Catalysis Today最新文献

{"title":"Engineering porous clay nanoarchitectures from unusual commercial organoclay: Supported manganese oxide as stable catalysts in the total oxidation of volatile organic compounds","authors":"Rosana Balzer ,&nbsp;Alexander Sachse ,&nbsp;Jean-Dominique Comparot ,&nbsp;Maria do Carmo Martins Alves ,&nbsp;Jonder Morais ,&nbsp;Katia Bernardo-Gusmão ,&nbsp;Anderson Joel Schwanke","doi":"10.1016/j.cattod.2024.115098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cattod.2024.115098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The porous engineering of clay nanoarchitectures (PCN) achieved from a well-known but little-explored commercial organoclay C-20A is reported. Thorough characterizations (by XRD, TGA, N₂ sorption, ICP, SEM, TEM, ²⁷Al MAS NMR, DR UV-Vis, XPS, Py-FTIR and H₂-TPR) confirmed a delaminated structure presenting a specific surface area of 504 m² g⁻¹, twelve times higher than the sodic montmorillonite used as reference and featuring a new pore system comprising a size range from supermicropores to small mesopores (1.3–10 nm). The role of these PCN as support of manganese oxide for the gas-phase total catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was evaluated. PCN with 5 % of Mn resulted in a higher nanoparticle dispersion (10 nm) compared to the sodic montmorillonite (17 nm). The highest catalytic activity was reached with PCN containing 10 % of Mn achieving a benzene, toluene and <em>ortho</em>-xylene oxidation of 54 %, 39 % and 34 %, respectively, at 350 °C. The catalyst was stable up to 36 h under these conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":264,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Today","volume":"445 ","pages":"Article 115098"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-based nylon intermediates from γ-valerolactone: Catalyst modifications for an enhanced selectivity to methyl 4-pentenoate","authors":"Annemarie Marckwordt ,&nbsp;Elmir Babayev ,&nbsp;Johannes G. de Vries ,&nbsp;Narayana V. Kalevaru ,&nbsp;Sebastian Wohlrab","doi":"10.1016/j.cattod.2024.115100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cattod.2024.115100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ring-opening transesterification of bio-based γ-valerolactone (GVL) to produce a mixture of methyl pentenoate isomers (MPs) such as methyl 4-pentenoate (M4P), methyl 3-pentenoate (M3P) and methyl 2-pentenoate (M2P) has been carried out using modified Zr-containing catalysts in a gas phase continuous process. As the three MP isomers are potential nylon intermediates, this approach is sustainable from a green chemistry point of view to synthesize bio-based polymers. The reaction was carried out in a fixed bed catalytic reactor at ambient pressure and in the temperature range from 255 to 335°C. In the present study, SiO₂ supported zirconia catalysts were prepared by wet impregnation with varying Zr loadings in the range from 5 to 30 wt%. The catalysts were characterized by various techniques. The surface areas were determined by N₂ adsorption, acid-base properties by NH₃-TPD and CO₂-TPD techniques. In addition, the distinction of Lewis and Brønsted sites were also estimated by Py-FTIR. Among all catalysts, 25 % Zr/SiO₂ exhibited the best performance. The influence of various key reaction parameters on the activity/selectivity was explored and suitable reaction conditions were optimized. The conversion of GVL and product distribution was found to be strongly dependent on the reaction temperature and Zr content of the catalysts. The sum selectivity of all the three MP isomers varied in the range from 97 % to 99 %, of which M4P was always the dominant product. At low reaction temperature (255°C), M4P was the major product while M2P was a minor product. However, with increase in temperature, the selectivity of M2P and M3P increased at the expense of M4P due to isomerisation of the C<img>C double bond. In addition, the effect of support on the best Zr loading was also explored and it was found that the SiO₂ support exhibited superior performance compared to others. In the direction of enhancing the selectivity of M4P, Cr-doping was also done onto 25Zr/SiO₂, the best catalyst of this study. Such incorporation of chromium significantly enhanced the selectivity of M4P above 80 % at acceptably high conversion of GVL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":264,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Today","volume":"445 ","pages":"Article 115100"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reaction ignition during the oxidative coupling of methane over Mn–Na2WO4/SiO2","authors":"Vitor Duarte Lage ,&nbsp;Antônio José de Almeida ,&nbsp;Tahyná Fontoura ,&nbsp;Normando Jesus ,&nbsp;José Carlos Pinto ,&nbsp;Henrique Pacheco","doi":"10.1016/j.cattod.2024.115097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cattod.2024.115097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study investigates the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) as a viable solution for CH₄ upgrading with the benchmark Mn–Na₂WO₄/SiO₂ catalyst. The effects of space velocity on catalytic performance and ignition responses were evaluated. Experimental catalytic tests revealed a complex relationship between space velocity and C2+ product yields and a self-igniting behavior when the reaction temperature reached about 700 °C. The results indicated that the temperature difference (<em>∆T</em>) between the catalyst bed and the flowing gas increased