Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"Properties of some bee products (pollen, roe milk and bee venom), apitherapy and their effects on Covid-19","authors":"Arzu ODUNKIRAN, Memnune Şengül, Seda Ufuk","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2022.6.1.0063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2022.6.1.0063","url":null,"abstract":"The new type of coronavirus infection (COVID-19), caused by coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to a world pandemic due to severe acute respiratory syndrome. In addition to drug and vaccine studies for COVID-19, studies on various foods maintain to increase immunity and alternative treatment, and in this context, bee products are also being researched. Although many studies are showing that bee products have antimicrobial properties and immune-enhancing effects, there are limited studies on the effectiveness of these products against coronavirus. Some peptides in royal jelly are reported to be potent antibacterial and antifungal agents that may be beneficial for avoiding co-infections in COVID-19 patients. Positive results have been found Pollen, a fine and powder-like substance produced by flowering plants and collected by bees, in many studies investigating the effects of pollen on health such as antimicrobial, antiviral and anti-inflammatory. Bee venom; It is a yellowish-colored, bitter-sweet, pungent-smelling substance that is produced in the venom sac of bees, normally in liquid form, but dries up and crystallizes after contact with air. Melittin, the primary component of bee venom having more than 40 biologically and pharmacologically active compounds including phospholipase A2, histamine, epinephrine, free amino acids, peptide and apamin, has been stated to have antitumor, antimicrobial, anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) secreted from bee and snake venom is known to have strong anti-HIV activities. Melittin, phosphorylase A2 and hyaluronidan, which are the most significant components of bee venom, constitute 50% of bee venom. Moreover, researches on the relationship between bee venom and COVID-19 are limited. The target of this review is to bring together the studies on the health effects of royal jelly, bee pollen and bee venom, and to contribute to the existing studies.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"128 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124242600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnitude of antibiotic resistant bacterial colonization of women attending HIV clinic in Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"Dauphin Dighitoghi Moro, Jyostna Chandwani, Oluchi Mariam Ukhureigbe, Igbagbo Ehinmore, Chinedu Emmanuel Usuah","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2022.5.2.0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2022.5.2.0055","url":null,"abstract":"Opportunistic infections due microorganisms particularly bacteria have posed a threat and thus an addition burden on the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections worldwide. The high prevalence of bacterial pathogens and the emergence of multiple drug resistance among such bacteria call for serious concern. Bacteriological examination of 320 women attending HIV clinics was carried out using standard microbiological techniques. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out by the disc diffusion technique by Bauer and CLSI. Of the 320 women, 200 (62.5%) had bacteria, 120 women were confirmed as HIV positive. Ninety (75%) of these women had both HIV-1 and HIV-2, twenty (16.7%) had only HIV-1 and 10 (8.3%) had only HIV-2. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were the predominant bacteria. Antibiogram of the bacterial isolates determined by using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion showed that most of them were susceptible to augmentin, gentamicin, peflacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and amoxicillin but were highly resistant to commonly used, over-the-counter drugs like chloramphenicol, tetracycline and streptomycin. This thus poses additional burden on the healthcare system in its attempt to manage HIV using anti-retroviral drugs among other methods, along with immunity enhancing drugs while the search for HIV vaccines still continues.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126003173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allografts: Hand, wrist and forearm","authors":"Giampietro Bertasi, Mariana Peroni","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2022.5.2.0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2022.5.2.0061","url":null,"abstract":"Bone defects are a very common problem in hand surgery and in wrist surgery. Bone allografts may be used instead of autologous bone graft to avoid donor site morbidity. Flexor and extensor tendon injuries significantly impact a patient’s quality of life, resulting in significant functional deficits; soft tissue allografts may be used instead of autologous grafts as well.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129772463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-healing ulcer on great toe treated with ADM","authors":"Vijay Kr Kakkar, Giampietro Bertasi","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2022.5.2.0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2022.5.2.0058","url":null,"abstract":"Foot ulcers are a common complication of diabetes that is not being managed through methods such as diet, exercise, and insulin treatment. Ulcers are formed as a result of skin tissue breaking down and exposing the layers underneath. The management and successful treatment of diabetic wounds represents a significant therapeutic challenge. To this end, the development of novel therapies and biological dressings has gained increased interest. Acellular matrix therapy has shown promise in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) in several studies.