonstrate how the nodes can be used to monitor the spatiotemporal and size distribution of induced seismicity. Second, we use focal mechanisms, shear-wave source polarities, and anisotropy to indicate how the dense passive seismic observations might provide enhanced insight into the stress state of the geothermal systems. All the methods are fully automated, essential for processing the data from many receivers. In our example case study, we find that the injection-site fracture orientations significantly differ from that of the crust above and the regional stress state. These observations agree well with fracture orientations inferred from independent well-log data, exemplifying how the nodes can provide new insight for understanding the geothermal systems. Finally, we discuss the limitations of nodes and the role they might play in hybrid seismic monitoring going forward. Overall, our results emphasize the important role that low-cost, easy-to-deploy dense nodal arrays can play in geothermal exploration and operation.","PeriodicalId":273018,"journal":{"name":"The Seismic Record","volume":"52 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141842975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of Near-Surface Attenuation from Surface Array-Based Seismic Noise Data and Borehole Weak-Motion Recordings at the STIN Test Site in Northeastern Italy 意大利东北部 STIN 试验场基于地表阵列的地震噪声数据与钻孔弱震记录的近地表衰减比较

The Seismic Record Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1785/0320230055

Ilaria Dreossi, S. Parolai

{"title":"Comparison of Near-Surface Attenuation from Surface Array-Based Seismic Noise Data and Borehole Weak-Motion Recordings at the STIN Test Site in Northeastern Italy","authors":"Ilaria Dreossi, S. Parolai","doi":"10.1785/0320230055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0320230055","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Seismic wave attenuation and the related shear-wave quality factor (QS) in the near surface are crucial parameters for ground motion simulations and seismic hazard assessments. Although recent approaches developed to calculate QS from seismic noise acquired by surface arrays have been accepted for practice, additional testing and comparison of results estimated using various geophysical methods are still necessary to verify the reliability of such techniques. This work presents the results of an experiment conducted at the STIN site in northeastern Italy, which is equipped with a 100 m deep instrumented borehole. A seismic noise campaign was implemented by installing a temporary independent local surface array of seismological stations. The gathered data were used to initially estimate the shear-wave velocity (VS) profile and frequency-dependent Rayleigh-wave attenuation, and subsequently determine the QS factor via a linearized inversion method. The study compares these findings with the VS and QS values derived from analyzing weak-motion events recorded by two permanent seismic sensors positioned at the top and bottom of the well. The results confirm the potential of the inversion procedure used to obtain QS from local-scale seismic noise arrays as a promising approach for conducting attenuation studies at the local level in less geologically complex sites.","PeriodicalId":273018,"journal":{"name":"The Seismic Record","volume":"75 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140794690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deformed Latest Pleistocene Fluvial Terraces Reveal Complex Active Faulting within Tectonic Transition Zone, Mendocino Triple Junction, Northern California 北加州门多西诺三交界处构造过渡带内变形的更新世晚期冲积地层揭示了复杂的活动断裂作用

The Seismic Record Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1785/0320230043

Sylvia R. Nicovich, M. Hemphill-Haley, Thomas Leroy

{"title":"Deformed Latest Pleistocene Fluvial Terraces Reveal Complex Active Faulting within Tectonic Transition Zone, Mendocino Triple Junction, Northern California","authors":"Sylvia R. Nicovich, M. Hemphill-Haley, Thomas Leroy","doi":"10.1785/0320230043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0320230043","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The transition between the San Andreas fault (SAF) system and the southern Cascadia subduction zone (CSZ) at the Mendocino Triple Junction (MTJ) encompasses a broad zone of complex deformation, the Mendocino deformation zone. Here, there are discrepancies between types of geological structures (transform or thrust faults) and recorded geodetic velocity vectors of plate motion. Though SAF-type stress is recorded north of the MTJ, there has been little geological evidence for resultant strain at these latitudes on the coast. We focus on the Van Duzen fault (VDF)—a possible subsidiary fault of the Little Salmon fault system, one of the southernmost active thrust faults within the onshore fold and thrust belt associated with CSZ. The VDF deforms young river terraces of varying age, which we use to develop a relative-age framework to contextualize activity along the VDF. Geomorphic analysis and a paleoseismic excavation across the VDF display deformation attributed to compressional stresses, which postdates young (3–11 ka) terrace deposition, at roughly 0.06–0.38 mm/yr. We hypothesize that the transition between CSZ and SAF tectonic regimes is geologically manifest through the orientation of compressional structures (i.e., VDF), which may illuminate dynamics associated with the migrating triple junction, past and present.","PeriodicalId":273018,"journal":{"name":"The Seismic Record","volume":"56 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140517654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revealing the Secrets of the Western Mediterranean: A Deep Earthquake and the Overturned Slab 揭开西地中海的秘密：深层地震和翻转的山体

