Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of the effect of boiling and autoclaving of legume grains on tannin concentration","authors":"Donald Mudenda Chisowa","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2022.7.1.0080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2022.7.1.0080","url":null,"abstract":"The study was designed to evaluate the effect of boiling and microwave treatment methods on reducing the concentration of tannins in Soy bean (Sb), Cowpea (Cp) and Pigeon pea (Pg) legume grains (LGs). The raw samples of LGs were roasted in a microwave oven for 3 and 6 minutes at 120 Three (3) LG seeds weighing 30 gms were boiled for 30 and 60 minutes in water at 100 oC. Meals of Raw, boiled and microwaved Sb, Pp and Cp LGs were subjected to proximate analysis for levels of tannins using the Folin-Ciocalteu assay technique. Absorbance for each sample as indicator of tannin concentration was read from UV-VSI spectrophotometer. Tannic acid levels in micrograms for the three (3) samples were read from the standard curve and the tannin content was calculated as on dry matter basis. Raw samples showed no significant (p<0.01) difference in tannin content in Sb, Cp and Pp. Boiling the LGs in water for 30 minutes resulted in the reduction of tannin up to 46.6% Sb, 53.5% Pp and 42.5% Cp. Boiling for 60 minutes resulted in the reduction of tannins to 62.5 % Sb, 72.9% Pp and 75% Cp respectively. Microwaving the LGs for 3 minutes resulted in 46.7% Sb, 54.2 % Pp and 37.5% Cp reduction of tannin levels respectively. Microwaving for 6 minutes reduced tannins by 71.1% in Sb, 65.1% in Pp and 65% in Cp. No tannin significant (p˂0.05) difference was observed for the effect of boiling and microwave treatment LGs.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125704924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Menstrual hygiene management practices among secondary school girls in Ifakara Town, Kilombero District, Tanzania","authors":"Sylivester W. Mkama","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2022.7.1.0078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2022.7.1.0078","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In developing countries many adolescent girls lack appropriate information, materials and access to the right sanitary facilities to manage menstruation. Therefore, this study aimed to assess menstrual hygiene management practices among secondary school girls in Ifakara Town, Kilombero District, Tanzania. Methods: A school based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2021 among secondary school girls Ifakara Town, Kilombero District, Tanzania. A total of 138 girls were selected randomly and interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Results: Overall, 67.4% of the girls had good knowledge on menstrual hygiene management practices. Out of these, 94.2% used commercial disposable sanitary pads as absorbents, 92.7% Changed pads more than three times a day during menstruation, 96.4% Cleaned external genitalia with soap and water during menstruation. Conclusion: In this study, the practice of menstrual hygiene management of secondary school girls was good. This highlights the need of education on menstrual hygiene management to all secondary school girls country wide.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134258372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnobotanical study of the Chontal home gardens of Simón Sarlat, Centla, Tabasco, Mexico","authors":"Miguel Alberto Magaña Alejandro, Adalberto Galindo Alcantara, Miguel Ángel Palomeque de la Cruz, y Karina de los Ángeles Ramírez Méndez","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2022.6.2.0079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2022.6.2.0079","url":null,"abstract":"Human-plant interactions are complex and variable phenomena in the different ecological and cultural regions of the Mexican territory. They have obtained from their relationship with nature a series of knowledge, achieving in this way a management of natural resources. This relationship has led them to form small, highly diversified production units called home gardens. Therefore, the objective of this work was to carry out an ethnobotanical study of the home gardens of Simón Sarlat Centla, Tabasco, and Mexico. For this purpose, the study area was visited during the months of August 2020 to January 2021. People with gardens were selected and semi-structured interviews were applied to obtain information about the type of plants they have. Twenty-five orchards were studied in which the age of the people interviewed was between 40 and 80 years old. A total of 193 useful plants were identified in the home gardens, corresponding to 75 botanical families, with Lamiaceae, Solanaceae, Acanthaceae and Asteraceae standing out. Nineteen categories of use were established from the information provided. The category represented by the largest number of plants is ornamental plants with 67 species. Of the 193 species found in the orchards, their origin was identified, of which 125 were introduced plants and 68 were considered native, i.e., only 35% of the flora in the orchards is native. Finally, it is concluded that the home gardens of Simón Sarlat, Centla, Tabasco are very diverse, but that traditional knowledge is being lost because preference is being given to introduce species.