Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput.最新文献

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Optimal DNA Codes for Computing and Self-Assembly 计算和自组装的最佳DNA代码
Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput. Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/jnmc.2009010101
M. Garzon, Vinhthuy T. Phan, A. Neel
{"title":"Optimal DNA Codes for Computing and Self-Assembly","authors":"M. Garzon, Vinhthuy T. Phan, A. Neel","doi":"10.4018/jnmc.2009010101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jnmc.2009010101","url":null,"abstract":"DNA has been re-discovered and explored in the last decade as a “smart glue” for self-assembly from the “bottom-up” at nanoscales through mesoscales to microand macro-scales. These applications require an unprecedented degree of precision in placing atom-scale components. Finding large sets of probes to serve as anchors for such applications has been thus explored in the last few years through several methods. We describe results of a tour de force to conduct an exhaustive search to produce large codes that are (nearly) maximal sets while guaranteeing high quality, as measured by the minimum Gibbs energy between any pair of code words, and other criteria. We also present a quantitative characterization of the sets for sizes up to 20-mers and show how critical building blocks can be extracted to produce codes of very high quality for larger lengths by probabilistic combinations, for which an exhaustive search is out of reach.","PeriodicalId":259233,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput.","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115184379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Organising Chemical Reaction Networks in Space and Time with Microfluidics 用微流体组织时空化学反应网络
Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput. Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/jnmc.2011010104
Gareth L. Jones, C. Lovell, H. Morgan, K. Zauner
{"title":"Organising Chemical Reaction Networks in Space and Time with Microfluidics","authors":"Gareth L. Jones, C. Lovell, H. Morgan, K. Zauner","doi":"10.4018/jnmc.2011010104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jnmc.2011010104","url":null,"abstract":"Information processing is essential for any lifeform to maintain its organisation despite continuous entropic disturbance. Macromolecules provide the ubiquitous underlying substrate on which nature implements information processing and have also come into focus for technical applications. There are two distinct approaches to the use of molecules for computing. Molecules can be employed to mimic the logic switches of conventional computers or they can be used in a way that exploits the complex functionality offered by a molecular computing substrate. Prerequisite to the latter is a mapping of the versatile means to achieve this. In the present paper we review microfluidic technology as a versatile means to achieve this, show how we use it, and provide proven recipes for its application.","PeriodicalId":259233,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput.","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133943041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
DNA Computing DNA计算
Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput. Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-61692-797-4.ch005
Tao Song, Xun Wang, Shudong Wang, Yun Jiang
{"title":"DNA Computing","authors":"Tao Song, Xun Wang, Shudong Wang, Yun Jiang","doi":"10.4018/978-1-61692-797-4.ch005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61692-797-4.ch005","url":null,"abstract":"Biomolecular computing, especially DNA computing, is a biologically inspired computing method. Biomolecular and bio-chemistry operations are introduced in solving hard problems in DNA computing. So it is quite a great advancement of soft computing in the 20th century and it also plays an important role in constructing low energy costing and huge information storing computing models. Nowadays it has been widely accepted as a new computing model for future computing devices in computer science. As we know, NPABStRACt","PeriodicalId":259233,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput.","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115357985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Computational Model Based on Evolutionary Primitives: Turing Machine Generalization 基于进化原语的计算模型:图灵机泛化
Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput. Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/jnmc.2010010103
O. Granichin, V. Vasilev
{"title":"Computational Model Based on Evolutionary Primitives: Turing Machine Generalization","authors":"O. Granichin, V. Vasilev","doi":"10.4018/jnmc.2010010103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jnmc.2010010103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":259233,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput.","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130895901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Application of Gabor Wavelet in Quantum Holography for Image Recognition Gabor小波在量子全息图像识别中的应用
Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput. Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/jnmc.2010010104
Nuo Wi Noel Tay, C. Loo, M. Perus
