Carbon最新文献

{"title":"Brazing of carbon/carbon composite beams using gold filler with tungsten trioxide and tungsten carbide coatings","authors":"Tatsuki Nakatani,&nbsp;Takahisa Yamazaki","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon/Carbon (C/C) composites are expected to be used as space components due to their excellent specific strength and high heat resistance. This study investigates a reliable brazing technique for C/C composites, aimed at their application as beam members in lunar geodesic dome structures. To improve the wettability of pure gold filler metal and prevent its excessive penetration, the end surfaces of the carbon fibers and the graphite matrix were coated with tungsten trioxide and tungsten carbide. The coating process successfully formed a protective layer on both the carbon fibers and the matrix, facilitating effective gold wetting. In three-point bending tests of the brazed specimens, the average maximum flexural stress reached 48.5 MPa. The fracture occurred as a tensile failure accompanied by interlaminar shear. These results indicate that the joint strength was greater than the strength of the C/C composite base material. Microstructural analyses confirmed that tungsten coatings formed around the fibers. When the C/C composite was placed with an oblique carbon fiber orientation to the joining surface for use as a beam material, the gold filler penetrated along the carbon fiber at an oblique angle. Furthermore, the alternating fiber orientation of the composite contributed to stress redistribution during loading, enhancing joint strength. These findings demonstrate that tungsten-based coatings and fiber architecture are critical to improving the mechanical performance of brazed C/C composite joints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"250 ","pages":"Article 121264"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CeOx-functionalized Pd nanoparticles on single-walled carbon nanotubes for alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction","authors":"Farhan S.M. Ali ,&nbsp;Lanna E.B. Lucchetti ,&nbsp;Med Amine Hammouali ,&nbsp;Eeva-Leena Rautama ,&nbsp;Jani Sainio ,&nbsp;Hua Jiang ,&nbsp;Lilian Moumaneix ,&nbsp;Antti-Jussi Kallio ,&nbsp;Olli Sorsa ,&nbsp;Simo Huotari ,&nbsp;Ramesh K. Singh ,&nbsp;Dario R. Dekel ,&nbsp;Samira Siahrostami ,&nbsp;Tanja Kallio","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sluggish kinetics of hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) in alkaline electrolytes highlight the strong need to develop next-generation catalyst materials for anion-exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFC) anodes. In this study, CeO_x is sequentially deposited on Pd nanoparticles supported on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) via atomic layer deposition (ALD). The obtained Pd@CeO_x SWNT_{16 ALD cycles} catalyst shows an excellent alkaline HOR performance with a specific exchange current of 166 mA mg⁻¹_Pd. This is three times higher than the commercially available Pd catalyst and the highest among reported Pd/CeO_x catalyst materials with different CeO_x overlayer coverages. By combining the X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy and high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy, we confirm that the activity improvement is due to the highly conductive SWNT support enabling the fabrication of high surface area Pd clusters and CeO_x overlayer. These methods reveal that the oxidation state of Ce is varying from Ce³⁺ to Ce⁴⁺ in relation to the CeO_x overlayer thickness and the number of ALD cycles. Density functional theory calculations show that the presence of Ce/CeO_x increases the diversity and population of Pd active sites with improved activity in its vicinity leading to enhanced overall catalytic performance. Moreover, this work provides a new perspective to develop highly active alkaline HOR catalysts for AEMFC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"250 ","pages":"Article 121313"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146074878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outside Front Cover - Journal name, Cover image, Volume issue details, ISSN, Cover Date, Elsevier Logo and Society Logo if required","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0008-6223(26)00101-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0008-6223(26)00101-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"250 ","pages":"Article 121327"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metal–support interactions program methane pyrolysis carbon into percolating MWCNT networks for high-areal-loading dry electrodes","authors":"Gyori Park ,&nbsp;So Yeong Yang ,&nbsp;Hye Won Park ,&nbsp;Ji Su Yun ,&nbsp;Nodira Urol Kizi Saidova ,&nbsp;Soo Hong Lee ,&nbsp;Ji Sun Im ,&nbsp;Kyung Jin Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CO₂-free hydrogen via methane pyrolysis (MP) produces a solid-carbon co-product that must be valorized at scale. We show that catalyst-level metal–support interactions (MSIs) program the structure and porosity of MP-derived multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and, in turn, govern percolation and through-plane transport in Li-ion battery cathodes based on LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂ (NCM811). Alumina-supported Co and Ni catalysts were synthesized by one-step solution combustion, and MSI-driven reconstruction was quantified by X-ray diffraction and H₂ temperature-programmed reduction. Strong Co–AlO_x coupling with partial CoAl₂O₄ formation restricted nanoparticle growth and produced narrower, more graphitic MWCNTs with hierarchical meso–macroporosity and higher conductivity (Co-CNT). Weaker Ni–AlO_x interactions permitted coarsening