IF 10.5 2区材料科学

Carbon Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120470

Yajun Wang , Tursun Abdiryim , Ruxangul Jamal , Feng Xu , Qilong Zhang , Yiming Liu

引用次数: 0

Density regulation of surface hydroxyl on porous carbons as efficient catalytic supports 多孔碳表面羟基作为高效催化载体的密度调节

IF 10.5 2区材料科学

Carbon Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120469

Ruihong Wang, Yuenan Zheng, Lu Hou, Wen-Cui Li, An-Hui Lu

{"title":"Density regulation of surface hydroxyl on porous carbons as efficient catalytic supports","authors":"Ruihong Wang, Yuenan Zheng, Lu Hou, Wen-Cui Li, An-Hui Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oxygen-containing functional groups play a crucial role in anchoring active metals on supported catalysts, especially hydroxyl groups, which hold advantages in regulating the electronic structure and optimizing the dispersion of metal species through their lone electron pairs. However, the coexistence of various oxygen-containing groups (e.g., C<img>O, C–O–C, C–OH) on carbon support is intractable in identifying the role of hydroxyl groups and revealing structure-activity relationships in the construction of effective supported catalysts. Herein, we established a regulation method for enriching hydroxyl groups of porous carbons by selective removal of ether oxygen-containing species via Diels-Alder (DA) reaction. This results in an increase in the proportion of hydroxyl from 30 % up to 54 %. The high proportion of hydroxyl on the obtained sample ET(200)-Air-HCM serves as an effective site for anchoring Pd species, thus leading to high dispersion of Pd nanoparticles featuring Pd2+ with an electron-deficient state. The highly dispersed Pd2+ species provides abundant active sites for the selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol with 99.7 % conversion and 99.6 % selectivity of benzaldehyde attained over Pd@ET(200)-Air-HCM at 363 K and 1 atm oxygen atmosphere. This study offers a facile method for the selective regulation of the proportion of hydroxyl groups on porous carbon-based materials for catalysis applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 120469"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Facile one-pot synthesis of metal and non-metal doped g-C3N4 photocatalyst for rapid acetaminophen remediation 一锅合成金属与非金属掺杂g-C3N4光催化剂对乙酰氨基酚的快速修复

IF 10.5 2区材料科学

Carbon Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120472

Muhammad Ikram Nabeel , Dilshad Hussain , Naseer Ahmad , Hua-Ming Xiao , Waqas Ahmad , Syed Ghulam Musharraf

{"title":"Facile one-pot synthesis of metal and non-metal doped g-C3N4 photocatalyst for rapid acetaminophen remediation","authors":"Muhammad Ikram Nabeel , Dilshad Hussain , Naseer Ahmad , Hua-Ming Xiao , Waqas Ahmad , Syed Ghulam Musharraf","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, porous diatomic metal and nonmetal doped graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) were synthesized through a one-pot calcination method and used for acetaminophen (ACM) remediation. TeSC3N4 and SrSC3N4, prepared by doping sulfur, tellurium and strontium, showed enhanced photodegradation of acetaminophen compared to pristine g-C3N4 and SC3N4. Among these materials, TeSC3N4-2 exhibited a degradation rate of 99 %, significantly higher than SrSC3N4-2, which showed 95 % degradation in 70 min under visible light irradiation. The reaction kinetics for both materials followed pseudo-first-order model (TeSC3N4-2, R2 = 0.989, 0.0396 min−1, t1/2 = ln2/k 17.5 min, and SrSC3N4-2, R2 = 0.988, 0.0332 min−1, t1/2 = ln2/k 20.8 min). TeSC3N4-2 and SrSC3N4-2 were also used for the degradation of multiple pollutants, and the results showed that methyl orange and congo red were degraded up to 99 %. TOC analysis revealed 95 % removal by TeSC3N4-2 and 88 % by SrSC3N4-2. Several scavengers were utilized to determine the reactive species in the ACM degradation process, and O2•- was found to be the main reactive species. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was employed to monitor drug intermediate formation and degradation pathways, providing detailed insights into the degradation process. This study emphasized the high efficiency of catalysts for multiple pollutants degradation and their environmental friendliness, underscoring their potential applications in eco-friendly water treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 120472"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling electronic effects of Brønsted acid substituents in AlCl3-based superacids: Key role in pitch-based mesophase development 揭示基于alcl3的超强酸中Brønsted酸取代基的电子效应：沥青基中间相发展的关键作用

