Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Modification to a Formulation for Optimal Performance","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcerp.05.02.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcerp.05.02.06","url":null,"abstract":"The chemical composition of household chemicals used was identified in table 1. The bubbling power of the tablets in water was found to be due to the reaction between vitamin C and cream tartar with baking soda. The molar amounts of reactants were calculated for optimal performance, producing the greatest amount of bubbling per tablet.","PeriodicalId":262953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125112057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of Beta-Carotene as Natural Dyes from Cucumis Melo Via Soxhlet Extraction Method","authors":"H. Dafalla","doi":"10.33140/jcerp.05.02.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcerp.05.02.05","url":null,"abstract":"Natural dyes are pronounced as an interesting alternative to fabricated dyes. Accordingly, the attractive demand to develop the extraction techniques of the best ingredients of solid and liquid for natural dyes colorants from fruits materials and their application in human life. Extraction is processed using solvents or using modern techniques like ultrasonication and microwave. In this respect, the extraction of natural colorant from Cucumis melo has been investigated as a model. Determination of the structure of active ingredients was performed conducted by UV spectroscopy and gravimetrical analysis. Through the analysis of the results, it will be confirmed that the dye extracted from Cucumis melo of intense color is beta-carotene, which is considered as one of the most colored dyes. Therefore, we recommend using such dyes in the industrial fields especially for coloring and decorating sweets.","PeriodicalId":262953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128385214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Under-Five Mortality in Tach-Armachiho District, North Gondar, Ethiopia","authors":"A. Abera, Hunachew K Yohannis","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-778984/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-778984/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Under-five mortality rate, often known by its acronym U5MR, indicates the probability of dying between birth and five years of age, expressed per 1,000 live births. Globally, 16,000 children under-five still die every day. Especially in Sub-Saharan Africa every 1 child in 12, dying before his or her fifth birthday. This study aims to identify the determinants of under-five mortality among women in child bearing age group of Tach-Armachiho district using count regression models. Methods: For achieving the objective, a two stage random sampling technique (simple random sampling and systematic random sampling techniques in the first and second stages respectively) was used to select women respondents. The sample survey conducted in Tach-Armachiho district considered a total of 3815 households of women aged 15 to 49 years out of which the information was collected from 446 selected women through interviewer administrated questionnaire. Results: The descriptive statistics result showed that in the district 16.6% of mothers have faced the problem of at least one under-five death. In this study, Poisson regression, negative binomial, zero-inflated Poisson and zero-inflated negative binomial regression models were applied for data analysis. Each of these count models were compared by different statistical tests. So that, zero-inflated poisson regression model was found to be the best fit for the collected data. Results of the zero-inflated Poisson regression model showed that education of husband, source of water, mother occupation, kebele of mother, prenatal care, place of delivery, place of residence, wealth of house hold, average birth interval and average breast feeding were found to be statistically significant determinants of under-five mortality. Conclusions: In this study, it was found that the factors like average birth interval and average breast feeding were found to be statistically significant factors in both groups (not always zero category and always zero category) with under-five child death whereas education of husband, source of water, place of delivery, mother occupation and wealth index of the household have significant effect on under-five mortality under not always zero group. Place of residence, kebele of mother and prenatal care have a significant effect on under-five mortality in Tach-Armachiho district on inflated group.","PeriodicalId":262953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121754546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Multinomial Logistic Regression Model on Factors That Affects The Need for Children Among Ethiopian Women","authors":"Habitu Liyew Molla, Turufat Seifu Moges","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-809361/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-809361/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Need for children (desire for children), is one of the major factors influencing the population dynamics. Like other fertility preferences, it is not fixed but changes over the family life course in respect to actual fertility experiences and outcomes. The objective of this study was to identify socio-economic and demographic factors that affect the need for another child (desire for more children) among Ethiopian women of reproductive age (15-49).Methods: The study was based on Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS), 2016 data. A total of 15,683 women with complete information were considered in the study. A Multinomial Logistic Regression Model, a family of generalized non-linear models, were used to identify determinant factors for the need to children (desire for children) among women in Ethiopia using STATA 14 and SPSS 23.Results: Results showed that among the reproductive age women’s 65.51% were need to have childe, and their average age was 25.05, 27.18% were don’t like to have child and their average age was 35.73, the rest 7.31% of the women were not decide where they need children or not and their average age was 24.8. From multinomial logistic regression model, Region, contraception using (for yes 0.658293 (0.58889, 0.73586) for undecided 0.6310024 (0.50151, 0.79394)), marital status, age of women (for yes 0.896552 (0.88968, 0.90348) for undecided 0.9282431 (0.91632, 0.94033)), number of living children, religion, age at first marriage ( for yes1.057528 (1.04363, 1.07161) for