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116758218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial activities of camphor on Nigerian currency notes","authors":"Falilat Toyin AKINRULI, Funmi Agnes AJAYI, Ademayowa Adenike ODELEYE","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2022.6.2.0076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2022.6.2.0076","url":null,"abstract":"The use of purses and pouches were recommended to prevent protracted body contact with currency notes in order to abate microbial contamination of the notes, however many currency users do not comply with the use of purses, and many pouches where these notes are kept are usually dirty. It is therefore imperative to look for a way of disinfecting the notes and the environment in which it is kept. Camphor has been discovered as an effective insecticide and has been used by people to safeguard fabrics without adverse health effect. It is instructive to investigate the possibility of using the substance as antimicrobial agent for currency notes. One hundred and twenty- eight (128) samples of currency notes containing different denominations were collected at random from different sources in Ado- Ekiti metropolis. Sixty-four (64) samples were treated with camphor for six hours; the other sixty-four samples were left untreated. Isolation of microorganisms was carried out using pour plate method, microbial loads and antimicrobial activity of camphor on the samples was determined. Isolates from the samples included Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Aspergillus flavus, Mucor, Rhizopus nigrican and Scopulariopsis, but E. aerogenes, Rhizopus nigrican and Scopolariopsis were not isolated on the ₦500 and ₦1000 notes of the treated samples. The microbial loads of untreated currency notes ranged from 1.70 ×102 – 2.4× 102 cfu/ml while that of treated samples ranged from 1.00 × 102 – 1.2 × 102 cfu/ml. The reduction in the number of microorganisms and the microbial loads of the treated samples is evidence that camphor could be used as an antimicrobial agent on currency notes.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"302 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124280416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional programming assessment on the second filial generation pups of the Wistar rats fed with calcium carbide coerced ripened orange: The Haematological Perspective.","authors":"Ogoun, Timipa Richard","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2022.6.2.0077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2022.6.2.0077","url":null,"abstract":"The explicit use of chemicals for fruit ripening is increasing daily and with eminent consequences. The aim of this study is to check nutritional programming on the second filial generation pups of the Calcium Carbide coerced orange juice fed Wistar rats. Mature unripe oranges were gotten from the orange plant in Ogu, Yenagoa, Bayelsa state. The oranges were coerced to ripe with 10gram of Calcium Carbide which was placed in a bowl with 5ml of water for dissolution in a closed metal bucket containing 1kg of the matured orange rapped with black nylon and kept two days to ripe. After ripening, sampled fruits were washed and juiced. 600g of calcium carbide coerced ripened orange was peeled, blended in an electric blender with 350ml/L of distilled water to form the orange juice and was filtered with a clean fine sieve then poured into clean bottles which were labeled and stored in a refrigerator for future use. 21 adult Wister rats [10 males and 11 females] weighing between 126.9- 213.3g were used for this study. The experimental Wistar rats were cohort into two and was allowed to acclimatize for two weeks (fed with grower mash with clean water ) at libitum then, different dosage of the Calcium carbide coerced ripened orange juice was administered orally based on their body weight. A sub-acute test [LD50] was done [with 9 Wistar rats] to assess the lethal dose, using Lorke (1983) formula for administration of samples. Group 1: Normal control group of 6 rats [3 males and 3 females] receive normal water and feeds only as placebo. Group 2: Treatment Group [2] of 6 rats [3 males and 3 females] received Calcium Carbide ripened orange juice. The treatment lasted for four weeks. The Wistar rats were allowed to copulate freely during and after the acclimatization and treatment period. Wistar rats birthed and the Pups of the different groups were collected according to the treatment protocols. The parent Wistar rats were still kept in their distinctive cages without treatment but was allowed free access to feed on the growers mash, clean water and copulation at libitum. In the second birthing the Pups were weighed at birth, at one week and two weeks, then they were sacrificed at the end of the second week and blood samples were collected from the two distinctive cohorts for haematological analysis. The data was analyzed using Statistical Analysis Program for Social Sciences [SPSS 22.0 Version]. The results showed significant increase in PCV, hemoglobin, Total RBC, lymphocytes and reduction in Total WBC, Platelet and Monocytes in the second filial generation pups from the Wistar rats fed with Calcium carbide coerced orange juice. Haematological Indices are biomarkers that indicates functionality of the blood cells with regards to low, normal or high range. There is evidence of nutritional programming in the second filial generation pups as seen in this results.