Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Varriation In Utilization of Modern Contraceptive Among Married Women In The Seven Woredas of Assosa Zone: A Comparison of Bayesian and Classical Approach. Case Study In Assosa Zone, Benishangul Gumuz , Ethiopia","authors":"E. Mengesha, Mekdes Derbie Gonit","doi":"10.21203/RS.3.RS-417295/V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/RS.3.RS-417295/V1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Contraception is a procedure that can be used to avoid pregnancy or childbirth. When women choose to prevent pregnancy or have a longer birth, they frequently use contraceptives. The global prevalence rate of contraceptive use was 64 percent, with Africa responsible for 33 percent. Ethiopia has an estimated rate of 39.2 percent of its population engaging in this activity.Objectives: This study was aimed to identify the predictors of married women’s contraceptive practice using Bayesian and classical approach. In addition, this study has identified the within and between Woredas variation using the hierarchical nature of the data obtained in different woredas. For identifying the better model, researcher has compared the Bayesian and classical multilevel logistic regression models. Methods: This research was conducted in seven Woredas of Assosa zone and was based on a cross-sectional study that primarily focused on married women between the ages of 15 and 49 and the factors that influenced their contraceptive use. Two stage model comparisons were used to approximate the parameters, with the first stage having a null, random intercept, and random slope with a Bayesian approachResult and Conclusion: The overall contraceptive prevalence rate among 6866 married women 3121(45.46%). According to the intra Woreda correlation of the appropriate model, the between Woreda variance in married women's contraceptive practice was 15.71%, with the remaining 84.29 percent variation attributed to differences in contraceptive practice between women. Finally, predictors for married women contraceptive practice such as women's age, place of residence, women's educational level, husband's educational level, women's job, husband's occupation, wealth index, religion, and knowledge of family planning. The Bayesian multilevel model was found to be the most suitable model for fitting the data after a comparison of classical and Bayesian multilevel models.","PeriodicalId":262953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115218895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Variation Sensitivity Against Time For Magnesium Oxide (MgO) Doped Polyaniline Nanocomposites Influenced By Ammonium Persulfate","authors":"M. B, Rahul Jabnoor, S. Kalyane","doi":"10.21203/RS.3.RS-194920/V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/RS.3.RS-194920/V1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Polyaniline and doped polyaniline was prepared by the method of insitu chemical oxidative polymerization with ammonium persulfate as an oxidant agent. The composite polyaniline was mixing the magnesium oxide and polyaniline with the PANI matrix distributions. Polyaniline composite of MgO characterized like as x-ray diffractometer shows structural properties. The electrical properties of polyaniline and composite polyaniline as a conductivity increases with increase in frequency. The sensor property shows the sensitivity with the help of time obtained the sensitivities values the ranges from 120 to 160% from these composites in 50% composite the sensitivity is high.","PeriodicalId":262953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116512381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical Biosensor Based on Furosemide-Gold Nanoparticles for The Determination of Dopamine for Practical Applications","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcerp.05.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcerp.05.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, by taking the advantage of the facile & controlled synthesis of furosemide derived gold nanoparticles (Fr-AuNps) for rapid and sensitive amperometric determination of dopamine (DP). The one-step synthesis of FrAuNps was carried out at room temperature without the use of strong reducing agents. The synthesized Fr-AuNps were studied by UV-Vis spectroscopy, and a strong absorption band for gold nanoparticles was observed at 520 nm. Transmission electron micrographs (TEM) revealed the average particle size below 100 nm. HRTEM showed excellent crystalline features as prepared gold nanoparticles. The electrochemical behavior of gold nanoparticles was examined by cyclic voltammetry (CV) which demonstrated the enhanced electrocatalytic kinetics activity towards the oxidation of dopamine. The presented dopamine biosensor exhibited a linear response for the dopamine in the range of 0.25 to 7 µM. The calculated the detection limit found to be 18.3 nM and limit of quantification 61.5 nM respectively. The proposed dopamine biosensor was successfully employed for the quantification of trace amount of dopamine from human serum and the obtained results are very satisfactory.","PeriodicalId":262953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116929402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of 5-Nitro-1,2,4-Triazol-3-One Via: Conventional Heating, Microwave and Ultrasonication","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcerp.05.