with the feed flow rate and decreased with dilution of the catalyst bed (increasing with catalyst loading), which can allow the reaction ignition at lower temperatures. The present study sheds light on the interplay between reaction conditions and the ignition behavior, providing valuable insights for optimization of OCM processes and catalyst development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":264,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Today","volume":"445 ","pages":"Article 115097"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogen-free deoxygenation of oleic acid on acidic and basic ZSM-5 and Y-zeolites: Products for biofuel and reaction pathways","authors":"Jose Geraldo A. Pacheco ,&nbsp;Jose Fernando Padilha ,&nbsp;Bianca L. Santos ,&nbsp;Marilia R. Santos ,&nbsp;Denisson Oliveira Liborio ,&nbsp;Luiz A.M. Pontes ,&nbsp;Roger Fréty ,&nbsp;Santiago Arias","doi":"10.1016/j.cattod.2024.115094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cattod.2024.115094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A large volume of highly acidic vegetable oils generated as waste could be utilized to produce low-cost biofuels without competing with food production. This study investigated the conversion of oleic acid (OA), used as a model fatty compound, in a micropyrolysis apparatus under conditions similar to those employed in fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) of petroleum feedstocks. The influence of small-micropore size zeolites (ZSM-5) and large-micropore size zeolites (Y), in both their acidic H- and basic Na-forms, on the product distribution was evaluated. Oleic acid was pre-adsorbed onto the zeolites at a mass ratio Catalyst:OA = 10:1. Thermal cracking of pure oleic acid was limited, predominantly producing linear 1-alkenes and carboxylic acids. Conversion in the presence of catalysts was enhanced, resulting in the formation of a greater variety of hydrocarbons. Branched and cyclic alkanes, as well as polyaromatics hydrocarbons, were produced in greater quantities on Y zeolites compared to ZSM-5, due to the larger micropore diameter of the Y zeolite. Among the catalysts, Na-Y produced the highest number of hydrocarbons, predominantly within the gasoline range. These results are promising for the co-processing of fatty residues in the FCC, promoting the production of second-generation drop-in biofuels and bio-based chemicals, and contributing to industrial decarbonization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":264,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Today","volume":"445 ","pages":"Article 115094"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bi2O2.33/Bi4O5I2-heterojunction photocatalysts for adsorption and visible light-driven degradation of pharmaceutical pollutants","authors":"Adwaa Ahmed ,&nbsp;Abdo Hezam ,&nbsp;Jabor Rabeah ,&nbsp;Carsten Kreyenschulte ,&nbsp;Norbert Steinfeldt ,&nbsp;Sebastian Wohlrab ,&nbsp;Jennifer Strunk","doi":"10.1016/j.cattod.2024.115093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cattod.2024.115093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces the innovative Bi₄O₅I₂/Bi₂O_2.33 heterojunction for diclofenac (DF) degradation. Pharmaceutical pollutants, especially DF, pose significant threats to water sources, necessitating efficient treatment methods. Bi₂O_2.33, renowned for its unique ferromagnetic properties, emerges as a promising photocatalyst for pollutant degradation. Bi₄O₅I₂, known for strong visible light absorption and stability, holds potential for environmental applications. Interestingly, the inclusion of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) in the composite catalysts significantly influences their observed ferromagnetic properties, as revealed by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, by influencing the interactions within the Bi₄O₅I₂/Bi₂O_2.33 heterojunction and influencing its structure, morphology, and spin behavior. This interaction results in enhanced EPR and Ferromagnetic Resonance (FMR) signals, indicating intriguing spin interactions, polarization effects, charge transfers, surface dynamics, and stabilized magnetic domains. While the enhanced ferromagnetism holds promise for efficient charge separation and potential applications in environmental remediation, the expected boost in visible light-driven activity was not fully realized. This limitation is attributed to TiO₂ inherent inability to directly absorb visible light, hindering its utilization for enhanced photocatalysis within the heterojunction. Nevertheless, these findings elucidate the multifaceted role of TiO₂ in modulating the magnetic properties of these catalysts, offering valuable insights for future advancements in the design of advanced photocatalysts for effective environmental remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":264,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Today","volume":"445 ","pages":"Article 115093"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing propylene production via acetone hydrodeoxygenation: Insights from catalytic studies with Cu/γ-Al2O3 and Hβ zeolite","authors":"Aline C.M. Trindade ,&nbsp;Heveline Enzweiler ,&nbsp;Nina P.G. Salau","doi":"10.1016/j.cattod.2024.115095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cattod.2024.115095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Propylene is a crucial light olefin in the petrochemical industry and can be produced via acetone hydrodeoxygenation, which