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116278105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of eye protection efficacy of sweet potato leaf ethanolic extracts In Vivo","authors":"Yu-Hsing Lin, Yun-Xuan Chang, Hsiao-Yun Chen, Ping-Min Huang, Chia-Yu Lin, Tzu-Yun Chi, Guan-Hong Chen, Ying-Ching Hung, Ya-Peng Wang, Tsung-Han Wu, Yen-Jung Lu, Chien-Chao Chiu, Ching-Feng Chiu, Hsuan-Wen Chiu, Wei-Huang Tsai, Chia-Chi Chen, Shao-Wen Hung","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2022.5.2.0059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2022.5.2.0059","url":null,"abstract":"Many studies have been verified that human retina contains a large amount of carotenoids such as lutein and zeaxanthin, especially the concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin in the retina and macula are 1,000 times higher than other tissues in human. Therefore, lutein and zeaxanthin play an important role in the health of human vision. The research and development (R&D) of agricultural functional materials or products for eye protection is urgently needed. In this experiment, except for the normal control group, the other groups were irradiated with light-emitting diode (LED) light at the range of 600-1,000 lux for 12 hours / day for 6 weeks. All BALB/c mice were fed with the normal composition for 6 weeks during the experiment. BALB/c mice in the negative control group and three sweet potato leaf ethanolic extracts (SPLEE) groups were fed SPLEE [0.31, 0.62, and 1.23 mg/kg body weight (BW), respectively] for 6 weeks by gavage during the experiment. During the experiment, the eye status of BALB/c mice in each group were observed every week. At the end of the experiment, the BALB/c mice were sacrificed and their eyes in each group were collected for hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, free radical detection, and the detection of cytokine gene expressions (IL-6; interleukin-6 and TNF-α; tumor necrosis factor-α) and caspase-3 gene expression. Based on the results of this experiment, no obvious lesions by ophthalmoscopy were observed in the eyes of BALB/c mice in three SPLEE groups. H&E and IHC staining results showed that the consumption of high dose (1.23 mg/kg BW) of SPLEE significantly improved retinal outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness, which was compared to the negative control group. Other evaluation indicators included retinal out segments-inner segments (OS/IS) thickness, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) staining, and middle-wavelength opsin (M-opsin) staining, showed no significant difference among three SPLEE groups and the negative control group. The free radical detection results showed that no statistical difference between all groups (p > 0.05), however, the trend showed that the free radicals in the high and middle doses (1.23 and 0.62 mg/kg BW) of SPLEE groups were lower than those in the negative control group and the low dose (0.31 mg/kg BW) of SPLEE group. The results of IL-6 and TNF-α gene expression showed that the normal control group and three SPLEE groups were significantly lower than the negative control group (p < 0.05), while the gene expression of caspase-3 was not significantly differences between all groups (p > 0.05). Taken these results together, the high dose SPLEE (1.23 mg/kg BW) has the better potential for improving the retinal ONL thickness and anti-inflammatory effects under LED irradiation.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"306 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121275379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of calcitor fertilizer and neem leaf extract concentration on production and quality of siam orange fruits","authors":"Ni Komang Alit Astiari, Ni Putu Anom Sulistiawati, I Nengah Suaria, I Nyoman Rai","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2021.4.1.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2021.4.1.0035","url":null,"abstract":"This research was conducted in Belancan Village, Kintamani District, Bangli Regency, Bali, Indonesia, from December 2020 to July 2021, which aimed to increase production and fruits quality of Siam orange with calcitor fertilizer and concentration of neem leaf extract. The study used a randomized block design, factorial with 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor was calcitor fertilizer consisting of 4 concentration levels, i.e., 0 cc/l/tree (K0); 2 cc/l/tree (K1), 4 cc/l/tree (K2), and 6 cc/l/tree (K3), while the second factor was neem leaf extract consisting of 3 concentration levels, i.e., 0% (M0), 5% (M1), and 10% (M2). The results showed that the interaction between calcitor fertilizer and neem leaf extract concentration had no significant effect on all observed variables. Calcitor fertilizer with a concentration of 6 cc/l/tree could improve the quality of Siam orange fruit, which was reflected by the increase in the number of fruit per tree (106.44 fruit), weight per fruit (114.08 g), weight of fruit per tree (14 .37 kg), fruit diameter (6.89 cm) and total dissolved solids (11.52 %brix) or increased by 27.56%, 7.54%; 40.74%; 12.58% and 44.72%, respectively, than those of control. While in the treatment of neem leaf extract at a concentration of 10% increase the number of fruit per tree (107.73 fruit), weight per fruit (117.44 g), fruit weight per tree (16.04 kg), fruit diameter (7.58 cm) and total dissolved solids (10.83% brix), or an increase of 69.44%; 18.76%; 78.84% and 42.31%, respectively, than those of control.