IF 10.5 2区材料科学

Carbon Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120465

Wensheng Chen, Chunfeng Duan, Renlu Yuan, Zhaokun Ma, Xiaohong Chen, Huaihe Song

{"title":"Unveiling electronic effects of Brønsted acid substituents in AlCl3-based superacids: Key role in pitch-based mesophase development","authors":"Wensheng Chen, Chunfeng Duan, Renlu Yuan, Zhaokun Ma, Xiaohong Chen, Huaihe Song","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Lewis acid-catalyzed pyrolysis is crucial for producing mesophase pitch with high aromaticity and superior molecular orientation. While AlCl3 has long been employed as a catalyst in mesophase pitch synthesis, previous studies have largely overlooked the essential role of Brønsted acids in forming Lewis-Brønsted superacid systems that provide the active catalytic centers. To fully activate the catalytic potential of AlCl3, this study focuses on the impact of the electronic effects of various Brønsted acid (alcohols, water, carboxylic acids, and amides) substituents on catalytic performance. The characterization results demonstrate that Brønsted acids with strong electron-withdrawing groups and conjugated structures significantly enhance the catalytic performance, with cyanoacetic acid identified as the optimal candidate. Kinetic analysis reveals that cyanoacetic acid reduces the reaction activation energy by up to 6 kJ/mol compared to other Brønsted acids. The observed trends in activation energy and mesophase sphere size evolution align well with the electronic nature of Brønsted acid substituents. Furthermore, the superacid ratio critically determines mesophase morphology and carbonized sample properties. Insufficient Brønsted acid reduces active centers and polymerization rates, while excess acid increases counterion concentration, accelerating termination and suppressing polymerization. The bulk-type texture mesophase with 96.91 % anisotropic content was prepared only at the optimal cyanoacetic acid addition of 40 mol%. This study establishes a clear structure-activity relationship between Brønsted acid substituents and superacid catalytic efficiency, providing a rational approach for catalyst selection and optimization in mesophase pitch preparation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 120465"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aligning graphene sheets in aerogel-based composites for enhanced electromagnetic interference absorption 在气凝胶基复合材料中对齐石墨烯片以增强电磁干扰吸收

IF 10.5 2区材料科学

Carbon Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120463

Ji Hun Seo , Hyun Seong Yang , Min Ho Seo , Seon Joon Kim , Juyun Lee , Seyoung Kee , Saeed Habibpour , Sung-Nam Lim , Wook Ahn , Yun-Seok Jun

{"title":"Aligning graphene sheets in aerogel-based composites for enhanced electromagnetic interference absorption","authors":"Ji Hun Seo , Hyun Seong Yang , Min Ho Seo , Seon Joon Kim , Juyun Lee , Seyoung Kee , Saeed Habibpour , Sung-Nam Lim , Wook Ahn , Yun-Seok Jun","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates graphene aerogel-based polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites designed to improve electromagnetic interference (EMI) absorption. These composites are fabricated by infiltrating PDMS into graphene aerogel produced by uni-directional freezing and thermal reduction. This results in a graphene structure with highly aligned orientations. The composites in longitudinal directions exhibit a shielding effectiveness by absorption (SEA) of 8.6 dB/mm and a shielding effectiveness by total (SET) of 11.5 dB/mm in 8.2–12.4 (X-band) frequency range. On the other hand, the transverse direction shows a lower EMI shielding capability with a SEA of 4.5 dB/mm and a SET of 6.7 dB/mm. These are attributed to the fact that the aligned orientation of the fillers increased the internal multiple scattering of incident electromagnetic wave, which increases the propagation path and energy attenuation. These results demonstrate that controlling the filler orientation can significantly increase the EMI performances of graphene/PDMS composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 120463"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interface engineering optimization: in-situ growth NiZn/carbon aerogel composite for high-performance microwave absorption 界面工程优化：原位生长NiZn/碳气凝胶复合材料用于高性能微波吸收

IF 10.5 2区材料科学

Carbon Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120459

Luwei Shao , Xiaoying Li , Yuqi Wang , Gangfeng Xia , Feiyue Fan , Chunchuan Pei , Guangbin Ji

