C. P. Peña Fernández, Jés Jesus Fiais Cerqueira, A. Lima
{"title":"Control of Nonholonomic Mobile Bases Supported by Measuring of the Slipping and Skidding Variations","authors":"C. P. Peña Fernández, Jés Jesus Fiais Cerqueira, A. Lima","doi":"10.1109/SBR.LARS.ROBOCONTROL.2014.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBR.LARS.ROBOCONTROL.2014.14","url":null,"abstract":"This work proposes a method in order to choose suitable controllers supported by the measuring of the slipping and skidding variations, i.e., When the nonholonomic kinematic constraints are not fully satisfied. The rolling dynamics associated with the wheels are give as conditions related with variations of the slipping and the skidding. The variations are used to state formally a tool to measure the rolling performance. The dynamic of the mobile base is give with the aid of the Lagrange approach and the singular perturbations theory. Subsequently, linear models for the traction forces and a invariant manifold are used to linearize the dynamic model. The proposed controller is adjusted by selecting appropriate parameters of an auxiliary control law. Finally, the norm of rolling performance is included as an indicator of how much the controller designed satisfies the conditions related with the variations of the slipping and the skidding.","PeriodicalId":264928,"journal":{"name":"2014 Joint Conference on Robotics: SBR-LARS Robotics Symposium and Robocontrol","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130515840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. R. Oliveira, R. Calvo, Roseli A. F. Romero, M. Figueiredo
{"title":"An Approach for Coordinating of the Cooperative Mapping in a Self-Adaptive Formation System Based on a Modification of the Ant Colony Algorithm","authors":"J. R. Oliveira, R. Calvo, Roseli A. F. Romero, M. Figueiredo","doi":"10.1109/SBR.LARS.ROBOCONTROL.2014.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBR.LARS.ROBOCONTROL.2014.16","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, an approach for cooperative and distributed mapping in a self-adaptive formation system based on a modified version of the ant colony optimization algorithm is proposed. The strategy is distributed, decentralized, real time and it is applied to tasks in which formation characteristic is an essential requirement. The coordination system's design is inspired by the biological mechanisms that define a social organization in collective systems, specifically, the ant colony system. Voronoi tessalation and Delaunay triangulation techniques are used to model the formation strategy. The approach is adaptable for scenarios with suffer changes in the structure of the environment. The performance of the system is evaluated using a simulator. Simulation results show that the cooperative mapping is efficient, the trials are performed considering an indoor environment. Besides results show that the proposed formation approach is able to rearrange spatially the robots as they navigate, changing the relative robot distances according to the spatial environment restrictions.","PeriodicalId":264928,"journal":{"name":"2014 Joint Conference on Robotics: SBR-LARS Robotics Symposium and Robocontrol","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121391508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vision-Based Autonomous Navigation with a Probabilistic Occupancy Map on Unstructured Scenarios","authors":"R. L. Klaser, F. Osório, D. Wolf","doi":"10.1109/SBR.LARS.ROBOCONTROL.2014.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBR.LARS.ROBOCONTROL.2014.13","url":null,"abstract":"Vision-based robotics perception still have a great focus of attention on building systems because of its common availability and low cost. The 3D data produced by the disparity calculation methods in stereo cameras are inaccurate and presents substantial noise. We present here our method to deal with the noisy 3D point cloud produced by stereo camera to build a navigation map and mark obstacles with a probabilistic occupancy map approach. The objective is to integrate continuously the sensor readings marking occupied and free space based on some certainty and accumulate it over time. The output is a navigability map we use to plan a trajectory path. Our main focus is applications like agricultural fields. We have modeled and tested the system fully in simulation and validated it with our real vehicle platform Carina I on unstructured scenarios.","PeriodicalId":264928,"journal":{"name":"2014 Joint Conference on Robotics: SBR-LARS Robotics Symposium and Robocontrol","volume":"509 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123068726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Perico, I. J. Silva, Claudio O. Vilão, T. P. D. Homem, R. C. Destro, Flavio Tonidandel, Reinaldo A. C. Bianchi
