American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"An Updated Review of Werner Janzarik’s Psychopathological Model of Endogenous (Idiopathic) Psychoses","authors":"R. Dalle Luche, Simone Giovannini, C. Maggini","doi":"10.11648/j.ajpn.20231103.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20231103.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":256299,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125495841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismotherapy at the University Hospital in Marrakech","authors":"S. Said, Kachouchi Aymen, Adali Imane, Manoudi Fatiha","doi":"10.11648/j.ajpn.20231102.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20231102.13","url":null,"abstract":": Seismotherapy consists of causing a generalized epileptic crisis by means of an electric current with transcranial administration. (T. Charpeaud, 2016) This therapeutic method is currently undergoing a new remedy in several countries. In our Context as a mental health staff in the city of Marrakech, we found the great inadequacy of The prescription of seismotherapy in the common practice at the level of all psychiatric care Structures Objective of the study: To establish the activity assessment in seismotherapy at the University hospital Ibn Nafis of Marrakech. Methodology: This is a retrospective descriptive study of 21 patients (17 men and 4 women) Who received 264 seismotherapy sessions between 2012 and 2022. We used an operating Sheet to collect information through the traceability register at the seismotherapy room. Results: The two main diagnoses of treated patients were schizophrenic disorders in 55% of Cases","PeriodicalId":256299,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124995520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practicing Psychoeducation at the University Psychiatric Service in Marrakech","authors":"S. Said, Kachouchi Aymen, Adali Imane, Manoudi Fatiha","doi":"10.11648/j.ajpn.20231102.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20231102.12","url":null,"abstract":": Objective: to take stock of the state of psychoeducation at the service level of psychiatry and to evaluate the participation of nursing staff in education therapeutic. Material: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in May 2021 at the university psychiatric service in Morocco on a sample of 70 staff, 62 nurses and 8 psychiatrists. Results: 87 % of caregivers had notions about psychoeducation. 53, 3% reported having received training, 90% of which had benefited from it at the basic curriculum level. the entire personnel involved in the investigation asserted the existence of therapeutic effects of the psychoeducation. 37.09% reported that psychoeducation has an effect on adherence to care and 33.87% considered that the effect of psychoeducation is on behavioural change. 67.74% considered psychoeducation as a therapeutic intervention that did not requires no medical prescription. 85.48% of the surveyed population estimated that the absence of psychoeducation hinders the patient’s overall therapeutic plan. the majority of staff felt that psychoeducation is influenced by related factors 40, 32% reported that the level of education in the A good practice of psychoeducation. Only 22.58% have acknowledged having tried psychoeducation in their practice. 51.61% estimated that the lack of training is the reason why psychoeducation is not integrated in management of patients. In the majority of cases, patients who have received education was schizophrenic and bipolarAll participants in the survey had asserted the therapeutic effect of psychoeducation. The majority affirmed the importance of patient family involvement in psychoeducation. 72, 58% of staff having practiced psychoeducation reported having done so for families. 80.64% have done so on their own initiative. 100% of caregivers were motivated to participate in a psychoeducation training. Conclusion: Adoption by medical staff and paramedical approach to education in their daily practice should be the rule, However, the lack of training of caregivers remains an essential obstacle.","PeriodicalId":256299,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126353116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and Radiological Features of Possible Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus in a Patient with Multiple Sclerosis","authors":"S. Bandrivska, Mykhailo B. Bandrivskyi, Iryna Pepenina, Natalia Maslianchuk, N. Mykhailovska, Iryna Lasiichuk, V. Gryb, T. Slobodin","doi":"10.11648/j.ajpn.20231102.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20231102.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":256299,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129726198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Visualization of Brain Tumor Classifications Using Deep CNN: Xception + BiGRU","authors":"Ashley Seong","doi":"10.11648/J.AJPN.20210904.