and yielded thicker MWCNTs that packed into dense aggregates with restricted pore throats (Ni-CNT). To quantify dispersion, we introduced a grid-based carbon dispersity value from microscopic analysis and linked it to network formation. Under wet processing, Co-CNTs percolated at loadings as low as 2 wt% and sustained high-rate operation, whereas Ni-CNTs remained network-limited. Under solvent-free dry processing with polytetrafluoroethylene fibrillation, Ni-CNT dispersity increased from 53.3 % to 87.5 %. This enabled ultrathick electrodes with an areal loading of ∼50 mg cm⁻² that approached ∼7 mAh cm⁻² at low current densities and retained 56 % of the 0.1 C capacity at 1 C, compared with 70 % for Co-CNT. These results establish an explicit linkage from catalyst design and MP performance to carbon product attributes and electrode function, and provide design rules for upgrading MP-derived carbons into high-value conductive additives for thick, high-loading NCM811 cathodes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 121255"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lightweight N-doped carbon aerogels decorated with magnetic CoNi alloy particles for broadband electromagnetic wave absorption and thermal insulation","authors":"Jiang Guo ,&nbsp;Yukun Sun ,&nbsp;Luo Kong ,&nbsp;Feilong Jian ,&nbsp;Wenling Wu ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.121168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.121168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of lightweight, multi-functional, broadband and high-efficiency electromagnetic wave absorption (EWA) materials remains a major challenge at present. In this work, chitosan-derived N-doped magnetic CoNi-decorated carbon aerogels were successfully fabricated by directional freezing and subsequent carbonization process. The constructed directional porous structure and the CoNi-decorated N-doped carbon hetero-interface optimize the impedance matching by regulating polarization, conductivity and magnetic loss. This is achieved by precisely controlling the degree of graphitization and the loading of CoNi alloy particles. Meanwhile, the directional porous framework is benefit for improving multiple reflections and scattering of electromagnetic wave. Remarkably, the fabricated N-Doped carbon aerogels decorated with CoNi alloy particles (CsCN-2) displays optimal EWA performance at low density (0.067 g/cm³) with a minimum reflection loss (RL_min) value of −58.81 dB at 12.80 GHz, and a broad effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) value of 6.96 GHz at thickness of only 3.09 mm. Moreover, when the thickness is reduced to 2.85 mm, the maximum EAB can be 7.52 GHz (from 10.48 GHz to 18 GHz). In addition, the CsCN-2 carbon aerogels also achieve excellent CST simulation results and outstanding thermal insulation. This work presents a novel insight for designing multifunctional carbon aerogels with excllent EWA peroformance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 121168"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roles of precursor structure and hydrogen-donor solvents in the hydrogenation mechanism for mesophase pitch synthesis","authors":"Yan Yang ,&nbsp;Qian Li ,&nbsp;Fangfang Qin ,&nbsp;Pingping Zuo ,&nbsp;Shijie Qu ,&nbsp;Wenzhong Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.121214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.121214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogenation polycondensation is effective for synthesizing coal-based mesophase pitch, yet its molecular-level reaction mechanisms remain elusive. This work investigated the interactions between coal tar pitch fractions (TS and TI-THFS) and hydrogen donor solvents (THN and DHN), successfully synthesizing high-quality mesophase pitch with 99.9 % optical anisotropy. This work revealed distinct molecular weight growth patterns: the TS fraction exhibited a regular 50x-24y-50x increment, while the TI-THFS fraction displayed a growth transition from 24y-50x-24y to 50x-50x. Crucially, the differing mechanisms were elucidated based on the structural characteristics of radical release. THN, by facilely liberating active hydrogen radicals, preferentially reacted with electron-rich aromatic rings to establish conjugated systems and incorporate aliphatic moieties. Conversely, DHN exhibited limited hydrogen-donating capability due to the difficulty in releasing hydrogen radicals, thus favoring dehydrogenative condensation reactions among pitch molecules. These findings provided fundamental insights into the mechanism of hydrogenation polycondensation at the molecular level, laying a theoretical groundwork for controlled mesophase pitch synthesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 121214"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel carbon-based spintronic devices enabled by rhombus-shaped nanographenes","authors":"Yaojun Dong ,&nbsp;Siliang Hua ,&nbsp;Mingfa Peng ,&nbsp;Xixi Tao ,&nbsp;Jinhua Zhou ,&nbsp;Xifeng Yang ,&nbsp;Yushen Liu ,&nbsp;Xuefeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rhombus-shaped nanographenes (RNGs) exhibit significant potential for room-temperature spintronics applications due to their measurable magnetic exchange coupling and robust all-carbon magnetism. In this study, we investigate the spin transport properties of spintronic devices based on RNGs, which are sandwiched between two zigzag graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR) electrodes interconnected via carbon-chains. In the parallel magnetic configuration of the two ZGNR electrodes, an outstanding spin filtering effect is observed, allowing only spin-up electrons to transmit. Furthermore, the connection geometry between the RNGs and carbon-chains plays a