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcerp.05.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"In this laboratory experiment 2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,5-Triazol-3-one(TO) was synthesized using mixture of semicarbazide hydrochloride(SC.HCl) and formic acid in 1:3 mole ratio. TO was further nitrated using 70% nitric acid (HNO3) to produce2,4-dihydro-3H-5-nitro-1,2,5-triazol-3-one(NTO). For the nitration reaction three techniques were employed: conventional heating, microwave assisted and ultrasound assisted reaction. It was found that the extent of gases generation during the reaction was reduced when microwave and ultrasound was employed as compared to the conventional heating method. The time taken for the completion of the reaction was only 15 min when microwave was used.","PeriodicalId":262953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122817074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nоvеl Grаdiеnt Chrоmаtоgrаphic Mеthоd fоr Simultаnеоus Thеrаpеutic Drug Mоnitоring оf Cеfеpimе, Vаncоmуcin аnd Lеvоflоxаcin in Humаn Plаsmа fоr Hоspitаl Аcquirеd Pnеumоniа Pаtiеnts","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcerp.05.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcerp.05.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"А nоvеl grаdiеnt HPLC mеthоd hаs bееn dеvеlоpеd fоr rаpid аnd simultаnеоus dеtеrminаtiоn оf thrее аntibiоtics, cеfеpimе, vаncоmуcin аnd lеvоflоxаcin in humаn plаsmа. Thе usе оf thеsе аntibiоtics in cоmbinаtiоn аs еmpiricаl аntibiоtics fоr thе trеаtmеnt оf hоspitаl аcquirеd pnеumоniа crеаtеs thе nееd tо dеvеlоp а mеthоd fоr mоnitоring thе sеrum lеvеl оf vаncоmуcin in thе cоncоmitаnt prеsеncе оf thеsе аntibiоtics. Sеpаrаtiоn wаs cаrriеd оut оn а GmbH® Rеprоsil BDS C18 cоlumn (5 µm, 150 x 4.60 mm) using а grаdiеnt mоbilе phаsе оf ЕtОH: 0.025M KH2PО4 аdjustеd tо pH 3.50 using оrthо - phоsphоric аcid in thе fоllоwing sеquеncе, (0: 100, v/v) аftеr 6 min (30: 70, v/v) thеn аftеr 2 min (0: 100, v/v) аt аmbiеnt tеmpеrаturе. Thе flоw rаtе wаs 1 mL/min аnd mаximum аbsоrptiоn wаs mеаsurеd аt 220 nm. Thе rеtеntiоn timе оf cеfеpimе, vаncоmуcin аnd lеvоflоxаcin wаs nоtеd tо bе 2.90 ± 0.04, 3.53± 0.02 аnd 5.42 ± 0.05 minutеs rеspеctivеlу, indicаting а vеrу shоrt аnаlуsis timе. Аlsо, limits оf dеtеctiоn wеrе rеpоrtеd tо bе 0.19, 0.17 аnd 0.21 µg/mL fоr cеfеpimе, vаncоmуcin аnd lеvоflоxаcin, rеspеctivеlу, shоwing а high dеgrее оf thе mеthоd sеnsitivitу. Thе mеthоd wаs thеn vаlidаtеd аccоrding tо FDА guidеlinеs whеrе it wаs fоund tо bе аccurаtе, rеprоduciblе аnd rоbust.","PeriodicalId":262953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125543933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemistry Laboratory Safety Signs Awareness Among Undergraduate Students in Rivers State","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcerp.05.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcerp.05.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"Chemistry laboratory instructions do not only provide students with practical experiences but also teaches students on hazardous materials/chemicals as well as laboratory safety signs so as to prevent or minimize harm in the laboratory. Consequently, the purpose of this research study was to investigate Rivers undergraduate students’ awareness level of safety signs in Chemistry laboratory. To this end, three research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted analytic descriptive survey design. A total of 60 year three undergraduate students studying Chemistry Education (B.Sc. Ed) and Pure Chemistry (B.Sc.) were randomly drawn from three universities namely; University of Port Harcourt (Uniport), Rivers State University (RSU) and Ignatius Ajuru University of Education (IAUE) with each university contributing 20 students. A well validated and researchers constructed test instrument, titled, Chemistry Laboratory Test on Safety Signs (CLTSS) which had an internal reliability index of 0.94 via Cronbach Alpha was used for data collection in the study. The relevant data collected were subjected to simple percentages, mean, standard deviation, t-test and analysis of variance (One-way ANOVA) as statistical tools. The results of the study revealed that majority of the students misunderstood the definition of chemical hazards. In addition, they experienced confusion in matching chemicals commonly found in Chemistry laboratory (i.e., sodium