{"title":"استراتيجية تطبيق الذكاء الاصطناعي في مؤسسات الدولة","authors":"Inas D. Mahdi","doi":"10.24086/cuejhss.v8n2y2024.pp65-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24086/cuejhss.v8n2y2024.pp65-74","url":null,"abstract":"بات الذكاء الاصطناعي وتطبيقاته العملية من اكثر المواضيع التي اخذت مجالا واسعا في الدراسات الحديثة واتسع نطاق دراسته ليشمل ميادين لم تكن معروفة منذ عقد مضى ، خاصة بعد ان دخلت تطبيقاته العملية مختلف نواحي الدولة من خطط واليات عسكرية واتمته متقدمة للنظام الاقتصادي وتطبيقات التجارة الدولية ودخول الذكاء الاصطناعي في تحسين وتقييم الاداء المؤسسي في الدولة ، وفقا لذلك ياتي البحث كمحاولة للوقوف على استراتيجية تطبيق الذكاء الاصطناعي في المؤسسات الحكومية وصولا الى عملية تقييم اداء مؤسسي يقوم على الحياد والموضوعية. يتكون البحث من مبحثين اساسيين بالاضافة الى المقدمة والاستنتاجات والتوصيات يتناول المبحث الاول المنطلقات الاساسية في استخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي من خلال ثلاث فقرات تتعلق الاولى بتعريف الذكاء الاصطناعي واستخداماته الحكومية وتختص الثانية بالتعرف على خصائص تطبيق الذكاء الاصطناعي في المؤسسات الحكومية في حين تتناول الثالثة تحديات تطبيق الذكاء الاصطناعي في مؤسسات الدولة ، اما المبحث الثاني فيدرس الخطة الاستراتيجية لتطبيق مخرجات الذكاء الاصطناعي في مؤسسات الدولة من خلال ثلاث فقرات ايضا اذ تدرس الفقرة الاولى استراتيجية اعادة البرمجة الهيكلية لمؤسسات الدولة اما الثانية فتتناول مزايا استخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي في مؤسسات الدولة في حين تتعلق الثالثة دور الذكاء الاصطناعي في تقييم الاداء المؤسسي .","PeriodicalId":255205,"journal":{"name":"Cihan University-Erbil Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141820578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"التحكيم الالكتروني الدولي ومدى كفاية قواعد الاسناد في القانون المدني العراقي لتحديد القانون الواجب التطبيق على موضوعه وسير إجراءاته","authors":"Younis S. Ali","doi":"10.24086/cuejhss.v8n2y2024.pp54-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24086/cuejhss.v8n2y2024.pp54-64","url":null,"abstract":"The electronic arbitration is applied by the agreement of the arbitration parties to submit their disputes arising from contracts concluded by electronic means to a third party to decide them according to based on the parties' agreement, by modern communicating means and electronic technologies different from traditional means used in traditional arbitration. The electronic arbitration will be international, if the legal relation which is the subject-matter of the arbitration, is a legal relation interspersed with a foreign element. Or a special international contractual relation. It is worth-bearing in mind that although Iraq did not issue an international electronic arbitration law, but this study tried hard to determine the applicable law to both the procedures and the subject of the international electronic arbitration in conformity with the legal provisions available in the Iraqi law. We tried hard, in order to perform this legal institutionalization, to resort to some texts of the Iraqi Civil Law No. (40) of 1951, the law of civil procedures No. (83) of 1969, and the law of the electronic signature and electronic bargains No. 78 of 2012.","PeriodicalId":255205,"journal":{"name":"Cihan University-Erbil Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141835393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"شرعية الحكومة في القانون الدستوري والدولي","authors":"Layla I. Abuilkassem","doi":"10.24086/cuejhss.v8n2y2024.pp18-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24086/cuejhss.v8n2y2024.pp18-27","url":null,"abstract":"يتناول البحث موضوع غاية في الأهمية، وهو موضوع شرعية الحكومة في القانونين الدستوري و الدولي، وإن لا نستطيع تحديد شكلها وطبيعتها نظرا للتغيرات و التطورات التي تطرأ عليها عبر الأزمنة، ولكننا في هذا البحث يمكننا تحديدها من خلال معايير القانون الدستوري للدلالة على شرعية الحكومة ،وكما يقتضي النظر إلى قواعد الدولي في تحديد طبيعة الحكومات وشرعيتها، من حيث وسائل وصولها الى السلطة وكيفية ممارستها، وذلك من أجل السير بالدولة نحو الاستقرار وتنظيم أمورها السياسية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية، للوصول إلى اقامة هيئات عاملة لتحقيق أهداف المجتمع. ويبين القانون الدولي أهم الآليات التي تعتمد عليها الحكومات في تثبيت ركائز الشرعية السياسية لها كما أن تتمتع الحكومات بالشرعية ليست بالضرورة ان يحميها من الغدر أو الانقلاب عليها وسلمية هذه الآليات تجعل الحكومات بكافة أنواعها تستمد إلى الشرعية الحقيقية بخلاف ما يتبادر إلى الذهن أن وسائل