The Seismic Record Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1785/0320230049

Daoyuan Sun, Meghan S. Miller

引用次数: 0

Making Phase-Picking Neural Networks More Consistent and Interpretable 让相位选择神经网络更一致、更易解读

The Seismic Record Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1785/0320230054

Yongsoo Park, Brent Delbridge, David R. Shelly

引用次数: 0

Distinct Yet Adjacent Earthquake Sequences near the Mendocino Triple Junction: 20 December 2021 Mw 6.1 and 6.0 Petrolia, and 20 December 2022 Mw 6.4 Ferndale 门多西诺三交界处附近不同但相邻的地震序列：2021 年 12 月 20 日威力 6.1 级和 6.0 级 Petrolia 地震，以及 2022 年 12 月 20 日威力 6.4 级 Ferndale 地震

The Seismic Record Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1785/0320230053

Clara E. Yoon, David R. Shelly

{"title":"Distinct Yet Adjacent Earthquake Sequences near the Mendocino Triple Junction: 20 December 2021 Mw 6.1 and 6.0 Petrolia, and 20 December 2022 Mw 6.4 Ferndale","authors":"Clara E. Yoon, David R. Shelly","doi":"10.1785/0320230053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0320230053","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Two earthquake sequences occurred a year apart at the Mendocino Triple Junction in northern California: first the 20 December 2021 Mw 6.1 and 6.0 Petrolia sequence, then the 20 December 2022 Mw 6.4 Ferndale sequence. To delineate active faults and understand the relationship between these sequences, we applied an automated deep-learning workflow to create enhanced and relocated earthquake catalogs for both the sequences. The enhanced catalog newly identified more than 14,000 M 0–2 earthquakes and also found 852 of 860 already cataloged events. We found that deep-learning and template-matching approaches complement each other to improve catalog completeness because deep learning finds more M 0–2 background seismicity, whereas template-matching finds the smallest M < 0 events near already known events. The enhanced catalog revealed that the 2021 Petrolia and 2022 Ferndale sequences were distinct in space and time, but adjacent in space. Though both the sequences happened in the downgoing Gorda slab, the shallower Ferndale sequence ruptured within the uppermost slab near the subduction interface, while the onshore Petrolia sequence occurred deeper in the mantle. Deep-learning-enhanced earthquake catalogs could help monitor evolving earthquake sequences, identify detailed seismogenic fault structures, and understand space–time variations in earthquake rupture and sequence behavior in a complex tectonic setting.","PeriodicalId":273018,"journal":{"name":"The Seismic Record","volume":"36 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140517972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Paleoseismology of the Sawtooth Fault and Implications for Fault Behavior in the Epicentral Region of the 2020 Mw 6.5 Stanley, Idaho, Earthquake 锯齿断层古地震学及对 2020 年爱达荷州斯坦利 6.5 级地震震中地区断层行为的影响

The Seismic Record Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1785/0320230045

C. DuRoss, Z. Lifton, A. Hatem, Richard W. Briggs, Jessica A. Thompson Jobe, N. Reitman, G. Thackray, M. Zellman, Camille Collett, Harrison J. Gray, Shannon M. Mahan