critical role in quantum transport. We also explore the photogalvanic effect (PGE) in these RNG-based nanodevices. Under anti-parallel magnetic configuration of the electrodes, light irradiation induces spin-up and spin-down currents of equal magnitude but opposite directions. In this configuration, the net charge current is suppressed, while a finite pure spin current emerges. Notably, the PGE-generated currents can be modulated by the RNG–carbon-chain connection geometry. Our findings highlight the considerable potential of RNGs in designing multifunctional spintronic single-molecule nanodevices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 121243"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical band gap determination of carbon dots: A critical comparison of tangent and Tauc plot methods benchmarked with metal oxides","authors":"Fanhao Zeng ,&nbsp;Chunyu Ji ,&nbsp;Zhuang Xiang ,&nbsp;Lipeng Gao ,&nbsp;Wenjun Xu ,&nbsp;Zhili Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study systematically evaluates the tangent and Tauc plot methods for determining the bandgap (Eg) of carbon dots (CDs), using metal oxides as reference systems. The tangent method proves simple and efficient for materials with well-defined band edges, showing an error within 5.0 %. For CDs containing substantial impurity states, however, the Tauc plot method delivers more reliable Eg estimates than the tangent method. Experimental conditions—such as the dispersion medium (e.g., BaSO₄ ratio) and ambient moisture—are shown to significantly influence the measured Eg values. For CDs lacking a clear zero-absorption region, we recommend a guided extrapolation procedure, which reduces the determination error as high as 20.4 % down to below 2.8 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 121239"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-dependent phosphorescence colors from carbon dots in zirconia for dynamic information encryption and ratiometric thermometry","authors":"Qian Chen,&nbsp;Yuankui Huang,&nbsp;Huifei Wang,&nbsp;Yaoping Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Afterglow materials displaying time-dependent phosphorescence colors (TDPCs) are pivotal for advanced optical encryption, yet their rational design remains challenging. Herein, we report a controllable synthesis of carbon dots (CDs) embedded within a zirconia matrix (CDs@ZrO₂) that demonstrate remarkable TDPCs via facile calcination of a Zr-based metal–organic framework. The composites feature dual emissive centers, producing short-lived blue phosphorescence from the carbon core and long-lived yellow-green phosphorescence from surface states. The calcination temperature precisely tailors the graphitization degree and surface chemistry, enabling programmable control over the emission profile and dynamic color evolution. The ZrO₂ matrix provides multi-confinement of CDs via structural rigidity and covalent/hydrogen bonding, effectively stabilizing triplet excitons and endowing exceptional environmental robustness. The unique TDPC characteristic is successfully leveraged for high-level dynamic information encryption with temporal resolution. Furthermore, the distinct thermal quenching behaviors of the blue and yellow-green phosphorescence components in CDs@ZrO₂ facilitate the development of a ratiometric optical thermometer, exhibiting excellent linear response from 298 to 473 K for quantitative detection and visual semi-quantification of temperature in the range of 298–398 K. This work establishes a novel paradigm for creating intelligent afterglow materials with significant potential in photonic security and sensing technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 121265"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible CF/MXene composites with integrated thermal management and electromagnetic interference shielding performance: A 3D filler architecture route via electrostatic self-assembly","authors":"Yao Wu ,&nbsp;Mengyuan Hao ,&nbsp;Xin Qian ,&nbsp;Mingyuan Li ,&nbsp;Chengxi Zhu ,&nbsp;Yuqing Peng ,&nbsp;Yudong Huang ,&nbsp;Li Liu ,&nbsp;Yonggang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Attributed to the miniaturized configuration of electronic products, it is imperative to explore new materials with integrated capabilities for efficient heat dissipation and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. Carbon fibers (CFs) have attracted considerable interest owing to their advantageous combination of low weight, high strength, excellent thermal and electrical conductivities, and chemical resistance. MXene is characterized by a layered structure and notable dielectric properties. In this study, we have utilized the stepwise freeze-drying and electrostatic self-assembled technique to construct a three-dimensional (3D) CF/MXene hybrid skeleton with honeycomb-like topological structure, followed by the vacuum-assisted molding method to fabricate the flexible CF/MXene/PDMS (CMP) composite material. The 3D CF/MXene hybrid skeleton acts as an efficient network for thermal and electrical conduction, which promotes in-plane heat transfer and strengthens the shielding effect by multiple reflections and scattering of electromagnetic waves at inner interfaces. The results demonstrate that the CMP-6 (0.865 g/cm³) achieves an in-plane thermal conductivity of 6.977 W/m·K and an EMI shielding effectiveness of 75.994 dB at a thickness of 2 mm. This research focusing on dual-functional materials compatible with both thermal conduction and EMI shielding holds crucial importance in addressing the constraints of technological development in the era of electronic information.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 121245"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}