{"title":"Interface engineering optimization: in-situ growth NiZn/carbon aerogel composite for high-performance microwave absorption","authors":"Luwei Shao , Xiaoying Li , Yuqi Wang , Gangfeng Xia , Feiyue Fan , Chunchuan Pei , Guangbin Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Simultaneously achieving radar-infrared compatibility and multi-environment adaptability in a single material poses significant challenges. By amplifying interface effects, this study proposes a composite carbon aerogel design strategy based on multiscale interface engineering and conductive network reconstruction. This study constructed a 3D hierarchical heterostructures of MOF@aramid fiber-chitosan carbon sheets by inducing in situ directed growth of bimetallic MOF on the surface of aramid fibers via amino ligand, and systematically investigated the synergistic wave-absorption as well as thermal insulation mechanism. The results demonstrate that at a relatively thin thickness, the optimal reflection loss (RLmin) reaches −65.69 [email protected]<svg><path></path></svg> GHz with a maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EABmax) of 6.32 GHz. Notably, the simulated sample's radar cross-section (RCS) value shows a 24.67 dB m2 reduction compared to the perfect electric conductor (PEC). Furthermore, the samples demonstrated exceptional thermal management capability, hydrophobicity, and corrosion resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 120459"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Amino-functionalized graphene oxide nanocomposite as an efficient catalyst for the conversion of CO2 into oxazolidinone derivatives via a cascade reaction 氨基功能化氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料作为级联反应将二氧化碳转化为恶唑烷酮衍生物的有效催化剂

IF 10.5 2区材料科学

Carbon Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120451

Maryam Mirza-Aghayan, Mahdi Alizadeh

{"title":"Amino-functionalized graphene oxide nanocomposite as an efficient catalyst for the conversion of CO2 into oxazolidinone derivatives via a cascade reaction","authors":"Maryam Mirza-Aghayan, Mahdi Alizadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120451","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we present the functionalization of graphene oxide (GO) with 3-quinuclidinol (Qu) to create an amino-functionalized graphene oxide nanocomposite (GO-Qu) as a basic catalyst and its application in a cascade reaction for the synthesis of oxazolidinone compounds via a carboxylative cyclization method. The GO-Qu nanocomposite was synthesized from the functionalization of GO with 3-quinuclidinol and was entirely characterized using techniques such as energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The catalytic activity of the GO-Qu nanocomposite was evaluated in a cascade reaction involving a self-condensation reaction of a primary amine compound in the first stage, followed by the synthesis of the oxazolidinone product in the second stage through the addition of an arylacetylene derivative. This cascade reaction was carried out using the GO-Qu nanocomposite as a basic catalyst in the presence of CuI as a co-catalyst under solvent-free conditions. Initially, the self-condensation reaction of amine derivatives was performed under a dry air atmosphere (using a balloon) at 100οC, yielding imine intermediate compounds. Subsequently, this cascade reaction continued with the addition of arylacetylene to this mixture under an atmospheric pressure of CO2 gas (using a balloon) at 100οC. The corresponding oxazolidinone compounds were obtained with good to high yield (70-95 %) after 24 h. The reusability investigation of the GO-Qu nanocomposite showed that it could be recovered and recycled for five runs without a significant reduction in its catalytic activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 120451"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing absorption performance of Nd-doped BaFe12O19/MWCNTs/PDMS composites through stress control and defect engineering via ultrasonic cavitation 通过应力控制和超声空化缺陷工程提高nd掺杂BaFe12O19/MWCNTs/PDMS复合材料的吸收性能

IF 10.5 2区材料科学

Carbon Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120462

Pengyu Li, Xiaohua Feng, Haopeng Yu, Yi Liu, Jing Huang, Ping Zhou, Shuangjie Wu, Hua Li

{"title":"Enhancing absorption performance of Nd-doped BaFe12O19/MWCNTs/PDMS composites through stress control and defect engineering via ultrasonic cavitation","authors":"Pengyu Li, Xiaohua Feng, Haopeng Yu, Yi Liu, Jing Huang, Ping Zhou, Shuangjie Wu, Hua Li","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing new microwave absorbing materials has been an emerging research topic attracting persistent efforts. Here we report BaFe12O19-based microwave absorption (MA) composites constructed using new Nd-doped BaFe12O19 (BF) nanoparticles synthesized via a sol-gel method with varied precursor concentration to regulate residual stress and Nd distribution. Results show that a lower precursor concentration promotes a more uniform distribution of Nd while simultaneously reducing residual stresses and ensuring its homogeneous dispersion. This optimization enhances magnetic loss, resulting in superior MA performances. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with tailorable content are integrated into BF using ultrasonic cavitation. The optimal MA performance is achieved at an MWCNTs content of 3 wt%, corresponding to the percolation threshold. At this composition, the sample consolidated in wax exhibits a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −18.4 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 5.4 GHz. Furthermore, the BF-MWCNTs-PDMS composite demonstrates an EAB of 6.1 GHz and an RLmin of −35.5 dB at a thickness of 1.1 mm. Ultrasonically induced defects in MWCNTs are identified critical for achieving optimal impedance matching and enhanced electromagnetic attenuation, offering valuable insights for the design of advanced MA materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 120462"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Persulfate activation over B, N co-doped carbon nanotubes encapsulated with Fe3C (Fe3C@BN-CNT-x) studied for degradation of Rhodamine B 研究了Fe3C包封的B， N共掺杂碳纳米管（Fe3C@BN-CNT-x）对罗丹明B的过硫酸盐活化降解