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123042429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Ethanolic Extract of Dissotis rotundifolia Leaves on Wistar Rat Erythrocyte Membrane","authors":"Ebizimor Wodu, Abraham Sisien Eboh","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2022.6.1.0069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2022.6.1.0069","url":null,"abstract":"Medicinal plants have been shown to affect the stability of the erythrocyte membrane. Dissotis rotundifolia leaves have been used in Nigeria to treat certain diseased conditions not minding the effect on the erythrocyte membrane. The aimed of this work is to investigate the impact ethanolic extract of Dissotis rotundifolia leaves have on wistar rat erythrocyte membrane. Twenty-five adult wistar albino rats were randomly distributed into five groups administered 0 (control), 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/100 g body weight. Erythrocytes osmotic fragility was determined by measuring the release of haemoglobin from blood added to tubes containing serially diluted phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4). The results of mean corpuscular fragility (MCF) showed non-significant (p > 0.05) decrease for 50 and 100 mg/100 g body weight doses, while 150 and 200 mg/100 g body weight doses showed non-significant (p > 0.05) increase. The erythrocytes were stabilized by 50, 100 and 150 mg/100 g body weight, while 200 mg/100 g body weight destabilized the erythrocyte membrane. Also, 200 mg/100 g body weight dose showed significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. At relatively high doses, Dissotis rotundifolia may induce oxidative stress causing significant levels of MDA production resulting in alteration of the chemical and structural composition of the membrane. In conclusion Dissotis rotundifolia at low doses may be useful in maintaining the erythrocyte by stabilizing the membrane, whereas high doses destabilize the membrane and compromise membrane integrity.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122407450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An insight to the diabetic ketoacidosis and lactic acidosis among the SARS-COV2 infected individuals","authors":"Hussein Ali Hussein Al-Sa'idy, Ali Esmail Al-Snafi, BasimTurki Alyousif","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2022.6.1.0071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2022.6.1.0071","url":null,"abstract":"A huge number of studies have demonstrated the significance correlation between diabetic ketoacidosis as well as other type of ketosis/hyperosmolar metabolic state deterioration conditions and the SARS-COV2 infection. It is investigated in various infected age group, geneders, and countries. It is reported to be correlated to the two types of diabetes (type I DM and type II DM) available as pre-existing co-morbidity, infection related new-onset developed diabetes of both types or even due to hyperinflammation related acute pancreatitis. In fact, although most of the studies have reported greater survival, however, small single center retrospective studies have reported the association of diabetic ketoacidosis with elevated mortality rate that approaches 50%. Mechanistically, the DKA caused metabolic state deterioration due to the glucose metabolism fluctuation is attributed to the bidirectional sophisticated SARS-COV2 infection and different reasons hyperglycemia disease-disease interaction. Nevertheless, exaggerated inflammatory/immune response may also worsen the glycemic state that brings about ketosis. Remarakably, DKA can be developed even in cases of approximately normoglycemic conditions of the SARS-COV2 infection which is fewly reported, yet, it is attributed to SGLT2 inhibitors therapy. The SARS-COV2 infection related DKA complication among diabetic individuals have been treated with the same therapeutic protocol of non-infectious conditions including insulin and IV replenishment therapy however, with significantly greater dosing regimen. It is worthy to note that the infused replenishment fluids should be carefully calculated along with monitoring the lung function besides careful monitoring the potassium and some other electrolytes level particularly while insulin is intravenously infused. Thus, in order to explore the significance of correlation of this metabolic complication with the virus infection poor prognosis as well as higher mortality rate this survey reports the development of DKA as well as the ketosis related metabolic abnormailities while the course of SARS-COV2 infection among individuals with pre-exisitng and new onset diabetes.