Dasheng Li, G. Ramer, Phoebe Yeoh, B. Hoskins, Yuanzhi Ma, J. Bain, A. Centrone, M. Skowronski
{"title":"Nanoscale Scanning Probe Thermometry of TaOe-based selector devices","authors":"Dasheng Li, G. Ramer, Phoebe Yeoh, B. Hoskins, Yuanzhi Ma, J. Bain, A. Centrone, M. Skowronski","doi":"10.1109/DRC.2018.8442146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRC.2018.8442146","url":null,"abstract":"Crosspoint memory arrays suffer from the sneak path problem, which may cause read failures and increase power consumption [1]. The high nonlinearity of threshold switching devices makes them an ideal candidate for selector device to suppress the leakage current in the one selector/one resistor architecture. However, the mechanism of threshold switching, in particular Negative Differential Resistance (NDR) behavior in oxide materials such as TaOx and NlrO; is still under debate. A leading hypothesis is Joule-heating-induced thermal runaway [2] producing NDR due to spontaneous current localization within the device region. So far, there is no experimental data on the size of the constriction and the temperature within it. We demonstrate the first use of scanning thermal microscopy (SThM) and scanning joule heating expansion microscopy (SJEM), two AFM-based high spatial resolution in-situ characterization methods to directly measure the temperature distribution up to the NDR region in TaOx-based selector devices. These experimental results are essential information for developing accurate numerical modeling of threshold switching devices.","PeriodicalId":269641,"journal":{"name":"2018 76th Device Research Conference (DRC)","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132577461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Jerry, Jeffrey A. Smith, K. Ni, A. Saha, S. Gupta, S. Datta
{"title":"Insinhts on the DC Characterization of Ferroelectric Field-Effect-Transistors","authors":"M. Jerry, Jeffrey A. Smith, K. Ni, A. Saha, S. Gupta, S. Datta","doi":"10.1109/DRC.2018.8442191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRC.2018.8442191","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we report on the fabrication, characterization, and modeling of ferroelectric field-effect- transistors (FeFET). We demonstrate that polarization switching within ordinary 1T ferroelectric memory devices under specific conditions results in the measurement of subthreshold slopes $< 2.3mathrm{kT}/mathrm{q}$, near-zero hysteresis, negative drain induced barrier lowering (N-DIBL), and negative differential resistance (NDR) (Fig. 1). The polarization switching origin is identified by a strong dependence on the magnitude of the gate voltage, where below the critical gate voltage required to switch polarization, $mathrm{SS} < 2.3mathrm{kT}/mathrm{q}$, near-zero hysteresis, and negative DIBL cannot be observed. Further, we identify the source of NDR in the output characteristics to result from polarization switching near the drain of the FeFET at 10w $mathrm{V}_{mathrm{GS}}$ and high $mathrm{V}_{mathrm{DS}}$. The NDR can be reproduced by a simple analytical model where two VT are present within the FeFET channel due to a non-uniform distribution of the polarization charge along the channel length. The intent of this work is to disambiguate and draw distinction between the effects of polarization switching in FeFET memory devices from that of negative capacitance as shown in Kwon et. al. [1], where a physically thicker oxide shows all the electric nronerties of a nhvsicallv thinner dielectric.","PeriodicalId":269641,"journal":{"name":"2018 76th Device Research Conference (DRC)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133917867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Fortunato, D. Gaspar, Inês Cunha, M. Mendes, A. Vicente, H. Águas, A. Marques, A. Pimentel, D. Nunes, Luís Pereira, R. Martins
{"title":"Paper electronics: a sustainable multifunctional platform","authors":"E. Fortunato, D. Gaspar, Inês Cunha, M. Mendes, A. Vicente, H. Águas, A. Marques, A. Pimentel, D. Nunes, Luís Pereira, R. Martins","doi":"10.1109/DRC.2018.8442238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRC.2018.8442238","url":null,"abstract":"Cellulose is the Earth's major biopolymer and it is of tremendous global economic importance, especially in Europe representing 30% of the world's total production. Nevertheless the use of paper can be expanded tremendously if electronic, sensor and display applications could also be applied on it and by it. Some promising applications have been already demonstrated, like solar cells, displays, capacitors, actuators, gas sensors, magnetic devices, biosensors, food packaging and batteries [1]–[6].","PeriodicalId":269641,"journal":{"name":"2018 76th Device Research Conference (DRC)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123828284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jae Yoon Lee, Youngmin Kim, Ikhyeon Kworn, I. Cho, Jae Yeon Lee, S. Kim, Seongjae Cho