IF 10.5 2区材料科学

Carbon Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120447

Shengyu Jing , Qinghan Cheng , Huagen Liang , Ruolin Cheng , Angeliki Brouzgou , Panagiotis Tsiakaras

{"title":"Persulfate activation over B, N co-doped carbon nanotubes encapsulated with Fe3C (Fe3C@BN-CNT-x) studied for degradation of Rhodamine B","authors":"Shengyu Jing , Qinghan Cheng , Huagen Liang , Ruolin Cheng , Angeliki Brouzgou , Panagiotis Tsiakaras","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, B, N co-doped carbon nanotubes encapsulated with Fe3C (Fe3C@BN-CNT-x) were synthesized via a one-step pyrolysis process, which is used to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the degradation and removal of water-soluble dye pollutants. The morphology and crystalline phase structure, elemental composition, specific surface area, pore structure, and defects of Fe3C@BN-CNT-x were subjected to comprehensive analysis and investigation through the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), N2 isothermal adsorption and desorption curves, Raman spectroscopy. Fe3[email protected], the best sample, displayed the largest specific surface area, the highest ratio of Fe-Nx and BC3 centers, and most abundant defect sites. As a result, Fe3[email protected] shows the fastest and highest efficient removal of Rhodamine B (RhB), achieving 100 % degradation efficiency within 8 min. The degradation rate constant of RhB over Fe3[email protected] is as high as 0.531 min−1, which is about 5 times that of Fe3C@N-CNT. Free-radical quenching experiment and electron paramagnetic resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, as well as electrochemical voltammetry, identify the non-radical 1O2 as the dominant reactive species. Other free-radicals, such as SO4•−, •OH, and •O2−, play a minor role, while electron transfer mechanism was not a significant factor in the process of degradation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 120447"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144204000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lightweight Bi-GdF3/Ti3C2Tx packaging aerogel with high electron radiation protection efficiency for MOSFET radiation hardening 轻质Bi-GdF3/Ti3C2Tx封装气凝胶，具有高电子辐射防护效率，用于MOSFET辐射硬化

IF 10.5 2区材料科学

Carbon Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120460

Tianyu Zhang , Yang Hong , Xiaolei Shi , Hongchao Zheng , Jingyang Li , Wenjing Wei , Kai Cui , Yang Li , Wei Qin , Xiaohong Wu

{"title":"Lightweight Bi-GdF3/Ti3C2Tx packaging aerogel with high electron radiation protection efficiency for MOSFET radiation hardening","authors":"Tianyu Zhang , Yang Hong , Xiaolei Shi , Hongchao Zheng , Jingyang Li , Wenjing Wei , Kai Cui , Yang Li , Wei Qin , Xiaohong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing lightweight packaging materials with high radiation protection efficiency for MOSFET radiation hardening is highly significant for enhancing the radiation resistance of MOSFETs in space radiation environments. This work presented lightweight Bi-GdF3/Ti3C2Tx aerogel (BGTA) with high electron radiation protection efficiency (RPE) through self-assembly and directional freezing. Subsequently, a radiation hardened MOSFET was obtained by packaging with BGTA. The resulting BGTA packaging material demonstrates excellent electron protection efficiency (92.23 %) compared to conventional Al packaging materials (23.80 %) at the same areal density. Meanwhile, the BGTA-packed MOSFET shows outstanding radiation resistance, exhibiting a much smaller negative threshold voltage drift value of 0.10 V compared to the Al-packed MOSFET (1.17 V). The electron shielding mechanism of BGTA was analyzed and elucidated by FASTRAD simulation on a micro scale. Due to the synergistic effect of the honeycomb aerogel structure and Bi/GdF3 functional filler in BGTA aerogel, the incident electrons are effectively attenuated, thereby reducing radiation damage to the SiO2 layer of the MOSFET and improving the radiation resistance of the MOSFET. Theoretical calculation results substantiate that the BGTA-packed MOSFET exhibits lower threshold voltage shifts and trapped charges. This work presents a lightweight and highly efficient MXene aerogel packaging material for MOSFET radiation hardening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 120460"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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