العنف والإكراه المستخدم من قبل السلطة تجعلها متمتعة بشرعيتها.","PeriodicalId":255205,"journal":{"name":"Cihan University-Erbil Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141713734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"امتناع الإدارة عن تنفيذ الأحكام القضائية","authors":"Sakar H. Kakmad","doi":"10.24086/cuejhss.v8n2y2024.pp48-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24086/cuejhss.v8n2y2024.pp48-53","url":null,"abstract":"إن مسألة عدم تنفيذ الأحكام القضائية الصادرة عن القضاء الإداري تعتبر من المشاكل العصرية, وهي من المواضيع الحيوية لما له أهمية من معرفة مدى احترام الإدارة العامة لأحكام القضاء, وبالتالي احترامها لمبدأ المشروعية, وقيام الإدارة بكافة تصرفاتها وفقا للقانون, حيث أن التزام الإدارة بمبدأ المشروعية وخضوع الإدارة للقانون إن دل على شيء, فهو يدل على مدى نجاعة الإدارة في ممارسة اعمالها ونشاطاتها, ومن تلك الأعمال الواجبة على الإدارة هو تنفيذها لأي حكم صادر عن القضاء الإداري , وبعكس ذلك يعتبر عمل الإدارة مخالفا لمبدأ المشروعية ومعرضا للطعن فيه بالإلغاء, واحيانا المطالبة بالتعويض عنها إذا تعرض أحد الافراد نتيجة الامتناع عن التنفيذ الى ضرر معين.","PeriodicalId":255205,"journal":{"name":"Cihan University-Erbil Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences","volume":"211 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141692648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"الحكومة الرشيدة ودورها في تنمية الموارد البشرية","authors":"Layla I. Abuilkassem, Sameer S. Hamdi","doi":"10.24086/cuejhss.v8n2y2024.pp11-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24086/cuejhss.v8n2y2024.pp11-17","url":null,"abstract":"تعد الحكومة الرشيدة من دعائم تنمية الموارد البشرية، وإداراتها بدورها الفعال في دعم مكونات إدارة تنمية الموارد البشرية، من خلال نظامها، حيث أن نظام الحكومة الرشيدة يعتبر من الأسس الرئيسية في نجاحها، وبالتالي تحقيق التنمية المستدامة من خلال النهوض بمعايير تتمثل في الشرعية والمشروعية، الشفافية والمشاركة، والفاعلية، المساءلة القانونية والمصداقية وتفعيل مؤسسات الدولة بشكل كفوء وفعّال. كما أن البحث يناقش مفهوم إدارة تنمية الموارد البشرية انطلاقا من مفهوم التنمية والتنمية البشرية، وخصائصها، وعلاقة الحكومة الرشيد بإدارة التنمية البشرية من خلال علاقتها التفاعلية والداعمة لمكونات إدارة التنمية البشرية للاستفادة من العنصر البشري للدولة وتوجيهه التوجيه السليم. و استنتج البحث إن مفهوم الحكومة الرشيدة يعني به استخدام الآليات الانسب والامثل لإدارة الدولة. والتي تستطيع مواكبة التطور والحداثة. و كذلك إن معايير الحكومة الرشيدة والدور الذي تمارسه في تنمية الموارد البشرية، والتي تجعل من العنصر البشري قادرا على أداء وظائفه على أكمل وجه على اعتبار أنها من أهم متطلبات الحكومة الرشيدة. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":255205,"journal":{"name":"Cihan University-Erbil Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences","volume":"120 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141713201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samal M. Mohammed, Mariwan H. Pirot, Shwana Q. Perot, Srwa H. Abdalla
{"title":"Identity Crises","authors":"Samal M. Mohammed, Mariwan H. Pirot, Shwana Q. Perot, Srwa H. Abdalla","doi":"10.24086/cuejhss.v8n1y2024.pp115-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24086/cuejhss.v8n1y2024.pp115-119","url":null,"abstract":"This research paper aims to investigate identity crisis in some Private School Admission Advertisement Posters in Raparin District/ Sulaymaniyah in the northern part of Iraq for academic years 2023-2024 from the postcolonial worldview. A preamble study of postcolonial theory is bound up with the traces of colonization and its effects on the psychology of the colonized. The colonizer has proven itself in many ways and endeavors to prolong its hegemony by any means. One of the colonial policies that the colonizer has employed is creating the false consciousness of the colonizer as superior in the mind of the colonized. This article endeavors to show how Private School Admission Advertisement Posters in the Raparin District were created under the impact of the colonial false consciousness. The study articulates the reason behind using European figures in their posters instead of non-European individuals and shows that colonization and it’s legacy still exists. This contraction shows that the advertisers are influenced by European cultures, shapes, and values. Unconsciously, they are portraying themselves as the West’s other by giving superiority to Europeans over