Carbon最新文献

{"title":"Perspectives on absorption-dominant electromagnetic interference shielding materials with MXene and carbon-based polymer composites","authors":"Nam Khanh Nguyen ,&nbsp;Daeyoung Kim ,&nbsp;Van Quan Phan ,&nbsp;Minji Kim ,&nbsp;Pangun Park ,&nbsp;Junghyo Nah","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials are essential for reducing unwanted electromagnetic radiation and ensuring the reliable operation of electronic devices. Among various EMI shielding strategies, absorption-dominated materials have gained significant attention due to their ability to reduce secondary reflection while maintaining high shielding effectiveness. This work provides a comprehensive overview of absorption-based EMI shielding materials, focusing on MXene- and carbon-based nanomaterials. The integration of these conductive nanomaterials into polymer matrix composites enables the development of lightweight, flexible, and easy-to-fabricate shielding materials. Furthermore, structural modifications such as foam architectures, gradient structures, and 3D-printed designs have been explored to enhance EM wave absorption while minimizing reflection. Additionally, novel strategies, including molecular-level surface functionalization, electrical polarization, and triboelectric surface charging effects, along with their synergistic interactions, have been explored to further suppress reflectivity and optimize absorption mechanisms. The practical applications of these materials span multi-band frequency EMI shielding, including 5G telecommunications, IoT devices, and automotive radar systems. Looking ahead, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) for materials design and optimization is expected to accelerate the discovery of next-generation high-performance, absorption-dominant EMI shielding materials. By leveraging data-driven approaches, researchers can predict shielding effectiveness, optimize material properties, and reduce experimental costs, leading to more efficient and scalable material development. This review highlights the current advancements, challenges, and future opportunities in absorption-dominant EMI shielding materials, providing an overview of highly efficient, low-reflectivity EMI shielding solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 120276"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The stacking of graphene in a pseudocrystallite","authors":"Shaoqing Wang ,&nbsp;Jidun Sha ,&nbsp;Wenjia Lv ,&nbsp;Yixiu Zhang ,&nbsp;Xueqi Li ,&nbsp;Yuegang Tang ,&nbsp;James C. Hower ,&nbsp;David French ,&nbsp;Harold H. Schobert ,&nbsp;Xin Guo ,&nbsp;Shifeng Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The diversity of carbon materials is fundamentally linked to their internal structure. However, the intrinsic attribute of the carbon structure in relation to the stacking order of graphene layers remains ambiguous. Our work focuses on the internal structure within stacked graphene layers, demonstrating the negative correlation between the (00<em>l</em>) interlayer spacing and the number of layers can be expressed by two simple exponential equations. Furthermore, we propose that graphene layers are generally stacked into a pseudocrystallite, in which the internal stacking order and spatial orientation codetermine the macroscopic characteristics of carbon structures. This perspective could provide a method for comprehending the stacking sequence within a layered carbon system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 120273"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strengthening copper matrix composites by in situ synthesized amorphous carbon nanosheet reinforcements","authors":"Ying Liu ,&nbsp;Yupeng Yao ,&nbsp;Yanxia Wu ,&nbsp;Caili Zhang ,&nbsp;Lin Jing ,&nbsp;Songlin Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Graphene-like carbon nanosheets with large specific surface areas present a great potential to enhance the mechanical properties of copper matrix composites. To achieve the homogeneous dispersion of nanosheet reinforcements in the copper matrix, in-situ synthesis strategies using solid carbon sources have been developed in recent years. However, the influence of in-situ synthesis factors on the microstructures of carbon nanosheets and the corresponding mechanical behaviors are far from clear. In this work, an amorphous carbon nanosheets reinforced copper matrix composite with significantly enhanced strength had been in-situ synthesized. The dependence of the microstructures and tensile mechanical properties of the composite on the amorphous carbon nanosheet concentration was investigated. The in-situ grown amorphous carbon nanosheets induced remarkably refined Cu grains and they could effectively bear the loads transferring from the matrix. Consequently, the copper matrix composite with 0.6 wt% amorphous carbon nanosheets showed the highest yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of 196.5 MPa and 306.4 MPa, respectively, which are 2.56 and 1.51 folds of the pure copper bulk. The strengthening mechanisms of the amorphous carbon nanosheets/Cu composite were further revealed through the microstructure characterizations and theoretical model analysis. The load transfer was considered as a dominant mechanism for the strengthening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 120275"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon induced multiple interfaces and in-situ formed defects in oxidation of Co toward enhancing microwave absorption performances","authors":"Lin Xie ,&nbsp;Ruilin Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaomeng Jiang ,&nbsp;Cui Ni ,&nbsp;Baolei Wang ,&nbsp;Chuanxin Hou ,&nbsp;Di Lan ,&nbsp;Wei Du ,&nbsp;Xiubo Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to