{"title":"Paleoseismology of the Sawtooth Fault and Implications for Fault Behavior in the Epicentral Region of the 2020 Mw 6.5 Stanley, Idaho, Earthquake","authors":"C. DuRoss, Z. Lifton, A. Hatem, Richard W. Briggs, Jessica A. Thompson Jobe, N. Reitman, G. Thackray, M. Zellman, Camille Collett, Harrison J. Gray, Shannon M. Mahan","doi":"10.1785/0320230045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0320230045","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The 2020 moment magnitude (Mw) 6.5 Stanley, Idaho, earthquake raised questions about the history and extent of complex faulting in the northwestern Centennial Tectonic Belt (CTB) and its relation to the Sawtooth normal fault and Eocene Trans-Challis fault system (TCFS). To explore faulting in this area, we excavated a paleoseismic trench across the Sawtooth fault along the western margin of the CTB, and compared an early Holocene (9.1 ± 2.1 ka, 1σ) rupture at the site with lacustrine paleoseismic data and fault mapping in the 2020 epicentral region. We find: (1) a history of partial to full rupture of the Sawtooth fault (Mw 6.8–7.4), (2) that shorter ruptures (Mw≤6.9) are likely along distributed and discontinuous faults in the epicentral region, (3) that this complex system that hosted the 2020 earthquake is not directly linked to the Sawtooth fault, (4) that the northeast-trending TCFS likely plays a role in controlling fault length and rupture continuity for adjacent faults, and (5) that parts of the TCFS may facilitate displacement transfer between normal faults that accommodate crustal extension and rotation. Our results help unravel complex faulting in the CTB and imply that relict structures can help inform regional seismic hazard assessments.","PeriodicalId":273018,"journal":{"name":"The Seismic Record","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140525491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Seismic Velocity Variations Observed Prior to the La Palma Volcano Eruption on 19 September 2021, in Cumbre Vieja, Canary Islands (Spain) 2021 年 9 月 19 日拉帕尔马火山爆发前在加那利群岛（西班牙）坎布雷维埃哈观测到的地震速度变化

The Seismic Record Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1785/0320230048

J. Mezcua, J. Rueda

引用次数: 0

Toward the Rapid Seismic Assessment of Landslides in Coastal Alaska 阿拉斯加沿海地区滑坡的快速地震评估

The Seismic Record Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1785/0320230044

E. Karasözen, M. West

引用次数: 0

The 26 September 2022 Nord Stream Events: Insights from Nearby Seismic Events 2022 年 9 月 26 日北溪事件：附近地震事件的启示

The Seismic Record Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1785/0320230047

Ross Heyburn, David N. Green, A. Nippress, Neil D. Selby

{"title":"The 26 September 2022 Nord Stream Events: Insights from Nearby Seismic Events","authors":"Ross Heyburn, David N. Green, A. Nippress, Neil D. Selby","doi":"10.1785/0320230047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0320230047","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 On 26 September 2022, two seismic events were detected by regional seismic networks, coincident with media-reported leaks from the Nord Stream gas pipelines in the western Baltic Sea. In this study, we analyze seismic and infrasound signals from these two events and compare the seismic signals with those from other nearby seismic events such as underwater explosions and presumed earthquakes. Arrival times of seismic signals from the events on 26 September 2022 are used to show that the epicenters for both the events are in the vicinity of the Nord Stream pipelines. Signals from the two events display features that are characteristic of sources occurring near the seafloor. Observed P/S ratios from the Nord Stream events are also different from those observed for nearby presumed earthquakes. The observed seismic and infrasound signals are longer duration than would be expected from a single explosive source and show similarities with those observed from underwater volcano eruptions and gas pipeline explosions. The difference between seismic magnitudes estimated for the first Nord Stream pipeline event (MLP 2.32) and an event associated with the rupture of the Balticconnector pipeline on 7 October 2023 (MLP 1.09) is consistent with the estimated potential energy ratio of the gas in the pipelines. This suggests that the initial seismic signals from the first Nord Stream event may be dominated by energy generated by the venting of gas.","PeriodicalId":273018,"journal":{"name":"The Seismic Record","volume":"87 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139454521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0