{"title":"Application of Gabor Wavelet in Quantum Holography for Image Recognition","authors":"Nuo Wi Noel Tay, C. Loo, M. Perus","doi":"10.4018/jnmc.2010010104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jnmc.2010010104","url":null,"abstract":"Gabor wavelet is considered the best mathematical descriptor for receptive fields in the striate cortex. As a basis function, it is suitable to sparsely represent natural scenes due to its property in maximizing information. It is argued that Gabor-like receptive fields emerged by the sparseness-enforcing or infomax method, with sparseness-enforcing being more biologically plausible. This paper incorporates Gabor over-complete representation into Quantum Holography for image recognition tasks. Correlations are performed using sampled result from all frequencies as well as the optimum frequency. Correlation is also performed using only those points of least activity, which shows improvements in recognition. Analysis on the use of conjugation in reconstruction is provided. The authors also suggest improvements through iterative methods for reconstruction.","PeriodicalId":259233,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput.","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128569327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Unconventional Computing in the Built Environment 建筑环境中的非常规计算
Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput. Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/jnmc.2011010101
Rachel Armstrong
{"title":"Unconventional Computing in the Built Environment","authors":"Rachel Armstrong","doi":"10.4018/jnmc.2011010101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jnmc.2011010101","url":null,"abstract":"The Synthetic Biology engineering based approach to living systems intersects with the new interdisciplinary field of unconventional computing and suggests a new method for design in architectural practice. Living systems possess unique properties that are not present in digital/mechanical systems - their sensors and effectors are intrinsically coupled, perform parallel forms of computation, are able to respond to unpredictable circumstances, respond in real time to environmental changes, and possess a robustness that can result in evolutionary change. This paper proposes how living technology, operating through the principles of unconventional computing could offer new environmentally remediating materials for architectural practice using a bottom-up approach to the construction of buildings and other human-made interventions.","PeriodicalId":259233,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput.","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122013913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
An Analytically Tractable Model of Large Network: Dynamics and Reliability 大型网络的分析可处理模型:动态与可靠性
Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput. Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/jnmc.2010010101
S. Vakulenko, M. Zimin
{"title":"An Analytically Tractable Model of Large Network: Dynamics and Reliability","authors":"S. Vakulenko, M. Zimin","doi":"10.4018/jnmc.2010010101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jnmc.2010010101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":259233,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput.","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129547895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The Crystal Computer - Computing with Inorganic Cellular Frameworks and Nets 晶体计算机-用无机细胞框架和网络计算
Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput. Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/jnmc.2011010103
M. Symes, L. Cronin
{"title":"The Crystal Computer - Computing with Inorganic Cellular Frameworks and Nets","authors":"M. Symes, L. Cronin","doi":"10.4018/jnmc.2011010103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jnmc.2011010103","url":null,"abstract":"The enormous potential of parallel computing has led to the first prototype devices being constructed. However, all the examples to date rely on complicated chemical and/or physical manipulations, and hence do not lend themselves to the kind of widespread investigation necessary to advance the field. This article presents a new paradigm for parallel computing: the use of solid, single crystalline materials as cellular automata suggesting the idea of the “Crystal Computer,” now possible due to a new class of crystalline cellular materials that undergo single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SC-SC) oxidation and reduction (REDOX) reactions. Two avenues are proposed for investigation: reversible single-crystal to single-crystal electronic transformations and solid-state spin transfer within spin-crossover complexes. Both schemes allow computation to occur in three dimensions, within cheap and easy to assemble materials and using commonplace techniques for input and readout.","PeriodicalId":259233,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput.","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123538990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Boundary Pointwise Control for Diffusion Hopfield Neural Network 扩散Hopfield神经网络的边界点控制
Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput. Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/jnmc.2010010102
Quan-Fang Wang
{"title":"Boundary Pointwise Control for Diffusion Hopfield Neural Network","authors":"Quan-Fang Wang","doi":"10.4018/jnmc.2010010102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jnmc.2010010102","url":null,"abstract":"For a close to practical neural network in biology field, in this paper the author address the diffusion Hopfield neural network (HNN) with boundary pointwise control. In the framework of variational method at Hilbert space, the theoretical study finds and characterizes the boundary optimal control solution. Furthermore, with the numerical approach consist of finite element method (FEM) and conjugate gradient method (CGM), computational demonstration is performed for three neurons in two dimensions case. This approach adequately interpreted the effectiveness and feasibility of the control process in a realistic sense. DOI: 10.4018/jnmc.2010010102 14 International Journal of Nanotechnology and Molecular Computation, 2(1), 13-29, January-March 2010 Copyright © 2010, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. works in according to this direction. However, distributed and initial control in Wang (2007) is incredible for real neutrons, even pointwise control in the interior of neural network (Wang, 2009) is also impossible