obtain multiple interfaces of Co/CoO by tuning the oxidation process and simultaneously clarify the interface migration, Co particles loaded on mangosteen shell-derived carbon (MSC) were prepared, and then oxidized under a mixed atmosphere of Ar/O₂ and 300 °C with different oxidation time. Due to the existence of MSC, the Co can completely oxidized in short time of 60 min and low O₂ concentration of 5 %. The oxidation process is: Co→CoO→Co₃O₄. A lot of defects in-situ formed in the oxidation process can be clearly detectable. Co/MSC composites oxidized at 300 °C for 10 min exhibits considerable minimum reflection loss of −37.86 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 5.28 GHz among the composites with different oxidation times. The Co/CoO, CoO/C, Co/C heterogeneous interfaces are conducive to the depletion of electromagnetic waves through interfacial polarization. The in-situ formed defects are positive for enhancing the dipole prolarization, and the natural resonance is also enhanced due to the presence of Co and its oxides. The positive effects of carbon additive in the oxidation of Co on the in-situ defects formation and multiple interface construction provide a new perspective for designing high performance microwave absorption materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 120272"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-element synergy driven breakthrough in sodium storage performance of phenolic resin-based hard carbon","authors":"Yong Chen,&nbsp;Guangyong Peng,&nbsp;Min Zhao,&nbsp;Yuhan Zhou,&nbsp;Yi Zeng,&nbsp;HanBing He,&nbsp;Jing Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The inherent kinetic limitations of Na⁺ storage in hard carbon anodes plague the advancements in energy density for sodium-ion batteries. Conventional mono-heteroatom doping approaches, constrained by unilateral electronic modulation, fail to synergistically address the dual challenges of creating adsorption-active sites and enhancing ionic diffusion kinetics. Herein, the boron-phosphorus co-doped hard carbon microspheres (BPHCS) were synthesized through a copolymerization and crosslinking reaction. The combined effects of P–O and P–C bonds, along with boron compounds (BC₃, BC₂O, BCO₂) alter the microcrystalline structure of hard carbon, introduce additional Na⁺ storage sites, and establish the n/p-type heteroatom synergy, creating complementary electron-hole transport pathways in hard carbon. The BPHCS exhibited a reversible capacity of 344 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.05 A g⁻¹ and maintained 174 mAh g⁻¹ after 5000 cycles at 5 A g⁻¹, demonstrating superior rate performance and cycling stability. Furthermore, boron doping promotes the formation of graphite-like regions, enhancing the intercalation capability of Na⁺. GITT, ex-situ Raman, and XRD confirm that the sodium storage mechanism in hard carbon follows a \"surface adsorption, interlayer intercalation, and nanopore filling\" model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 120269"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healing of a topological scar: Coordination defects in a honeycomb lattice","authors":"Benjamin N. Katz,&nbsp;Vincent Crespi","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A crystal structure with a point defect typically returns to its ideal local structure within a few bond lengths of the defect; topological defects such as dislocations or disclinations also heal rapidly in this regard. Here we describe a simple point defect – a two-fold atom incorporated at the growth edge of a honeycomb lattice – whose healing may require a defect complex spanning many atoms. <em>Topologically</em>, the two-fold atom disappears into a single “long bond” between its neighbors, thereby making a pentagonal disclination. But <em>chemically</em>, this disclination occupies as much physical space as a six-fold ring. This incompatibility of chemistry and topology can cause a damped oscillation of the Gaussian curvature that creates an expansive healing region, a topological scar.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 120193"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The C@FeCo coaxial composite fibers with enhanced interface polarization and magnetic response toward outstanding electromagnetic wave absorption","authors":"Fulin Liang ,&nbsp;Lichao Zou ,&nbsp;Chao Peng ,&nbsp;Yue Zhuo ,&nbsp;Shaohong Shi ,&nbsp;Jiabin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One-dimensional (1D) carbon-magnetic coaxial composite fibers with remarkable morphological diversity and magnetic anisotropy are important for optimizing magnetic properties and electromagnetic responsiveness. It shows great advantages in promoting electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption, but still faces challenges in revealing the intrinsic mechanism of coaxial fibrous structure in enhancing EMW absorption performance. Herein, the C@FeCo coaxial composite fibers (C@FeCo CCF) are prepared by a combination of coaxial electrospinning and carbonization thermal reduction method. The ferromagnetic fibers uniformly embedded into the core layer of the carbon fibers to form coaxial composite fibers, the coaxial fibrous structure introduces a multitude of heterogeneous interfaces, functional groups and defects, which significantly enriches the loss mechanism and improve the impedance matching, thereby improving the EMW absorbing performance. Ultimately, CCF-0.3 achieves a minimum reflection loss (RL) of -52.99 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 6.57 GHz, which indicates that the coaxial fibers exhibit great EMW absorption. This coaxial structure facilitates a new perspective of the