non-Europeans.","PeriodicalId":255205,"journal":{"name":"Cihan University-Erbil Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141363842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reviewing Southern Africa’s Status as a Developmental Region through Governance and Development","authors":"J. Joseph","doi":"10.24086/cuejhss.v8n1y2024.pp87-97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24086/cuejhss.v8n1y2024.pp87-97","url":null,"abstract":"This case study discusses how the democratic governance principles and norms impact development in the SADC, and how institutional and structural reforms require greater participation by society to address the governance challenges encountered in this subregion of Africa. Consequently, the aim of this paper is to examine and assess the relationship between SADC’s governance, democratic principles and norms, development plans and processes. A comparative analysis was conducted using SADC’s key democratic achievement connected to policies, processes, and remaining challenges. Subsequently, the key causes of SADC’s slow development on the African continent were explored, focusing on the failure to institutionalise liberal democratic governance consistently during postcolonial transition periods, speculating SADC’s slow development. The findings suggest that SADC is impacted by democratic principles, norms, and processes, such as local governance, civil society, and decentralisation of power. Bearing in mind Southern Africa’s economic frailty, elevated levels of civil unrest and poor service delivery, SADC authorities require a strong sub-regional governance strategy supported by robust national programmes to determine and overcome the factors hindering the institutionalisation of democratic principles in SADC, and promote strengthened institutional capacity. The unambiguous progression towards the consolidation of democracy, within the SADC, has impacted the governance and development successes of the region, resulting in democratic values and practices remaining shallowly rooted, and slow progress toward open and transparent governance.","PeriodicalId":255205,"journal":{"name":"Cihan University-Erbil Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences","volume":"118 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140679281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The State of Special Needs in the Iraqi Higher Education Context","authors":"Imadin M. Zannrni, Laila B. Shareef","doi":"10.24086/cuejhss.v8n1y2024.pp83-86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24086/cuejhss.v8n1y2024.pp83-86","url":null,"abstract":"This paper delves into a comprehensive investigation of the current situation faced by students with special needs (SSNs) and learning disabilities (LDs) across various educational levels. It aims to shed light on the existing challenges experienced by these learners in primary, secondary, and higher education settings. To ensure the validity of the findings, this study adopts a multi-method approach that combines observation, interviews, and an extensive review of relevant literature in the field. By employing observational techniques, researchers closely observe the daily experiences of SSN students within educational environments. Interviews are conducted with students, teachers, and parents to gain valuable insights into their perspectives and understand the specific difficulties they encounter. In addition, the study thoroughly examines prior scholarly works and research papers related to SSN and LD, enhancing the breadth and depth of the investigation. Upon culmination, this paper presents a set of recommendations directed toward the teaching staff, administrative personnel, and the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. These suggestions aim to foster an inclusive and supportive educational ecosystem that caters to the unique needs of SSN students. They encompass strategies for curriculum development, teacher training, classroom accommodations, and administrative policies, which collectively contribute to enhancing the learning experience and overall well-being of SSN learners.","PeriodicalId":255205,"journal":{"name":"Cihan University-Erbil Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences","volume":"2018 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140718379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}