Jurnal Riset Farmasi最新文献

{"title":"Kajian Formulasi dan Karakterisasi Self-nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) sebagai Penghantar Agen Antihiperlipidemia Oral","authors":"Dyah Ayu Nurismawati, Sani Ega Priani","doi":"10.29313/jrf.v1i2.455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29313/jrf.v1i2.455","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Hyperlipidemia is one of the risk factors of various cardiovascular diseases. Several oral antihyperlipidemic agents are known to belong to BCS class II where the active substance has low solubility in water so that it has the impact of low production of dissolution profile and pharmacological effects. One of the delivery systems that can improve the solubility of hydrophobic pharmaceutical active substances is SNEDDS (Self-nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System). This literature study aims to determine the SNEDDS formulation and its characteristics. The method used is the systematic literature review which consists of a series of stages including designing, searching, retrieving, selecting, and determining articles based on inclusion criteria. Several active substances that formulated into SNEDDS consisted of rosuvastatin, atorvastatin, ezetimibe, gemfibrozil, and perillaldehyde. Different compositions in each SNEDDS formula provide a various characteristic (particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential value, and emulsification time) of the resulting nanoemulsion. The best formula is ezetimibe-loaded SNEDDS with a particle size of 54,07 nm; zeta potential of -38,76 mV; and emulsification time of 0,6 second. \u0000Abstrak. Hiperlipidemia merupakan salah satu faktor resiko penyebab berbagai penyakit kardiovaskular. Diketahui beberapa agen antihiperlipidemia oral termasuk ke dalam BCS kelas II dimana zat aktif memiliki kelarutan yang rendah dalam air sehingga berdampak pada rendahnya profil disolusi dan efek farmakologi yang dihasilkan. Self-nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) merupakan salah satu sistem penghantaran yang mampu memperbaiki kelarutan zat aktif farmasi hidrofobik. Studi literatur ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui formulasi SNEDDS dan karakteristiknya. Metode yang digunakan yaitu systematic literature review yang terdiri atas serangkaian tahap meliputi perancangan, pencarian, pengambilan, seleksi, dan penentuan artikel berdasarkan kriteria inklusi. Beberapa senyawa aktif yang diformulasikan menjadi SNEDDS terdiri dari rosuvastatin, atorvastatin, ezetimib, gemfibrozil, dan perillaldehyde. Komponen bahan yang berbeda dalam setiap formula menghasilkan variasi karakteristik (ukuran partikel, indeks polidispersitas, nilai zeta potensial, dan waktu emulsifikasi) nanoemulsi yang dihasilkan. Formula yang paling memenuhi kriteria adalah SNEDDS ezetimibe dengan ukuran partikel 54,07 nm; nilai zeta potensial -38,76 mV; dan waktu emulsifikasi 0,6 detik.","PeriodicalId":254582,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Farmasi","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127398874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sintesis Tetrapeptida Linear Phe-Leu-Ala-Pro (FLAP) sebagai Kandidat Antioksidan dengan Metode Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis (SPPS)","authors":"Eka Nurjanah, Nety Kurniaty","doi":"10.29313/jrf.v1i2.452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29313/jrf.v1i2.452","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Antioxidants are compounds that can prevent or inhibit oxidation in a cell caused by free radicals. Based on previous study, one of the natural antioxidant peptides is a tetrapeptide (Phe-Leu- Ala-Pro), which was isolated from Sea Cucumber Collagen (Acaudina Molpadiodes) in Zheijing Province, China. In this study, a tetrapeptide (Phe-Leu-Ala-Pro) has been successfully synthesized using the solid phase peptide synthesis method (SPPS) with the strategy by using a protective group Fmoc, 2-chlorotrityl chloride resin as a buffer and coupling reagents including HBTU, HOBt and DIPEA. FLAP tetrapeptide compound has been formed which is characterized by mass spectrophotometer with an m/z value of 447.2608 for peak of [M+H]+ ion. The results of the RP- HPLC analysis showed that the FLAP tetrapeptide compound was not pure because there were still minor peaks, the target compound retention time was 2 minute. The FLAP tetrapeptide compound has antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 9376.6 ppm based on DPPH test. \u0000Abstrak. Antioksidan adalah suatu senyawa yang dapat mencegah atau menghambat oksidasi pada suatu sel yang disebabkan oleh radikal bebas. Salah satu peptida antioksidan alami yang ditemukan pada penelitian sebelumnya adalah tetrapeptida (Phe-Leu-Ala-Pro) yang diisolasi dari Kolagen Teripang (Acaudina Molpadiodes) di Provinsi Zheijing Cina yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan. Pada penelitian ini tetrapeptida (Phe-Leu-Ala-Pro) telah berhasil disintesis menggunakan metode sintesis peptida fase padat (SPPS) dengan strategi pemakaian gugus pelindung Fmoc, penyangga yaitu resin 2-klorotritil klorida dan reagen pengkopling diantaranya yaitu HBTU, HOBt dan DIPEA. Senyawa tetrapeptida FLAP telah terbentuk yang ditandai dengan hasil karakterisasi menggunakan spektrofotometer massa dengan