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJPN.20210904.11","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout the world, brain tumors have become a medical priority as more people suffer from this malignant disease worldwide. In the field of computer science, researchers have been studying to utilize MRI scans to its fullest potential, in recognizing signs of tumors early on, and utilizing computers and convolutional neural networks to process massive amounts of patient data at once in hopes of saving lives. This investigation finds out the specifications of visualization of MRI scans and how filters and layers are used to identify lethal tumors in the brain. For one of our main methods, a pre-trained model to improve accuracy was used - the Xception model. This showed a contrast between previous existing models as those fully connected layers were added to the back of existing ones. Our main proposed model of Xception + Bidirectional GRU had the highest accuracy of 82% out of 7 different models. In our proposed model, Convolutional layers were used to extract specific features of an image and process other similar images in the same way. By using 3 layers of Convolution, Activation, and Max pooling, we saw the networks focus on the actual tumors in the brain by distinguishing patterns in images and focusing on that area to create visual representations. Principal components of this research were the ability to visualize abnormal features of brain scan images to filter out and layer regions to bring attention to tumors in the brain.","PeriodicalId":256299,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126383422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outreach Psychotherapy for Seniors and Psychotherapy in Retirement Homes in German-speaking Countries - An Overview","authors":"Rabaioli-Fischer Barbara, S. Jessica","doi":"10.11648/J.AJPN.20210903.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJPN.20210903.20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Growing older confronts seniors with a variety of challenges and problems. Dealing with losses or the transition to a retirement home and the abandonment of the previous life pose difficulties for people in old age. Although there is a great need for treatment, there are hardly any therapy offers in retirement homes or outreach psychotherapy for seniors. This article aims to provide an overview of the current state of studies on psychotherapy in retirement homes and outreach psychotherapy in German-speaking countries. Study Overview: For this purpose, 9 studies were examined in more detail. Different approaches to psychological and psychotherapeutic care of seniors were adopted in the described studies. In addition to specific therapy techniques, such as life review therapy, there were also non-specific counseling services, activations with music or a clinical consultation and lay service. Despite good approaches in the available studies, controlled research with sufficient samples for significant effects is lacking in this area. Also, the presented approaches often pose challenges to therapists and patients. Conclusion: In summary, this article aims to emphasize the importance of psychotherapeutic work with seniors, whether living at home or in a retirement home. The already elaborated and good approaches, such as life review procedures, should be further evaluated in controlled studies in the future. The studies presented here could provide inspiration for a study in a multicenter setting.","PeriodicalId":256299,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience","volume":"683 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121988785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Study of Prazosin-Induced Hypothermia","authors":"D. Dirocco, S. Doddi","doi":"10.11648/J.AJPN.20210903.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJPN.20210903.17","url":null,"abstract":"A case report of prazosin-induced hypothermia in a treatment-naive patient with PTSD. A 65-year-old woman with bipolar disorder and nightmares resulting from previous traumas was admitted to an inpatient psychiatry unit for mixed state hypomania and depression with suicidal ideation. Prazosin 1mg was started to help manage nightmares and the patient developed asymptomatic hypothermia with a low of 33.5C after 5 days of therapy. After internal medicine and endocrinology consults and appropriate testing did not result in an explanation, prazosin was stopped and her temperature returned to normal. A rechallenge of prazosin again resulted in a temperature decrease and was then discontinued. Hypothermia is not a reported side effect of prazosin in humans, though one previous case study reports hypothermia with a 20mg total daily dose in the treatment of a patient with hypertension. Animal studies indicate two possible mechanisms of action including 1) increased heat dissipation from skin by inhibition of non-shivering thermogenesis and decreased metabolic rate and 2) temperature increases upon rapid eye movement sleep deprivation (REMSD) in rats by increasing noradrenaline. Prazosin modulates REMSD-induced changes in body temperature in rats by blocking the effects of noradrenaline in postsynaptic receptors. To our knowledge, this is only the second reported case of hypothermia induced by prazosin.","PeriodicalId":256299,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience","volume":"38 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120905766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Attention Bias and the Prognosis of Male Patients with Alcohol Dependence","authors":"Qin Yang, Bohui Mo, Liang-shuang Yin, L. Pang, Jiangbo Li","doi":"10.11648/J.AJPN.20210903.