undecided 1.041 (1.01434, 1.06836)), wealth index, women’s employment and women’s education were significant effect on the need for children among Ethiopian women.Conclusions: This study was based on a nationwide large sample demographic and survey conducted by the Ethiopian Statistical Agency. The study has empirically investigated and identified the determinants factors that affect the need for children among Ethiopian women. The multinomial logistic regression model analysis identified that variables such as marital status, contraception using, number of living children, age at first marriage and age of women play vital role in deciding on weather women need to have children or not. Region contraceptive using women’s employment, women’s education level and number of living children have negatively associated with outcome variable.","PeriodicalId":262953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115345637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and characterization of Silicon Carbide Coating on Graphite Substrate","authors":"F. Mohammad, M. A. Sharif, A. Ahmed, M. Suhail","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-882675/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-882675/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The development of materials with unique and improved properties using low cost processes is essential to increase performance and reduce cost of the solid rocket motors. Specifically advancements are needed for boost phase nozzle. As these motors operate at very high pressure and temperatures, the nozzle must survive high thermal stresses with minimal erosion to maintain performance. Currently three material choices are being exploited; which are refractory metals, graphite and carbon-carbon composites. Of these three materials graphite is the most attractive choice because of its low cost, light weight, and easy forming. However graphite is prone to erosion, both chemical and mechanical, which may affect the ballistic conditions and mechanical properties of the nozzle. To minimize this erosion Pyrolytic Graphite (PG) coating inside the nozzle is used. However PG coating is prone to cracking and spallation along with very cumbersome deposition process. Another possible methodology to avoid this erosion is to convert the inside surface of the rocket nozzle to Silicon Carbide (SiC), which is very erosion resistant and have much better thermal stability compared to graphite and even PG. Due to its functionally gradient nature such a layer will be very adherent and resistant to spallation. Despite its very good adhesion due to its functionally gradient nature, this layer due to its porous nature exhibit poor oxidation performance compared to a dense SiC layer. The current research is focused on synthesizing, characterizing and oxidation testing of a bi-layer; a functionally gradient inner layer and dense outer layer, SiC coating on graphite.","PeriodicalId":262953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117185249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reusing System of the ballast water","authors":"K. Mounir","doi":"10.21203/RS.3.RS-711830/V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/RS.3.RS-711830/V1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Increasing water consumption is a problem faced by the world; one of its solutions is reusing water. Reuse is about changing processes that result in polluted water byproducts so that the resulting water is usable again. Our major problem is to reuse unusable or polluted water. We are not treating the water, but we are changing processes to make water byproducts usable again in the same process or even a different process. Our solution is to reuse ballast water in transporting oil. Oil ships are heading from one country to another, and they are loaded with oil. These ships return to be loaded with ballast water instead of oil to prevent the risk of overturning this ship. In other words, the ballast water is used to make the ship stable which is the purpose of the ballast water to return to their original countries in peace. Our goal is to purify this ballast water mixed with oil residues by relying on the density difference. The first step is to place a source of solid air in the tanks to provide some bubbles inside the tank. Secondly, put some of the iron peels inside the tanks to stick these peels with the bubbles, then by a magnetic field attracts the pollutant bubbles attached to the iron scales, and the ballast water remains in the tank to be used again. Before writing a test plan, we demonstrated two design requirements. The first one is ballast water quality which has two parts the turbidity and oil, grease, and all extractable matter by chloroform in the water, while the second design requirement is the environmental impact. By making a test, the results were astounding because it achieved the design requirements that we put into making this project applicable for reusing this polluted water after purifying it.","PeriodicalId":262953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114822985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-Waste Curd Water as a Greener Protocol for the Synthesis of Biginelli Products at Ambient Temperature","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcerp.05.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcerp.05.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"A highly efficient, greener and reusable protocol has been developed for the Biginelli reaction. The biowaste curd water employed as a green solvent as well as catalyst for the synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones derivatives. The soluble organic acid (i.e. lactic acid) responsible for the acidity to curd water which adequately fulfills the purpose of acid catalyzed reaction, where three component coupling of aldehyde, urea and ethyl acetoacetate reacted together in the presence of curd water at a low temperature and yields classical dihydropyrimidinones derivatives. During the reaction, continuous product formation and isolation was observed. The product precipitate was separated by the successive method of filtration. This bio-waste water catalyzed method is highly retrievable and advantageous over the trend of high-temperature Bronsted acid/metal acid catalyzed reactions offering the product. Compared with the classical Biginelli reaction conditions, this new method has the advantage of good yields (76-82%) and short reaction time (2-3 hours)","PeriodicalId":262953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126931290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theory of Heat Transfer in Straight Round Pipes with Square and Triangular Turbulators Under High Reynolds Criteria","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcerp.05.02.