{"title":"Fabrication and Characterization of a Fully Si Compatible Forming-Free GeOxResistive Switching Random-Access Memory","authors":"Jae Yoon Lee, Youngmin Kim, Ikhyeon Kworn, I. Cho, Jae Yeon Lee, S. Kim, Seongjae Cho","doi":"10.1109/DRC.2018.8442248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRC.2018.8442248","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, resistive switching random-access memory (ReRAM) has been considered as one of the most promising nonvolatile memory (NVM) technologies, owing to its high scalability, low power consumption, and fast switching speed [1]. In this work, we designed and fabricated Ni/GeOx/p+ Si ReRAM having narrower parameter distribution, robust endurance, and enhanced superiority in Si processing compatibility. Ge has shown wide applications for Si CMOS extension and photonics towards the advanced VLSI [2], and another application for NVM is reported in this work. The process architecture and measurement results are demonstrated, and the annealing effects are investigated.","PeriodicalId":269641,"journal":{"name":"2018 76th Device Research Conference (DRC)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125516004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Razavieh, Y. Deng, P. Zeitzoff, M. Na, J. Frougier, G. Karve, D. Brown, T. Yamashita, E. Nowak
{"title":"Effective Drive Current in Scaled FinFET and NSFET CMOS Inverters","authors":"A. Razavieh, Y. Deng, P. Zeitzoff, M. Na, J. Frougier, G. Karve, D. Brown, T. Yamashita, E. Nowak","doi":"10.1109/DRC.2018.8442220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRC.2018.8442220","url":null,"abstract":"This work investigates the impact of CMOS scaling on the DC effective drive current, $I_{eff}$ [1], $I_{eff}=1/2times(I_{high}+I_{low})=1/2times [d_{s}(V_{gs}=0.5V_{dd},V_{ds}=V_{dd})+(V_{gs}=V_{dd},V_{ds}=V_{dd}/2)$] of aggressively scaled MOSFETs down to 7nm node technology. FinFET and Nanosheet (NSFET) architectures [2], [3] behave similarly, and $l_{eff)}$ continues to predict the intrinsic delay for aggressively scaled MOSFETs for both device architectures, even for supply-voltages $(V_{dd})$ as low as ~0.2V, where these devices operate in the subthreshold regime. The ratio of $l_{eff}/I_{on}, I_{on}=I_{ds}(V_{ds}=V_{gs}=V_{dd})$, as a function of $V_{dd}$, and threshold voltage $(V_{th})$) show that this ratio can be significantly modulated about a typical value of ~0.5, in a manner that can be easily related to classical MOSFET behavior.","PeriodicalId":269641,"journal":{"name":"2018 76th Device Research Conference (DRC)","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128458092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hussain, S. Shaikh, G. T. Sevilla, J. M. Nassar, A. Hussain, R. Bahabry, S. Khan, A. Kutbee, J. Rojas, M. Ghoneim, M. Cruz
{"title":"Manufacturable Heterogeneous Integration for Flexible CMOS Electronics","authors":"M. Hussain, S. Shaikh, G. T. Sevilla, J. M. Nassar, A. Hussain, R. Bahabry, S. Khan, A. Kutbee, J. Rojas, M. Ghoneim, M. Cruz","doi":"10.1109/DRC.2018.8442163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRC.2018.8442163","url":null,"abstract":"Nearly sixty years back when Jack Kilby built the first integrated circuit (IC), it was also the beginning of today's advanced and matured complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology whose arts and science of miniaturization has enabled Moore's Law to double up the number of devices in a given area in every two years. It has also been possible because CMOS technology has consistently adopted new materials and processes. High performance (data processing speed in computational devices), energy efficiency (for portable devices) and ultra-large-scale-integration (ULSI) density - all these features have been added to every major technology generation in additive manner. As we go forward and embrace Internet of Everything (IoE) where people, process, device and data are going to be seamlessly connected, we may want to ask ourselves a few fundamental questions about the future of CMOS electronics, enabling role of CMOS technology, potential benefits and application opportunities. Physically flexible electronics are increasingly getting attention as a critical and impactful expansion area for the general area of electronics. Many exciting demonstrations have been made to point out to its powerful prospect. Due to the paradox that traditional crystalline materials based electronics are useful in data management but they are naturally rigid and bulky, most of the researchers have resorted to two strategies: (i) non-silicon based fully flexible system with limited functionality and (ii) hybrid flexible electronic system with off-the-shelf ICs for data management. We do not consider this paradox is fundamental and a block-by-block approach using traditional CMOS technology can allow us to build fully flexible CMOS electronic systems [Fig. 1].","PeriodicalId":269641,"journal":{"name":"2018 76th Device Research Conference (DRC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129711220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John W. Murphy, C. Frye, Fang Qian, J. Despotopulos, R. Henderson, Q. Shao, K. Kazkaz, L. Voss, R. Nikolic