hydroxide) and the meaning of chemical safety sign. An indication that students’ awareness level of safety signs is low. A second finding of the study showed that there is a difference in the awareness level of safety signs between Chemistry Education (B.Sc. Ed) students and their pure Chemistry (B.Sc.) counterpart, however, the difference was not significant statistically. Also, the finding showed that the awareness levels of safety signs among undergraduate Chemistry students are not significantly dependent on institutional types. Based on the findings of the study and the fact that the findings from this study provide basic information for teaching and learning, it was recommended among others that, lecturers in the course of teaching should promote students’ awareness of the proper handling, storage and disposal of hazardous materials/chemicals vis-à-vis their safety signs.","PeriodicalId":262953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114220756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dielectric, Electrical Conductivity Behavior and Molecular Modeling of Some Pyrimidine and Purine Compounds","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcerp.05.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcerp.05.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"The dielectric and electrical conductivity measurements for biologically active nucleic acid compounds reveal semiconducting properties and small relaxation times. On the basis of electronic transition within molecules, two pathways for the conduction of electricity may be expected. The first conducting process occurring in the lower temperature region is attributed to n→π* transitions which require less energy to be performed. In the upper temperature region, conduction could be attributed to π→π* transitions which need more energy to participate in electronic conduction. The observed increment of conduction in the upper temperature region may be attributed to interactions between n→π* and π→π* transitions. Quantum chemical parameters such as the highest occupied molecular orbital energy (EHOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy (ELUMO) were given using molecular modeling. Energy gap (ΔE) and parameters which give information about the reactive chemical behavior of compounds such as electronegativity (χ), chemical potential (µ), global hardness (η), softness (σ) and electrophilicity index (ω) were calculated.","PeriodicalId":262953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131468905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on washability characteristics of low-volatile Indian coking coal by differential crushing","authors":"Sugali Sekhar Chandra","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-74261/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-74261/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The effect of differential crushing on liberation characteristics has been studied for a low volatile coking coal of Indian origin through washability studies. Two parameters, namely “Index of Washability” (IW) and “Near Gravity Material Index” (NGMI), are used to describe the ease of washability. The ROM Coal is crushed to four different top sizes namely, 75 mm, 25 mm, 13 mm and 6 mm.On the basis of calculated IW it is observed that relative ease of washabiltiy increases with decrease in top size. From calculated IW values it may be said that this coal can be economically beneficiated using gravity process after crushing to -6 mm size. From the calculated NGMI values, the critical specific gravities have been estimated and the values for crushing to -75 mm,-25 mm,-13 mm and − 6 mm are 1.65, 1.68, 1.53 and 1.58 respectively. These critical specific gravity values suggest the separation at this specific gravity range is most difficult task using gravity methods. From NGMI analysis, it may be said that the NGMI values for coals crushed to -25 mm & -6 mm are identical (≈ 0.18) at 17% clean coal ash content. This suggests that with similar degree of difficulty, clean coal of 17% ash can be produced from these two different crushing sizes. In order to increase the yield for the clean coal of 17% ash, the decision on blending these two size coals may need to be taken.","PeriodicalId":262953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121693494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could Putting the Mesenchymal Stem Cells Technology into Practice Be an Optimistic Therapy for The Critically Ill COVID-19?","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcerp.04.03.