ВИВЛIОθИКА: E-Journal of Eighteenth-Century Russian Studies最新文献_第5页

Travniki, Travniki and Travniki: Herbals, Herbalists and Herbaria in Seventeenth-Century and Eighteenth-Century Russia 特拉夫尼基，特拉夫尼基和特拉夫尼基:17世纪和18世纪俄罗斯的草药、草药学家和草药标本馆

ВИВЛIОθИКА: E-Journal of Eighteenth-Century Russian Studies Pub Date : 2018-12-07 DOI: 10.21900/j.vivliofika.v6.543

Rachel Koroloff

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Introduction: The Natural Turn in Early Modern Russian History 导论:近代俄国历史的自然转向

ВИВЛIОθИКА: E-Journal of Eighteenth-Century Russian Studies Pub Date : 2018-12-07 DOI: 10.21900/j.vivliofika.v6.542

Anna Graber, C. Griffin, Rachel Koroloff, Audra Yoder

{"title":"Introduction: The Natural Turn in Early Modern Russian History","authors":"Anna Graber, C. Griffin, Rachel Koroloff, Audra Yoder","doi":"10.21900/j.vivliofika.v6.542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21900/j.vivliofika.v6.542","url":null,"abstract":"This introduction to the Vivliofika special issue, Animal, Vegetable, Mineral, illuminates the rich scholarship examining ideas about nature in the early modern Russian context. Starting with the basic question of how early modern Russians conceived of the natural world, the authors explore the numerous ways in which this question has been asked and answered by Russian historians and historians of science from the mid-twentieth century on. Acknowledging that these questions have recently been treated differently, the authors argue for a ‘natural turn’ in the scholarship. This introduction brings together Anglophone and Russophone literature to sketch the state the field before offering a relatively brief but nuanced history of the concept of the ‘Three Kingdoms of Nature’ (Tria Regna Naturae) which frames the project as a whole. The authors show how the early eighteenth-century articulation of the Tria Regna Naturae sat at the confluence of ancient Greek, early Christian, and more modern, cameralist attempts to classify and divide, and thereby understand the natural world. Muscovite and early modern Russian approaches to the question of the natural world were influenced by this Western historiography, and yet they stood apart from those traditions in interesting ways detailed by the essays in this volume. Ultimately the authors here advance new methods for understanding how early modern Russians understood the natural world, methods which focus on the practices of knowledge making in general, and those of transcription, translation, and illustration in specific.","PeriodicalId":269883,"journal":{"name":"ВИВЛIОθИКА: E-Journal of Eighteenth-Century Russian Studies","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116535439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Humans as Animals, Animals as Humans in Seventeenth-Century Russia 人与动物，动物与人在17世纪的俄罗斯

ВИВЛIОθИКА: E-Journal of Eighteenth-Century Russian Studies Pub Date : 2018-12-07 DOI: 10.21900/j.vivliofika.v6.546

C. Halperin, A. Kleimola

{"title":"Humans as Animals, Animals as Humans in Seventeenth-Century Russia","authors":"C. Halperin, A. Kleimola","doi":"10.21900/j.vivliofika.v6.546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21900/j.vivliofika.v6.546","url":null,"abstract":"The boundary between human and animal in seventeenth-century Russia was more porous than has been realized. In several witchcraft cases supposedly-bewitched humans were described as speaking like animals. Muscovite hagiography and miracle stories also portrayed the demon-possessed as speaking and acting like animals. This dehumanization of humans as animals constitutes the polar opposite of the anthropomorphizing of animals as humans in bestiaries, which depicted animals as possessing human characteristics. Visual evidence corroborates these connections between the bewitched and demon-possessed on the one hand, and animals on the other, by picturing demons and humans turning to sin with animal characteristics. Early demonic representations featured the eidalon, a Greek-based figure with animal features. This textual and visual material from seventeenth-century Muscovy zoomorphized the bewitched and demon-possessed by categorizing their behavior as beastly, as that of wild animals, and by projecting the attributes and emotions of animals onto human beings. Attributing human traits to an animal might be a compliment but ascribing traits to a human could only be a criticism, thus demonstrating and confirming the Muscovite premise of human superiority over animals.","PeriodicalId":269883,"journal":{"name":"ВИВЛIОθИКА: E-Journal of Eighteenth-Century Russian Studies","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134165032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Произведения искусства и игры природы в каталогах минерального кабинета Кунсткамеры XVIII в. 自然艺术和游戏的艺术作品在18世纪矿物室的目录中。