involves two sequential reactions: first, acetone undergoes hydrogenation catalyzed by metallic sites, followed by the dehydration of the resulting isopropanol catalyzed by acidic sites. In this study, propylene production through acetone hydrodeoxygenation was investigated using a physical mixture of 35 wt% Cu/γ-Al₂O₃ and Hβ zeolite to investigate how various reaction parameters affect acetone conversion and propylene yield. Using the experimental design methodology, empirical models were developed to correlate acetone conversion (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>acet</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) and propylene yield <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>Y</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>prop</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> with the ratio of 35 wt% Cu/γ<em>-</em>Al₂O₃ to Hβ (<em>CR)</em>, total catalyst weight (<em>Cw)</em>, hydrogen volumetric flow rate (<em>FH</em>_<em>2</em><em>)</em> and reaction temperature (<em>T)</em>. The maximum propylene yield achieved in the catalytic tests was 73.46 %. A long-term test demonstrated the catalyst's reusability, remaining active even after 22 hours of reaction with only a slight decrease in propylene yield. Analysis of the experimental data revealed that increasing <em>T</em> and <em>Cw</em> positively affected propylene yield, whereas higher <em>CR</em> and <em>FH</em>_<em>2</em> had negative effects. According to the Pareto chart, reaction temperature was the most influential variable for propylene yield, followed by <em>CR</em>, <em>FH</em>_<em>2</em> and <em>Cw</em>. For acetone conversion, the order of significance among the variables was <em>T</em> &gt; <em>CR</em> &gt; <em>Cw</em> &gt; <em>FH</em>_<em>2</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":264,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Today","volume":"445 ","pages":"Article 115095"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142444986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the stability of mixed Zn/Co-ZIFs as catalysts for CO2 fixation into cyclic carbonates","authors":"Francine Bertella ,&nbsp;Christian W. Lopes ,&nbsp;Edilson V. Benvenutti ,&nbsp;Michèle O. de Souza","doi":"10.1016/j.cattod.2024.115096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cattod.2024.115096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) are a subclass of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) which exhibit a zeolitic structure. These materials have been extensively used as catalysts in CO₂ cycloaddition with epoxides to form cyclic carbonates. However, their stability under reaction conditions is rarely investigated. In this work, four ZIFs were synthesized: monometallic ZIF-67 (with Co), ZIF-8 (with Zn), bimetallic Zn/Co-ZIF-67 (with three-dimensional structure), and Zn/Co-ZIF-L (with two-dimensional structure). Even though the solids presented different crystalline structures, textural properties, and CO₂ adsorption capacities, the bimetallic samples showed similar catalytic behavior with high yield (60–65 %) and selectivity (92–94 %) to propylene carbonate (PC). In comparison, the monometallic samples exhibited a somewhat higher yield (∼ 79 %) and selectivity (∼ 97 %) to PC. However, the characterization of the used catalysts showed a substantial loss in crystallinity and porosity for the monometallic ZIF-67 and ZIF-8. At the same time, the Zn/Co-ZIF-67 exhibited the highest stability in maintaining its original structure and porosity. Conversely, the Zn/Co-ZIF-L recrystallized into the sodalite three-dimensional structure after being used in two catalytic reactions. All used catalysts showed the same Zn local environment after the reaction, while the final Co species formed depended on the catalyst’s initial structure and chemical composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":264,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Today","volume":"445 ","pages":"Article 115096"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metal-free carbon nitride polymeric films for the synthesis of valuable organics using a novel mesostructured photoreactor","authors":"Dânia S.M. Constantino ,&nbsp;Joana C. Lopes ,&nbsp;Rafael C. Carneiro ,&nbsp;José C.B. Lopes, ,&nbsp;Madalena M. Dias ,&nbsp;Joaquim L. Faria ,&nbsp;Cláudia G. Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.cattod.2024.115090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cattod.2024.115090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immobilised photocatalytic systems can strongly contribute to attaining more sustainable chemical processes, reducing downstream units for photocatalyst recovery and purification of the target molecules. On the other hand, it is known that this kind of photocatalytic system usually presents higher mass transfer resistance when compared with slurries and, consequently, slower kinetics. Besides, this can be even more limited for chemical synthesis using eco-friendly conditions, where combining the photocatalytic material with the best reactor design plays a fundamental role in the process efficiency. In this work, a micro-meso structured photoreactor was used to overcome these limitations, providing a large surface area per reaction volume and a higher illumination homogeneity through the entire reactor using a compact LED system. Several photocatalytic films were developed, combining different amounts of a metal-free photocatalyst (graphitic