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcerp.04.03.01","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 comes to light, quickly developing status. Daily, we know more about the human new coronavirus (HCoV19), which is extremely infective with heavy pneumonia connected with fast virus reproduction. Emerging in Wuhan China 31 December 2019, the contemporary COVID-19 outbreak has quickly overripe taking place directly between individuals so contagion extending to be a world health emergency at present on pandemic level. The pandemic has had deep impacts on everyday lifetime towards numerous of the world. Presently no therapy, no specified remedies or inoculations are ready to treat the patients with COVID-19 pollution and investigators here and there the globe are jostling to recognize present medication or synthesis that could be functional versus it. Therefore, there is a great unmet requirement for a secure and efficient therapy for COVID-19 contaminated cases, particularly the serious cases. What types of therapies might now assist? What are the lab craft strategies to restraining coronavirus? Ago mid-February, one tactic that has acquired rising attraction is stem cell therapy, curing that have often been saw as a potential magic bullet by despairing patients suffering from degenerative incurable conditions. In plentiful of these diseases, truth has so far to coincide with the hype. The cell based-therapy doings by supporting the body’s precocious refractory reply in an orientation that could goal the coronavirus. Now stem cell-based therapy for COVID-19 is earning incentive in China. The tally of the world emergency has visible governments frequently proclamation the company global to develop in the search for a cure, and the Australian corporate Mesoblast – a global commander in cell-based therapies for a lot of illnesses – are earned recently the approval to start clinical trials of their possess stem cell based product against COVID-19. Taking into consideration that generality of the dead sick people were produced by serious inflammation reaction, it is extremely demanding to advance efficient curative factors and strategies for that cases. I present an accurate lab modality in preparing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which might be a perfect option to cure the seriously sick novel COVID-19 cases. Beneath this situation, I suppose that blood derived MSCs generated from the critically ill novel COVID-19 patient itself (autologous) suggested as a treatment for him. Therefore, my viewpoint spots a modern curative strategy.","PeriodicalId":262953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125613427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Bedbugs infestation, Crowding and Awareness level among Government boarding Secondary school students in Moshi urban, Tanzania","authors":"Peter Raphael Massawe, Ezekiel Emmanuel Wahhay, Baraka Gideon, J. Kitau, Amedeus Mushi","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-47433/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-47433/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background. Bedbug infestation is the worldwide problem according to World Health Organization, and the infestation is characterized by biting reactions including systemic, cutaneous reactions and sometimes psychological disturbance. Prevalence of bedbug infestation is low (6%) in developed countries while in Sierra Leone is 98% and Tanzania is 56% in which is tremendously high. As the bedbug infestation is among neglected conditions and because of high prevalence in Tanzania, the studies to determine this burden, some risk factors (crowding) and awareness among specific populated communities especially schools is inevitable for planning strategies in eradication of bedbug.Objective. To determine the prevalence of bedbug infestation, crowding and awareness level among boarding government secondary school students in Moshi Urban.Methodology. A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July 2018 at Moshi Urban in Kilimanjaro region. The structured standard questionnaire was used to obtain the demographics information of participants, asses awareness. Personal observation was used to determine prevalence and crowding in the corresponding student’s dormitories. Results. The prevalence of bedbug infestation was 58.1% (223) among 384 study participants. Logistic regression analysis showed that 72.6% of the students with bedbug infestation were found to be living in the overcrowded dormitories. There was association between overcrowd and bedbug infestation (OR=2.50, 95%CI (1.63-3.83) P=0.001. Only 32.7% of the infested students involved in this study were aware with bedbugs (OR=0.8795% CI (0.56-1.35) P=0.54. Conclusion. The overall prevalence of bedbug infestation was found to be high among students living in the overcrowded dormitories and those who were not aware on bedbug biology and behavior, transmission, control and prevention ways. Education concerning bedbugs is needed to increase the community awareness together with management of number of student in accordance to the available facilities and resources.","PeriodicalId":262953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124520383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}