ВИВЛIОθИКА: E-Journal of Eighteenth-Century Russian Studies Pub Date : 2018-12-07 DOI: 10.21900/j.vivliofika.v6.545

Дарья Дмитриевна Новгородова

{"title":"Произведения искусства и игры природы в каталогах минерального кабинета Кунсткамеры XVIII в.","authors":"Дарья Дмитриевна Новгородова","doi":"10.21900/j.vivliofika.v6.545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21900/j.vivliofika.v6.545","url":null,"abstract":"По описаниям в каталогах Минерального кабинета Кунсткамеры прослежено какими значениями в собрании минералов XVIII в. наделялись несколько плакеток флорентийской мозаики и как эти значения менялись. Рассматриваемые флорентийские мозаики в современном Минералогическом музее им. А.Е. Ферсмана РАН входят в коллекцию Поделочных и драгоценных камней, иллюстрирующую применение природного камня в искусстве, а в XVIII в. они обладали научными «минералогическими» значениями и отсылали к важному сюжету играющей Природы. Это их значение исчезает из описаний коллекции Минерального кабинета в 1788 г., однако нарратив lusus Naturae до настоящего времени сохраняется в устной музейной практике. \u0000 \u0000In this article we trace how several plaquettes of Florentine mosaics have been interpreted in the catalog descriptions of the Mineral Cabinet of the Kunstkamera in the eighteenth century and how these interpretations changed. The Florentine mosaics considered here are currently housed in the modern A. E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the special Сollection of Gems and Decorative Stones that serves to illustrate the use of natural stone in art. However, in the eighteenth century the mosaics carried scientific “mineralogical” meanings and illustrated the important theme of “playful nature.” This meaning disappears from the descriptions of the collections of the Mineral Cabinet in 1788, but the narrative lusus naturae is preserved in the oral tradition of the museum.","PeriodicalId":269883,"journal":{"name":"ВИВЛIОθИКА: E-Journal of Eighteenth-Century Russian Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130389519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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К истории русской ботанической иллюстрации: «ученые» и «народные» травники XVI-XVIII вв.

ВИВЛIОθИКА: E-Journal of Eighteenth-Century Russian Studies Pub Date : 2018-12-07 DOI: 10.21900/J.VIVLIOFIKA.V6.544

Александра Борисовна Ипполитова

{"title":"К истории русской ботанической иллюстрации: «ученые» и «народные» травники XVI-XVIII вв.","authors":"Александра Борисовна Ипполитова","doi":"10.21900/J.VIVLIOFIKA.V6.544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21900/J.VIVLIOFIKA.V6.544","url":null,"abstract":"В статье дается общий обзор ботанической иллюстрации в русских рукописях XVI-XVIII вв. Это с одной стороны, переводы европейских энциклопедических естественнонаучных сочинений – «Gaerde der suntheit» Иоганна фон Кубе и «Liber de arte distillandi» Иеронима Бруншвига, и с другой стороны – «народные» травники, в которых представлен «наивный» вариант ботанической иллюстрации. \u0000 \u0000This article provides the first general overview of the botanical illustrations in Russian manuscripts between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries. On the one hand, these are the translations of the European encyclopaedical works in natural sciences, such as Johann von Cube’s Gaerde der Suntheit and Hieronymus Brunschwig's Liber de arte distillandi. On the other hand, there are “folk” herbals of the eighteenth century that represent a “naive” version of botanical illustrations.","PeriodicalId":269883,"journal":{"name":"ВИВЛIОθИКА: E-Journal of Eighteenth-Century Russian Studies","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128126990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0