{"title":"Three-Dimensionally Structured Betavoltaics","authors":"John W. Murphy, C. Frye, Fang Qian, J. Despotopulos, R. Henderson, Q. Shao, K. Kazkaz, L. Voss, R. Nikolic","doi":"10.1109/DRC.2018.8442157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRC.2018.8442157","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we demonstrate three-dimensionally structured silicon diodes for use as a betavoltaic power source in conjunction with147Pm. The concept of using a three-dimensionally structured semiconductor to increase the power density and efficiency of a betavoltaic device has existed for some time, even specifically for the combination of Si and Pm [1], [2], however this work is the first demonstration of infiltration of the radioisotope into the structured semiconductor; the previous works utilized either an e-beam gun or a sealed source to demonstrate power generation. MCNP simulations were carried out to determine the optimal feature sizes for maximizing power density and efficiency. We have fabricated three devices, which were filled with approximately 3, 7, and 28 mCi of PmCl3 respectively. These devices produced an output current greater than what could be achieved in a coplanar device, demonstrating successful infiltration of the radioisotope.","PeriodicalId":269641,"journal":{"name":"2018 76th Device Research Conference (DRC)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126901017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thickness Tunable Transport Properties in $mathbf{MoTe}_{mathbf{2}}$ Field Effect Transistors","authors":"Yuqi Zhu, Feng Zhang, J. Appenzeller","doi":"10.1109/DRC.2018.8442261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRC.2018.8442261","url":null,"abstract":"One reason for the interest in studying two-dimensional (2D) materials lies in their atomically thin nature [1]–[5].","PeriodicalId":269641,"journal":{"name":"2018 76th Device Research Conference (DRC)","volume":"41 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113978713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High Voltage Vertical Gallium Nitride Pseudo-Junction-Barrier-Schottky Diode with Ion Implantation","authors":"Sizhen Wang, A. Huang","doi":"10.1109/DRC.2018.8442214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRC.2018.8442214","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays vertical GaN power devices [1-S] are under intensive research from world- wide. With its superior physical properties, e.g. higher critical electrical field, GaN material based power device can provide much better performance than that of Si and SiC. But due to lack of selective area doping technology to form high quality P-N junction [4], complicated epitaxial regrowth method is used to fabricate GaN-based power transistor [5], its high cost would inhibit the adoption for volume production. So new approaches need to develop for GaN vertical power devices.","PeriodicalId":269641,"journal":{"name":"2018 76th Device Research Conference (DRC)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121977677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Aziz, N. Shukla, A. Seabaugh, S. Datta, S. Gupta
{"title":"Cockcroft-Walton Multiplier based on Unipolar $mathbf{Ag/HfO_{2}/Pt}$ Threshold Switch","authors":"A. Aziz, N. Shukla, A. Seabaugh, S. Datta, S. Gupta","doi":"10.1109/DRC.2018.8442270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRC.2018.8442270","url":null,"abstract":"Threshold switches (TS) exhibiting electrically driven phase transition between high resistance (insulating) and low resistance (metallic) states have shown an immense promise for several circuit applications [1]. $mathrm{Ag}/mathrm{HfO}_{2}/mathrm{Pt} mathrm{based}$ TS, a recent inclusion in this group, was reported to have high selectivity $(sim 10^{7})$ and unipolar conduction [2], [3]. The unipolar nature of such a TS may be capitalized to achieve diode-like rectifying behavior with unique advantages. In this work, we discuss the merits $ofAg/HfO_{2}/Pt TS$ over standard diodes and present a Cockcroft-Walton multiplier (CWM) [4], [5] based on $Ag/HfO_{2}/Pt$. The proposed CWM generates higher DC voltage from an AC input compared to standard CWM, utilizing (a) high selectivity (b) hysteretic behavior (c) abrupt $insulatorleftrightarrow metal$ transitions and (d) unipolar conduction $ofAg/HfO_{2}/Pt$.","PeriodicalId":269641,"journal":{"name":"2018 76th Device Research Conference (DRC)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129316173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}