now. Although expect above controls can be realized some day. In fact, at present medical equipments and existing technology level, the most reasonable control which could be performed at neural network, that is external (i.e., boundary) control, particularly at finite points, namely “boundary pointwise control”. A lot kinds of neural networks are reported, for instance spiking neuron model and pulsed neural network and so on. It is well known, J. J. Hopfield proposed Hopfield neural network (HNN) since 1980s (Hopfield, 1982, 1984, 1986), the famous HNN is tremendously applied in a great deal researches (Fitz-Hugh, 1955; Hodgkin, 1952; Nagumo,1962; Nakagiri, 2002; Kunz, 1991; Wilde, 1997; Kaslik, 2007; Litinskii, 1999). It’s convenient to show Hopfield neural network consist of three neurons in Figure 1. As far as we know that most neurons communicate through punctate events (called spikes: a sharp upswing, then a restoring downswing). Spiking neurons connected with output ones, the synapse propagate (exchange) information by spikes once cell’s membrane voltage (firing rate) is going to peak and broken the thresholds, the whole event typically lasting 1~2 millisecond. Those sharp voltage transients travel down the output cables of the axons. As the spikes reach the axon terminal synapses, which connecting the neuron to further downstream neurons, they form the signal indicated that chemical neurotransmitters are released, thus communicating a signal to other neuron. Addtionally, the synaptic excitatory delay is 0.3~1 ms. Omit the slight delay in transmission due to random delays provide more robust (synaptic efficacies) network. For more rational consideration, suppose diffusion would be happen between neurons activities, the involved target control system will be HNN with diffusion term (Wang, 2004, 2005, 2006; Wang & Nakagiri, 2006; Wang, 2007, 2009). As","PeriodicalId":259233,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput.","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132797967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Two-Dimensional Nonlinear Fabry-Perot Interferometer: An Unconventional Computing Substrate for Maze Exploration and Logic Gate Operation 二维非线性法布里-珀罗干涉仪:一种用于迷宫探索和逻辑门操作的非常规计算基板
Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput. Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/jnmc.2011010102
Y. Okabayashi, T. Isoshima, E. Nameda, Song-Ju Kim, M. Hara
{"title":"Two-Dimensional Nonlinear Fabry-Perot Interferometer: An Unconventional Computing Substrate for Maze Exploration and Logic Gate Operation","authors":"Y. Okabayashi, T. Isoshima, E. Nameda, Song-Ju Kim, M. Hara","doi":"10.4018/jnmc.2011010102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jnmc.2011010102","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined a possibility to use a two-dimensional nonlinear Fabry-Perot interferometer (2DNFP) as a novel information processing device. Optical bistability was realized through positive or negative feedback between heat generated by absorption of light and change in resonance condition induced by temperaturedependent refractive index. Due to heat conduction in lateral direction, “turn-on” wave propagates twodimensionally in this device. A novel feature of this device is that the ON-state region can degenerate at suitably weak light intensity. The authors examined the function of 2DNFP as a maze solver utilizing the extension and degeneration modes, as well as its function as logic gates. “AND”, “OR”, and “NOT” gates were realized, thus the logical universality of the 2DNFP was demonstrated. (Sharfin, 1986), and so on. Especially optical bistability in nonlinear Fabry-Perot interferometer has been studied both experimentally and theoretically as a basis to control light by light (Migus, 1985; Marino, 2007; Ono, 2001; Khoo, 1983; Kreuzer, 1994; Cheung, 1983; Wang, 2001; Quintero-Torres, 1995; Sharfin, 1986). Fabry-Perot interferometer is an optical DOI: 10.4018/jnmc.2011010102 14 International Journal of Nanotechnology and Molecular Computation, 3(1), 13-23, January-March 2011 Copyright © 2011, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. device consisting of two parallel mirrors with high reflectivity (Figure 1a) in which the injected light is reflected many times between the mirrors. When the round-trip optical length equals to an integral multiple of the light wavelength, the multiply reflected lights interferes constructively and transmittance of the interferometer becomes high because of interference. If the wavelength does not satisfy the condition above, transmittance is low. Therefore, the transmission presents a resonance property as a function of wavelength (Figure 1b). A nonlinear FabryPerot interferometer utilizes refractive index change of the medium between the mirrors. This change can be induced by light through third-order nonlinear optical process or heat through temperature dependence of refractive index. Assume that a Fabry-Perot interferometer is off-resonant at the wavelength of incident laser light as shown by the dashed thick line in Figure 1b. When the incident light intensity is increased from zero, small fraction of the incident light enters in the interferometer and the intensity in the interferometer increases almost proportional to the incident light intensity. At certain intensity of incident light, positive feedback starts: increase of light intensity in the interferometer causes change in refractive index and resonance shift, resulting in further increase of intensity in the interferometer. This turns the device to a resonant state or “ON” state with high transmission. When decreasing the incident light intensity, the “ON” state is ","PeriodicalId":259233,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Nanotechnol. Mol. Comput.","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121476514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
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