connection between the design of microstructure and electromagnetic characteristics in carbon fibers. Furthermore, it positions C@FeCo CCF as a highly competitive candidate for EMW absorbing applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 120271"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combustion synthesis of carbon hollow nanocubes: DFT modelling and electrochemical performance analysis","authors":"Hayk H. Nersisyan ,&nbsp;Junmo Jeong ,&nbsp;Hoyoung Suh ,&nbsp;Jong Hyeon Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A straightforward, energy-efficient, and scalable combustion synthesis (CS) method for synthesizing graphitized hollow carbon nanocube (G-HCNC) through the magnesiothermic reduction of CaCO₃ is developed. By controlling the synthesis temperature, we effectively modulated the size of self-templated MgO nanocubes, thereby influencing the size and surface area of the hollow carbon nanocubes formed on the MgO surface. In our ongoing experiments, the edge size of G-HCNC ranged from 100 to 500 nm, with a 15–50 nm thickness. Remarkably, a specific surface area as high as 977.5 m²/g near the combustion boundary at <em>k</em> = 8 is achieved. When tested as support for Mo₂C electrocatalyst, G-HCNC demonstrated low overpotential (120 mV) in the hydrogen evaluation reaction (HER). Moreover, when loaded with 10 % Ag, G-HCNC exhibits an excellent specific capacity (428.9 F/g) in a KOH electrolyte. This development holds promise for generating various complex structures enveloped by graphitized carbon layers for energy storage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 120268"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of helical carbon microcoils on toilet paper substrates for low-cost and broadband microwave absorption","authors":"Chen Sun,&nbsp;Tingkang Yuan,&nbsp;Hao Zhang,&nbsp;Xueqing Zuo,&nbsp;Yifeng Zhang,&nbsp;Jinbo Liu,&nbsp;Shaobo Gao,&nbsp;Zeng Fan,&nbsp;Lujun Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon coils (CCs) based microwave absorbing materials (MAMs) have good application prospects in the field of microwave absorption (MA) due to its unique 3D spiral shape, excellent dispersibility and appropriate conductivity. However, CCs are gernerally grown on flat and hard substrates and subsequently be scraped from the substrates. The consumption of substates and the scraping process inevitably increase the preparation cost, which limits the large-scale production and application of CCs. Carbonized toilet paper (CTP) is not only a cheap and efficient MAMs, but also has ability of catalyst loading that makes it suitable as a substrate for CCs growth. Meanwhile, CTP and grown CCs can be used as MAM together without separating them from each other. These largely decrease the production cost. In this work, helical carbon microcoils (CMCs) were successful synthesized on CTP by Ni catalyzed chemical vapor deposition process. CTP and CMCs form an integrated absorbing composite, where the helical CMCs enhance conductive loss and cross polarization loss simultaneously, and the connections between CTP and CMCs induce the interface polarization loss. By precisely controlling the amount of catalyst, the impedance of CTP/CMC is adjusted. The optimized CTP/CMC-10 composite has excellent microwave absorption performance, with an effective bandwidth (reflection loss &lt; −10 dB) of 7.4 GHz and a filling rate of 10 %. This work paves a new way for development of low-cost, broadband, and efficient MAMs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 120266"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional layered structure graphene aerogel with customizable shape by ion diffusion-directed assembly","authors":"Ze Lin ,&nbsp;Chenwei Shen ,&nbsp;Yuxing Xia ,&nbsp;Ruize Ma ,&nbsp;Jie He ,&nbsp;Boyang Zhu ,&nbsp;Yingjun Liu ,&nbsp;Zhen Xu ,&nbsp;Weiwei Gao ,&nbsp;Chao Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aerogels with a layered structure fully leverage the in-plane mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of two-dimensional building blocks for various engineering applications. However, the layered structure aerogels produced by freeze-casting require bidirectional temperature gradient to direct solid crystal growth, limiting the fabrication of complex macroscopic shapes of aerogels for multifunctional protection in specific situations. Here, we developed an ion diffusion-directed assembly (IDDA) strategy to enable the fabricate layered structure graphene aerogels (LGAs) with customizable macroscopic shapes. Metal ions spontaneously diffuse (concentration difference) into the negatively charged graphene oxide (GO) dispersion from the out-of-plane direction of the substrate and assemble GO to form a layered structure. Preparation of custom-shaped LGAs can be achieved by using IDDA strategy with custom-shaped substrates. Layered structure endows LGAs with super-elasticity (nearly full recovery after 10,000 cycles at 90 % compressive strain) and ultrahigh electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance (an EMI shielding effectiveness of 89.3 dB and a specific shielding effectiveness of 107,850 dB cm²/g). Notably, LGAs can provide efficient electromagnetic protection for customized shapes. Additionally, LGAs exhibit strain-sensitive conductivity, demonstrating excellent compression-induced tunable EMI shielding and sensing performance. This IDDA strategy is extendable to other charged colloidal systems, enabling efficient fabrication of layered aerogels with complex shapes and multicomponent, promising for the practical application of multifunctional aerogels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 120265"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}