{"title":"Hardware and Software Aspects of the Design and Assembly of a New Humanoid Robot for RoboCup Soccer","authors":"D. Perico, I. J. Silva, Claudio O. Vilão, T. P. D. Homem, R. C. Destro, Flavio Tonidandel, Reinaldo A. C. Bianchi","doi":"10.1109/SBR.LARS.ROBOCONTROL.2014.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBR.LARS.ROBOCONTROL.2014.39","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the design and development of a new humanoid robot named Newton, that is intended for applications in research and also to be used in the Robo Cup Kid Size League World Competition. Newton robot has been designed to work without any dedicated sub-controller implemented in low level hardware, often used to control the servomotors of the robot. Newton uses only a standard personal computer to do all processing and control necessary by the robot. To be able to deal with all the tasks involved in the robotic soccer domain, a new software architecture is proposed. This architecture is based on the hybrid paradigm, involving sensing, decision, planning, low level control, localization and communication. Preliminary tests show that the robot can walk properly while it performs tasks like finding the ball in an unknown position or positioning itself at the ball for kicking, exhibiting a very good performance.","PeriodicalId":264928,"journal":{"name":"2014 Joint Conference on Robotics: SBR-LARS Robotics Symposium and Robocontrol","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132462417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Searching and Tracking Anomalies with Multiple Robots: A Probabilistic Approach","authors":"David Saldaña, L. Chaimowicz, M. Campos","doi":"10.1109/SBR.LARS.ROBOCONTROL.2014.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBR.LARS.ROBOCONTROL.2014.42","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a probabilistic technique to coordinate multiple robots in perimeter searching and tracking tasks, which are typical when they have to detect, and follow anomalies in an environment (e.g. Fire in a forest). The proposed method is based on particle filter technique, it uses multiple robots to fuse distributed sensor information and estimate the shape of an anomaly. Complementary sensor fusion is used to coordinate robot navigation and reduce detection time when an anomaly appears. Validation of our approach is obtained both in simulation and with real robots. Five different scenarios were designed to evaluate and compare efficiency in both exploration and tracking tasks. The results have demonstrated that, when compared to state-of-the art methods in the literature, the proposed method is able to detect anomalies with or without a-priori information and reduce the detection time.","PeriodicalId":264928,"journal":{"name":"2014 Joint Conference on Robotics: SBR-LARS Robotics Symposium and Robocontrol","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131579478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improving RRT's Efficiency through Motion Primitives Generation Optimization","authors":"Hiparco Lins Vieira, V. Grassi","doi":"10.1109/SBR.LARS.ROBOCONTROL.2014.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBR.LARS.ROBOCONTROL.2014.20","url":null,"abstract":"Rapidly-exploring Random Tree (RRT) algorithm has been used for motion planning in numerous and diverse robotic applications. For applications which demands higher motion resolution, the computational cost increases together with the number of motion primitives used to expand the RRT. In this paper we present a method based on optimization by elimination which is applied to the Rapidly-exploring Random Tree algorithm to reduce its computational cost. This method optimizes the efficiency of motion primitives generation. It identifies tree expansion in promising areas by initially generating and analyzing only few motion primitives. Then it increases the number of primitives for motion resolution enhancement in those promising areas. The results achieved by applying this method evidence a substantial decrease in the computational cost.","PeriodicalId":264928,"journal":{"name":"2014 Joint Conference on Robotics: SBR-LARS Robotics Symposium and Robocontrol","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123777326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leonardo Lelis Lopes, M. Sarcinelli Filho, A. Brandão, R. Carelli
{"title":"Low Level Model Identification of a Quadrotor X3D-BL","authors":"Leonardo Lelis Lopes, M. Sarcinelli Filho, A. Brandão, R. Carelli","doi":"10.1109/SBR.LARS.ROBOCONTROL.2014.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBR.LARS.ROBOCONTROL.2014.18","url":null,"abstract":"This work aims at identifying the low level model of a miniature quad rotor, using a sensor of force and torque in the three axes of the Cartesian system. To do that, the first step is to obtain the low level model of the rotorcraft. Then we obtained the coefficient Cf,t, which is a meaningful contribution of this work, since there are just a few works in the literature addressing such coefficient, necessary to convert the force and torque on the three axes in the individual strength of each propellant. As a continuation of this work, the parameters associated to the low level model here discussed will be also identified.","PeriodicalId":264928,"journal":{"name":"2014 Joint Conference on Robotics: SBR-LARS Robotics Symposium and Robocontrol","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127141755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John Faber Archila, Junior Marques Moreira, Victor Ivar Van Halts, Luiz Antonio Neto Alves, O. E. Rueda, M. Becker
