{"title":"Joachim Lelewel’s methodological ideas","authors":"Marta Ciechowicz","doi":"10.19195/1895-8001.16.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19195/1895-8001.16.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of this paper is to capture the essence of a Polish historian Joachim Lelewel’s methodological ideas and their philosophical underpinning. For this purpose, I analyse his publication entitled History: Its Branching and What It Is Based On, which has thus far been overlooked in research. I propose a new perspective on Lelewel’s work, taking into account his European inspirations in the field of historical theory and his tendency to combine the contradictory research approaches of the Enlightenment and Romanticism. I address topics related mainly to the theory of historical cognition, the subject of historical study, source criticism, the concept of truth, historical interpretation, methods of historical analysis and selected rhetorical principles.","PeriodicalId":262683,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophica Wratislaviensia","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127101413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sztuka i adaptacja. Adoracja, aberracja, abominacja","authors":"Łukasz Huculak","doi":"10.19195/1895-8001.16.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19195/1895-8001.16.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The text, commenting on The Art Instinct: Beauty, Pleasure, and Human Evolution by Denis Dutton, and the premises contained in it that aesthetic preferences derive from individual and social adaptation mechanisms, will attempt to consider the aspect of the usefulness of art less emphasised by Denis Dutton as a tool for developing and deepening individual perceptual competences. The effective functioning of the nervous system, including efficient handling of individual senses (i.e. the degree of sensitivity to stimuli) and the ability to critically analyse them, provides organisms not only with spatial orientation, but also allows them to plan and predict potential cause-effect sequences.","PeriodicalId":262683,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophica Wratislaviensia","volume":"75 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126018745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wprowadzenie do dialogów Platona","authors":"Albinus Ze Smyrny","doi":"10.19195/1895-8001.16.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19195/1895-8001.16.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262683,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophica Wratislaviensia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131094796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Twórczość jako adaptacja? Sztuka zagrożona wyginięciem…","authors":"Agnieszka Bandura","doi":"10.19195/1895-8001.16.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19195/1895-8001.16.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper I try to defend contemporary art (avant-garde and post-modern) from the criticism of evolutionary aesthetics. Referring to selected theses put forward by Jerzy Luty in his book Art as Adaptation. Universalism in Evolutionary Aesthetics (2018), I propose an alternative to them in the form of philosophical anthropology (Gehlen) and evolutionary theory considered as bricolage (Jacob). Above all, I challenge the hypotheses of the evolutionarily and biologically adaptive function of art and the condition of pleasure it must necessarily provide.","PeriodicalId":262683,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophica Wratislaviensia","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123486896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Estetyka ewolucyjna: między uniwersalizmem a adaptacją","authors":"P. Przybysz","doi":"10.19195/1895-8001.16.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19195/1895-8001.16.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The publication of Jerzy Luty’s book is a very good opportunity to look at the achievements of contemporary evolutionary aesthetics. In Jerzy Luty’s book one can find not only a successful and accurate presentation of the views of E. Dissaneyake and D. Dutton, but also the discussion of a number of difficult problems arising from the analysis of the nature and function of art from the evolutionary point of view. One such problem is undoubtedly the problem of the universalism of art, while another is the problem of art as adaptation. In the paper, I discuss and analyse the original solutions to the problems of universalism and the adaptive nature of art proposed by the author of the discussed book.","PeriodicalId":262683,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophica Wratislaviensia","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114560003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Czy zwierzę może być dziełem sztuki. Kilka refleksji na marginesie książki Jerzego Lutego „Sztuka jako adaptacja”","authors":"Z. Pietrzak","doi":"10.19195/1895-8001.16.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19195/1895-8001.16.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Art as Adaptation [published in Polish as Sztuka jako adaptacja], a book by Jerzy Luty, provokes one to seek the roots of art not only in cultural processes but also in biological (evolutionary) processes. The consequences of this evolutionistic perspective render the question whether other species, apart from human beings, create art, and if so, how it manifests itself valid. In this paper, I emphasise that if we recognise art as the effect of evolutionary processes, we should also face the fact that at least some species of animals should be treated as authors or creators to some degree. What is more, we should recognise that these animals themselves are works of art. To justify this thesis, naturalists point to birds. \u0000The recognition that animals can create art implies another question, namely, whether they have an aesthetic sense. Finally, there is one more question that needs to be reflected upon, which is whether nature itself is beautiful (ugly), or aesthetically neutral, analogous to the question of whether it is good or bad. The latter question is ontological.","PeriodicalId":262683,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophica Wratislaviensia","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127855919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Platonizm w epoce imperium rzymskiego — Albinos ze Smyrny","authors":"A. Pacewicz","doi":"10.19195/1895-8001.16.