carbon nitride) with a biodegradable polymer matrix (sodium alginate). The catalytic performance was evaluated in the synthesis of aromatic aldehydes (anisaldehyde, tolualdehyde, benzaldehyde, vanillin, and piperonal from the photocatalytic oxidation of the corresponding, anisyl-, toluyl-, benzyl-, vanillyl- and piperonyl alcohols. All experimental runs were carried out under mild operation conditions, using water as solvent, room temperature and atmospheric pressure, and natural pH. The maximum performance in terms of yield was attained in the following order: anisaldehyde &gt; tolualdehyde &gt; piperonal &gt; benzaldehyde &gt; vanillin. A novel approach for photocatalytic organic synthesis with a low carbon footprint and reduced energy requirements is proposed. Moreover, the results provided in this work open a new window for the development of sustainable photocatalytic organic processes in continuous mode operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":264,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Today","volume":"445 ","pages":"Article 115090"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142444933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of feni bimetal-doped biochar on oxygen evolution reaction kinetics: A one-step, low-temperature pyrolysis approach","authors":"Qiaoling Liu ,&nbsp;Baofeng Zhao ,&nbsp;Haibin Guan ,&nbsp;Jian Sun ,&nbsp;Di Zhu ,&nbsp;Bari Wulan ,&nbsp;Laizhi Sun ,&nbsp;Angang Song ,&nbsp;Chongmin Wang ,&nbsp;Qing Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.cattod.2024.115082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cattod.2024.115082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the hydrogen energy sector progresses, water electrolysis technology played a crucial role in producing green hydrogen. A major challenge in this endeavor lied in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), where the overpotential has consistently been high leading to an increase in the energy demand. This study developed a one-step pyrolysis technique to transform metal-supported biomass into FeNi/NC catalysts having enhanced crystallinity and defect sites. This process without activation step using strong acids or bases reduced the operational procedures and the treatment of intermediate products, which reduced the technical difficulty. As the pyrolysis temperature increases, the metal ions in the biochar gradually formed stable metal oxides, which catalyze the alkaline OER and markedly boosted catalytic efficiency. Crucially, the abundance of lattice oxygen and oxygen vacancies in the catalyst played a key role in enhancing the OER kinetics. Notably, the catalyst pyrolyzed at 750 °C demonstrated good performance, with an overpotential of 270 mV at a concentration of 10 mA cm⁻² of the density of current, which was superior to RuO₂(η₁₀=315 mV) and IrO₂(η₁₀=300 mV). Overall, this study reported an approach for the fabrication of high-performance OER catalysts and the strategic utilization of biomass resources for application in clean energy technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":264,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Today","volume":"445 ","pages":"Article 115082"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural factors influencing photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical performance of low-dimensional ZnO nanostructures","authors":"Hassan Ali,&nbsp;Ali Can Guler,&nbsp;Milan Masar,&nbsp;Jan Antos,&nbsp;Barbora Hanulikova,&nbsp;Pavel Urbanek,&nbsp;Muhammad Yasir,&nbsp;Tomas Sopik,&nbsp;Michal Machovsky,&nbsp;Ivo Kuritka","doi":"10.1016/j.cattod.2024.115088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cattod.2024.115088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, low dimensional ZnO nanostructures at three levels of complexity (primary polycrystalline, secondary nanowires, and tertiary nanodendrites) were consecutively synthesized on FTO glass substrates, and the impact of their structure and morphology on photocatalysis and photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties was explored. XRD, SEM, and Raman corroborated with PL and UV–vis measurements revealed nanocrystallite wurtzite building blocks with shape anisotropy and defect concentration increasing with the level of complexity. Four estrogenic hormones, i.e., estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), ethinylestradiol (EE2), and estriol (E3), were evaluated as model endocrine disruptors to assess the relative photodegradation of each hormone. The same trend was observed for PEC water-splitting performance of these materials as photoanodes under AM 1.5 G illumination. On the contrary, the performance on photodegradation of diclofenac as a model drug and resazurin ink discoloration test revealed superiority of the polycrystalline sample followed by the nanodendrites sample. These reductive photocatalytic pathway processes are likely to be governed by the interfacial charge transfer efficiency at the solution/catalyst boundary, while the other factors may have more intriguing roles associated with the relatively weak reduction potential of ZnO in comparison to its large oxidation potential with respect to water splitting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":264,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Today","volume":"445 ","pages":"Article 115088"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142418950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}