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJPN.20210903.16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: long term drinking in alcohol dependent patients seriously affects their physical and mental health. Abstinence treatment is very important, but there is no appropriate prediction method for the effect of abstinence in the past. Objective: In this study, we investigated word-cue attentional bias among male patients with alcohol dependence and its correlation with relapse after abstinence. Methods: Fifty male patients with alcohol dependence (ADs) and 50 male health controls (HCs) completed the Chinese version of the emotional Stroop task to assess attentional bias. The participants were evaluated at the beginning of the task using the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Results: The reaction times of ADs for neutral, negative, and alcohol-related words were significantly higher than those of HCs. The error index of ADs for neutral and negative words is worse than that of HCs. The period of maintained abstinence among ADs was positively correlated with the reaction time to negative words and the error index for negative and alcohol-related words. Linear regression showed the error index of alcohol-related words to be an import factor in terms of relapse. Conclusion: The number of errors in alcohol-related attentional bias cue words may be a predictor of the effect of abstinence.","PeriodicalId":256299,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129033113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychiatric Comorbidity Among Adolescents with Substance Use Disorder","authors":"N. Khan, M. Mullick, Sharmin Hussain","doi":"10.11648/J.AJPN.20210903.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJPN.20210903.14","url":null,"abstract":"Substance Use Disorder (SUD) in adolescents, is a condition in which the use of one or more substances leads to clinically significant impairment or distress. It is a significant public health problem globally with a higher burden in low and middle-income countries. To find out the frequency and pattern of psychiatric comorbidity among the adolescents with Substance Use Disorder. This descriptive and observational study was conducted in the Department of Psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from March 2016 to September 2018. The present study aimed at assessing the presence of comorbid psychiatric disorders among adolescents with Substance Use Disorder (SUD) included a total of 70 adolescents. Over half (60%) of the respondents were 15 years age. The mean age of the respondents was 13.2 ± 2.1 years, and the range was 11-17 years. About 50% of the adolescents interviewed had Tobacco Use Disorder (51.4%), followed by Cannabis Use Disorder (47.1%). Among the respondents, 22.8% had no psychiatric illness. The overall psychiatric disorders among adolescents were 77.1% (54 out of 70). Most of the patients (45.7%) had more than one psychiatric disorder diagnosed. Regarding the specific disorder diagnosed Conduct Disorder was 31.4% and different socio-demographic features. Based on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that adolescents with SUD have a high rate of other comorbid psychiatric disorders.","PeriodicalId":256299,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124934275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Feminine and the Pubertarian: The Pubertarian Novelty According to Freud and Lacan","authors":"O. Ouvry","doi":"10.11648/J.AJPN.20210903.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJPN.20210903.13","url":null,"abstract":"Countless authors have attempted to theorize the passage from the infantile to the juvenile. This passage is not without consequence, as shown by the changes in the semiological and nosological fields, corroborated by the infantile amnesia subsequent to this phase. We propose to approach this question through a re-reading of Freud’s texts. We shall highlight how Freud’s attempt at qualifying infantile sexuality led him to define more and more clearly what distinguishes it from juvenile sexuality; nevertheless he failed to define the threshold that separates them. Thus, on the one hand he reached the threshold of the impossible whilst on the other, and despite himself, he indicated viable clues to its potential theorization. To Freud, this impossibility constituted an impasse at the time. Contributions from linguistics and structuralism allowed for a theoretical opening towards it. To Lacan, it characterizes the Real, the Other jouissance (specific to woman) and the Other’s lack signifier S (Ⱥ). We shall conclude that the pubertarian novelty is the effect - brought by the Real - of the body’s physiological change when it becomes pubertarian. Our hypothesis is in accordance with what Freud had identified as proper to puberty, namely “the displacement of erogenous zones from the clitoris to the vagina”. We may call this effect the advent of the Feminine, vector of the Other sex, which cannot be inscribed in the infantile, phallocentric world. In other words, it is a bodily experience that has no equivalent in the Symbolic realm. Lacan translated this experience into “there is no signifier to woman’s sex”. This Feminine (the capital F indicates its non-inscription in the Symbolic realm) will, during the time of adolescence, find a formalization - not via a signifier which is defaulted but via an object present in reality (which can be the Other sex’s other as much as any addictive, source of jouissance object).","PeriodicalId":256299,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121359594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}