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123923370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of Dermacell® Allograft in a diabetic patient with critical limb ischemia","authors":"Vangelis G Alexiou, Stylianos G. Koutsias, Bertasi Giampietro","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2022.6.1.0068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2022.6.1.0068","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by poor insulin secretion or impaired insulin function both leading to hyperglycemia. One of the long-term complications of this disease process is neuropathy. Neuropathy, particularly in the extremities, leads to poor sensation, which contributes to the occurrence of ulcers typically observed on the feet of diabetic patients. Current treatments for diabetic ulcers include wound dressing, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, negative pressure therapy, and, in advanced cases, amputation of the limb.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123726881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An advanced decellularized dermis intended for soft tissue repair: A new surgical approach for DFU","authors":"Sanjay Sharma, Giampietro Bertasi","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2022.6.1.0064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2022.6.1.0064","url":null,"abstract":"Skin substitutes are heterogeneous group of biological and/or synthetic elements that enable the temporary or permanent occlusion of wounds. Although dermal substitutes can vary from skin xenografts or allografts to a combination of autologous keratinocytes over the dermal matrix, their common objective is to achieve the greatest possible similarity with the patient’s skin The acellular dermal matrix allows the body to rebuild its own strong tissue without the need for alloplastic material. The three-dimensional collagen will be replaced by vital new tissue. An alternative treatment for diabetic foot ulcers is a matrix scaffold for new tissue generation, an acellular human dermal matrix (ADM) allograft. Decellularized human skin has been used for a variety of medical procedures, primarily involving wound healing, soft tissue reconstruction, and sports medicine applications.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132323429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative effects of combinations of metformin, omega-3 and omega-6 oil in the treatment of alloxan-induced diabetic rats","authors":"Kingsley Chimsorom Chilaka, Amarachi Chioma Opara, Ugochinyere Jane Chilaka, Godwin Christian Akuodor, Mansur Aliyu Ramalan, Ekene Enekabokom Nwoke","doi":"10.30574/msabp.2022.6.1.0066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2022.6.1.0066","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging evidence suggests beneficial effects of omega fatty acids on diabetic complications. This study was designed to investigate the impact of Omega-3 and Omega-6 oil in the management of oxidative stress associated with complications in diabetes in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Experimental rats used in this study were grouped into four as non-diabetics and untreated, alloxan induced diabetic group, alloxan induced and treated with Metformin, lloxan induced and administered Metformin + Omega-3, alloxan induced and administered Metformin + Omega-6 oil. Effect of Metformin + Omega-3 and Metformin + Omega-6 on plasma glucose were also evaluated. Serum lipid profile before and after treatment, lipid peroxidation activity of malondialdehyde, and antioxidant enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase were assessed. Histological examination of pancreas and liver biopsy were also carried out. The results showed that fasting blood glucose (FBS) levels in day 1, day 7, day 14 and day 21 were significantly (p<0.05) lower than in the other groups. Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly (P>0.05) higher in Metformin + Omega-6 group when compared with diabetic control group at P= 0.011. Malondialdehyde (MDA) activity studied among groups was significantly lower (P< 0.05) in Metformin + Omega-3 group and Metformin + Omega-6 group when compared with the diabetic control group at P =0.008 and 0.016 respectively. There was statistically significant mean weight reduction (P<0.05) post intervention for all the alloxan-exposed rats. Metformin + Omega-6 group liver photomicrograph showed marked regenerated hepatocytes with normal histologic architecture. Metformin + Omega-3 group and Metformin + Omega-6 group photomicrograph revealed moderate regeneration of β cells of the Islets of Langerhans. The study demonstrates that treatment with Metformin and Omega-3 / Omega-6 oil intervention in diabetic rats significantly ameliorates hyperglycemia, exhibits pancreatic protective effects and reduces lipid peroxidation activity of MDA.","PeriodicalId":263752,"journal":{"name":"Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133218855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}