{"title":"Simulation of Rovers for Precision Agriculture","authors":"John Faber Archila, Junior Marques Moreira, Victor Ivar Van Halts, Luiz Antonio Neto Alves, O. E. Rueda, M. Becker","doi":"10.1109/SBR.LARS.ROBOCONTROL.2014.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBR.LARS.ROBOCONTROL.2014.30","url":null,"abstract":"Precision agriculture (PA) is nowadays one of the main strategies to fulfill the increasing food demand in the world. PA was defined as the set of technologies and procedures employed to optimize the agriculture production system. This article evaluate three types of rovers to be applied in precision agriculture, they are type Shrimp, Crab and Rocker Bogie. These rovers are modeled and simulated using parametric CAD software (Solid Works®) in order to assess their performance in terms of torque and power consumption. These physical variables would help in developing compact and autonomous agricultural rovers.","PeriodicalId":264928,"journal":{"name":"2014 Joint Conference on Robotics: SBR-LARS Robotics Symposium and Robocontrol","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133860781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impedance Control of Rehabilitation Robots for Lower Limbs, Review","authors":"J. C. Pérez Ibarra, A. Siqueira","doi":"10.1109/SBR.LARS.ROBOCONTROL.2014.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBR.LARS.ROBOCONTROL.2014.53","url":null,"abstract":"Impedance control is commonly used in rehabilitation robots to maintain the human-robot interaction force below safe levels for the patient, and simultaneously, to control the limb position according to the desired trajectories determined by the therapy. Impedance control aims to regulate the dynamic relationship between the robot force and the actuator movement. On the other hand, design of rehabilitation robots for lower limbs demands specific features that come from their biomechanical functions as weight bearing and locomotion. This paper aims to review the main features for implementing an impedance control in a lower limb rehabilitation robot. Initially, we present a general formulation of the impedance control starting from the dynamic equations toward the most basic forms of this controller. We emphasize that impedance control enable real-time variations in the amount of assistance via the variation of the impedance parameters (inertia, damping and stiffness) of the controller without significant problems of stability. Control performance does not only depend on the control schemes but also a good selection of all the elements of the control loop, including sensors and actuators. We review on the most commonly used actuators for impedance controlled robots. Finally, we addressed the main challenges and limitations for research and development of most efficient implementations and indicates the most relevant trends that literature evidence.","PeriodicalId":264928,"journal":{"name":"2014 Joint Conference on Robotics: SBR-LARS Robotics Symposium and Robocontrol","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129250759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization Strategies for Actuators of Kinematically Redundant Manipulators to Achieve High Dynamic Performance","authors":"João V. C. Fontes, J. C. Santos, M. M. da Silva","doi":"10.1109/SBR.LARS.ROBOCONTROL.2014.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBR.LARS.ROBOCONTROL.2014.32","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that the kinematic redundancy promotes, among other benefits, a significant reduction of the presence of singularities. However, the evaluation of the kinematic redundancy as a good solution to increase the dynamic performance was not studied. Kinematic redundancy corresponds to the introduction of an actuator in a kinematic chain. Due to this redundancy, the mechanism can reconfigure itself in order to avoid high torque levels. This can be generally achieved in two different manners: the offline and the online ways. The former manner is the simplest way to use redundancy since the position/orientation of the redundant actuator is modified before the desired trajectory is performed. This position/orientation is selected according to performance indexes via an optimization problem. The latter manner exploits the full capacity of the redundant actuators updating their position/orientation while the trajectory is being performed. The online optimization is implemented in two different methods: the simple online optimizes only the positions and the complex online optimizes the accelerations and positions of the redudant actuator. In order to evaluate these strategies, three kinematically redundant configurations of the 3RRR planar manipulator have been evaluated through kinematic and dynamic models: the (P)RRR+2RRR, the 2(P)RRR+RRR and the 3(P)RRR. The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the impact of the different levels of redundancy to design high performance parallel manipulators. Moreover, comparisons between the online and offline reconfiguration strategies have been done demonstrating a reduction on the required actuation forces.","PeriodicalId":264928,"journal":{"name":"2014 Joint Conference on Robotics: SBR-LARS Robotics Symposium and Robocontrol","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132364129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}