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcerp.05.02.04","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To carry out mathematical modeling of the structure of vortex zones between periodic flow turbulators with a surface arrangement of triangular and square transverse profiles on the basis of multi-block computing technologies based on solutions of the Reynolds equations (closed by means of the Menter shear stress transfer model) and energy equations (on multi-scale intersecting structured grids) with high Reynolds criteria Re = 106 with an exhaustive analysis of the corresponding current lines. Method: The calculations were carried out on the basis of a theoretical method based on the solution of the Reynolds equations by the factorized finite-volume method, which are closed using the low-Reynolds model of the Menter shear stress transfer, and the energy equation on multi -scale intersecting structured grids (FCOM). Result: Mathematical simulations of the heat exchange process in straight and round pipes with turbulators with d / D = 0.95 ... 0.90 and t / D = 0.25 ... 1.00 square and triangular cross-sections at large Reynolds numbers (Re = 106) on a foundation with multi-block computing technologies, which are based on solutions of the Reynolds equations and energy equations in a finite-volume and factorized way. It is found that the relative intensification of heat transfer [(Nu / Nusm) | Re = 106] / [(Nu / Nusm) | Re = 105] in round pipes with square air turbulators for large Reynolds numbers (Re = 106), which may well be relevant in the channels used in heat exchangers, may be higher with a large-scale increment of hydraulic resistance than for slightly smaller numbers (Re = 105), for relatively high flow turbulators d / D = 0. 90 for the entire range under consideration for the parameter of the relative step between them t / D = 0.25 ... 1.00 a little more than 3%; for turbulators of triangular cross-section, similar indicators are approximately the same. For lower square turbulators with d / D = 0.95, this increase in relative heat transfer for large Reynolds numbers (Re = 106) compared to smaller numbers (Re = 105) does not exceed 6%; for triangular cross-section turbulators, similar indicators are slightly more than 4%. Conclusion: According to the results of calculations based on the developed model, it is possible to optimize the intensification of double turbulators, as well as to control the process of heat transfer intensification. It is shown that for higher square turbulators and at higher Reynolds numbers, a slight increase in the relative Nusselt number Nu / Nusm is accompanied by a significant increase in the relative hydraulic resistance due to the very significant influence of return currents, which can flow directly on the turbulator itself to the greater extent, the higher the Reynolds number; for triangular turbulators, the above trend persists and even deepens.","PeriodicalId":262953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115357108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Chemistry Laboratory Equipment Availability and Practice: A Comparative Study Between Damot and Jiga Secondary Schools","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcerp.05.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcerp.05.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"The project was designed to compare the laboratory equipment availability (facilities) and status of practical work between Damot senior secondary school and Jiga senior secondary school and their performance with the standard (average test value). All chemistry teachers and 30 students from each secondary schools a total of 84 respondents were involved. Closed ended questionnaire were prepared and descriptive survey method was employed to describe and one sample t-test method was used to assess the degree of availability of facility and the status of implementation and independent t-test was used to compare the degree of availability of facility and the status of implementation. Total average equipment availability and total average laboratory practice (Mean=2.09, sd=0.29, t(83)=-12.53, p<0.05) is far from the test value (2.5). Average Laboratory equipment availability and laboratory practice in Damot high school is (Mean=2.31, SD= 0.221, n=43) had statistically significant difference from Jiga high school (Mean=1.87, SD=0.158, n=41), t(82) =10.611, p<0.05, Cohen’s d=2.32. From the analysis of Chemistry laboratory equipment availability and laboratory practice in both Damot secondary school and Jiga secondary school were found in very low level and much far less than the average availability of chemistry laboratory equipment and status of laboratory practice. From the data analysis average chemistry laboratory equipment availability and status of laboratory practice of Damot secondary school is better than that of Jiga secondary school.","PeriodicalId":262953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117335504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"evelopment the Professional Competence of Students on the Continuous Natural Scientific Education in the Uzbekistan","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcerp.05.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcerp.05.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"The article summarizes the experience of teaching natural science disciplines for various areas of training of students in pre-university educational institutions. The purpose of the disciplines “Chemistry”, “Physics” and “Biology” is to form a holistic natural science worldview among students, which determines both the scope of tasks and the list of general cultural and general professional competencies being formed. The study revealed that in lyceums that implement continuing education in the “college-university” and “lyceum–university” systems, it is advisable to study general subjects of the natural science cycle at two levels: basic and advanced degrees. The study showed that in the course of general education natural science disciplines, it is advisable to allocate professionally significant information in a separate block (module).","PeriodicalId":262953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry: Education Research and Practice","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115316975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}