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19195/1895-8001.16.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is an introduction to the Polish translation of Albinus’ Introduction to Plato. The first part presents Albinus himself in the light of the testimonies from ancient literature, and the second part is a commentary to Albinus’ text.","PeriodicalId":262683,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophica Wratislaviensia","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127601939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sztuka jako adaptacja: uniwersalizm w estetyce ewolucyjnej","authors":"Jerzy Luty","doi":"10.19195/1895-8001.16.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19195/1895-8001.16.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is a synoptic review of my monograph Art as an adaptation. Universalism in evolutionary aesthetics (2018), which is the analysis of the evolutionary theory of art — a theoretical phenomenon that has been developed in recent years, a discipline that explains the origin of human admiration for beauty and human inclination to create and admire art based on Darwinian theories of natural and sexual selection. The main objective of the paper is to determine to what extent the evolutionary perspective enriches our concept of art and whether naturalization and universalization of the analysis of art can be enlivening for aesthetics in the face of its crisis. On a more general level, the aim of the work is to demonstrate that the use of evolutionary hypotheses in the humanities, based on the achievements of, among others, biology and evolutionary psychology, human behavioural ecology and cognitive archaeology, can become a recipe for the conceptual and identity impasse in the humanities in general. In the paper I make a case for the claim that the evolutionary study of art and artistic behaviour indicates art’s inalienability “as a result of the inner human need”. It also formulates justified assumptions in a philosophical debate on the existence of aesthetic universals and the credibility of the universalist position in art theory. According to this, art operates as part of a natural, immutable apparatus of sensations, universal to all humans.","PeriodicalId":262683,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophica Wratislaviensia","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114816247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rola ascetyzmu w antropologii filozoficznej Henryka Elzenberga","authors":"Antoni Płoszczyniec","doi":"10.19195/1895-8001.16.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19195/1895-8001.16.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is the reconstruction, analysis and presentation of Henryk Elzenberg’s philosophy of the human being, with particular emphasis on his concept of asceticism. Elzenberg’s philosophical anthropology is based on the pessimistic evaluation of reality, which itself is founded on the negative evaluation of human nature. Human nature is corrupt because of the primary will of humanity, which is selfish and self-seeking and which strives only for utilitarian values. The overcoming of pessimism is possible by the transformation of self-seeking will, and asceticism is a remedy which enables human beings to see and realise true, perfectionist values. Asceticism can overcome basic instincts, which pull human nature down to the animal-like state of being. In Elzenberg’s philosophical anthropology, asceticism creates culture and culture grants humanity to humans, which is a trope similar to the ancient conception of paideia.","PeriodicalId":262683,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophica Wratislaviensia","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116432815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transcendence in the thought of Hannah Arendt","authors":"Katarzyna Gurczyńska-Sady","doi":"10.19195/1895-8001.15.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19195/1895-8001.15.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"This article is an attempt to determine the status of transcendence within the works of Hannah Arendt. This topic belongs to a niche when it comes to the scope of interests of the thinker whose interests focused upon the philosophy of politics. However, since Arendt concentrated on the reflection on man and his culture, her ideas reach beyond socio-political issues. Drawing a picture of the world as a place created by people, and distinguishing it from the world of nature, she draws indirect attention to what goes beyond it. In Arendt’s writings, the sphere of transcendence appears as what does not appear, yet it does exist and affects our existence in an even more noticeable way than the actions of politicians. For this reason, I attempt to determine not only the ontological status of transcendence, but also the status of a thinker who appears in Arendt’s writings as a mind. These tasks will require reconstructing the sphere of what does not appear (transcendence), and the way it is connected with the sphere of phenomena. This will be done on the basis of an analysis of the activities that a person performs, and individual spheres in which her life takes place.","PeriodicalId":262683,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophica Wratislaviensia","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130820062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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