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129619399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastro-retentive drug delivery system: A better approach of drug delivery system","authors":"Rajiv Kumar, Rohit Kumar Chopra, Harpreet Singh, Parminder Nain, RK Dhawan","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2021.4.1.0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2021.4.1.0045","url":null,"abstract":"The oral route is the best and most popular route for the administration of drugs in the systemic circulation. There are number of drugs which are given through the oral route. Gastro-retentive drug delivery system is very important system for the drug delivery system. The gastro-retentive drugs prolonged the drug time in the git and also improve their their bioavailability. These are widely used for site specific for the treatment of git disorders and diseases. There are number of approaches for gastro retentive drug delivery system such as floating system, mucoadhesive system, swelling system, high density system etc. In this review we discussed about approaches and various perspectives of gastro retentive drug delivery system.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114495473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two worst pandemics- Spanish Flu and COVID-19: A review","authors":"Varsha T. Dhurvey, Payal A. Ramteke, Rakhi Sawan, Shikha Sethiya","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2021.4.1.0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2021.4.1.0050","url":null,"abstract":"1918 Spanish flu and COVID-19 can be considered as most hazardous pandemics earth has ever witnessed. They are results of what mayhems an organism not even visible with naked eye can cause. Causative agent for both the diseases is a virus but, they are not same. 1918 Spanish flu gave major indications that it has the existence of the new strain of flu and lasted for longer duration affecting lives in various ways. COVID-19 is again an indication of another emerging worst pandemic. Here, we have reviewed the overall factors that contributed to the severity of these two pandemics and comparison of the same. The main motive of this paper is to put together, compare and analyze versatility of both the pandemics and to discuss implications of the same.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128665164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foot and mouth disease virus: A review","authors":"R. S. Jumaa, S. Mohsin, D. I. Abdulmjeed, O. F. Atshan","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2021.3.2.0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2021.3.2.0038","url":null,"abstract":"As seen by prior tragic outbreaks in many places throughout the world, the foot and mouth disease virus, or \"FMDV,\" is one of the most critical challenges in animal health. In this review, the major features of FMDV, as well as aspects of its interactions with cells and hosts, were discussed. On the other hand, present and upcoming FMD treatment approaches. The first vertebrate virus found was the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). A capsid protein and the viral genome (+ve sense single strand RNA) make up FMDV. The icosahedral symmetry of the viral structure is made up of structural proteins (VP1, VP2, VP3, and VP4) as well as non-structural proteins (L, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D). The viral replication takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell. Because FMDV has a short incubation period, it spreads quickly. Direct contact is the most often used method of FMDV transmission. The occurrence of direct contact via aerosol and mechanical transmission (fomites, feed, and water). The immunological response is stimulated by the infection with FMD. However, due to virus antigenic diversity, the immune response does not always protect against FMD (antigenic shift). FMDV is divided into seven serotypes based on antigenic variation. O, A, C, SAT-1, SAT-2, SAT-3, and Asia-1 are the serotypes in question. O is the most frequent serotype.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131515555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of toxicology studies on mammals","authors":"Dunya Khalaf Hamad","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2021.3.2.0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2021.3.2.0037","url":null,"abstract":"Chlorinated cyanurates are added to swimming pools as disinfectants. In the presence of water, these materials hydrolyze to yield cyanurate and hypochlorous acid. To evaluate the safety of exposure to these materials, a comprehensive testing program was undertaken. This review summarizes the results of acute and subchronic tests on chlorinated isocyanurates. Findings from acute, subchronic, reproduction, metabolism, mutagenicity, and chronic/carcinogenicity tests on cyanurate are also summarized. Results from these tests indicate that chlorinated isocyanurates are safe for use in swimming pools.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121517780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}