nilai m/z 447,2608 pada puncak ion [M+H]+. Pada hasil analisis RP-HPLC menunjukkan bahwa senyawa tetrapeptida FLAP belum murni karena masih adanya puncak-puncak minor, senyawa target berada pada waktu retensi menit ke-2. Senyawa tetrapeptida FLAP memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 9376,6 ppm pada uji DPPH.","PeriodicalId":254582,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Farmasi","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133447600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Penelusuran Pustaka Senyawa yang Berpotensi Aktivitas Larvasida dari Tanaman Suku Rutaceae terhadap Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti.","authors":"Muhammad Shofiyanta, Kiki Mukliya Yuliawati, E. R. Sadiyah","doi":"10.29313/.V0I0.29258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29313/.V0I0.29258","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The Aedes aegypti mosquito is a vector for the spread of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, and the use of natural larvicides is needed as an alternative to synthetic larvicides to control its growth. The plant family that is widely used in the development of larvicidal active ingredients is Rutaceae. This literature review was conducted with the aim of collecting and analyzing research results related to the content of compounds that have the potential to produce larvicidal activity in the Rutaceae plant family. There are 11 plant species from the Rutaceae family that have larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae based on a literature review, with the plant part commonly used in testing larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae, namely the leaf part, and chemical content with high potency of larvacide is essential oils with various components. \u0000Abstrak.Nyamuk Aedes aegypti merupakan vektor penyebaran penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue, dan penggunaan larvasida alami dibutuhkan sebagai alternatif larvasida sintetis untuk mengendalikan pertumbuhannya. Suku tumbuhan yang banyak dimanfaatkan dalam pengembangan bahan aktif larvasida adalah Rutaceae. Penelusuran pustaka yang di lakukan bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan dan menganalisis hasil-hasil penelitian terkait kandungan senyawa yang berpotensi menghasilkan aktivitas larvasida pada keluarga tanaman Rutaceae. Terdapat 11 spesies tanaman dari keluarga Rutaceae yang memiliki aktivitas larvasida terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti berdasarkan penelaahan literatur, dengan bagian tanaman yang umum digunakan pada pengujian aktivitas larvasida terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti yaitu bagian daun, dan kandungan senyawa kimia yang berpotensi kuat sebagai larvasida adalah minyak atsiri dengan komponen yang beragam.","PeriodicalId":254582,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Farmasi","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122059621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potensi Antidepresan Beberapa Tumbuhan Suku Fabaceae","authors":"Nur Ariska Melanti, S. Fitrianingsih, Ratu Choesrina","doi":"10.29313/.V0I0.29719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29313/.V0I0.29719","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. One of the therapies used to cope with depression is by using antidepressant. Fabaceae tribe (legum) has been widely used to overcome various diseases and is one of the potential plant tribes which has antidepressant activity. This research aims to determine the antidepressant activity of various plants of Fabaceae tribes along with the contents and to determine the dose that has an antidepressant effect from certain Fabaceae tribe plants. This research is conducted by literature study. The journal search is conducted by using “Antidepressants activity of plant”, “Fabaceae as antidepressants”, “Antidepressant like activity of Fabaceae” and “Pemanfaatan suku Fabaceae” as keywords. The process of data search used as the reference of literature study is conducted through database such as Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis, MDPI, BJPS and ResearchGate. The literature criteria used are scientific articles, research journals and books containing compounds, activities and plants used as antidepressant. The stages conducted in this research are literature search and selection, literature review, formation, discussion and conclusion. Based on the library research that have been conducted, it can be concluded that Albizzia julibrissin, Cassia singueana, Ceratonia siliqua L., Erythrina variegata, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Lotus corniculatus L., Ormosia henryi prain and Prosopis cineraria have antidepressant activities. The majority of antidepressant action mechanism of the Fabaceae tribe plants is through the inhibition of Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) enzyme. \u0000Abstrak. Salah satu terapi yang digunakan untuk mengatasi depresi adalah dengan penggunaan antidepresan. Suku Fabaceae (legum) telah banyak digunakan untuk mengatasi berbagai macam penyakit dan merupakan salah satu suku tumbuhan potensial yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antidepresan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antidepresan dari beberapa tumbuhan suku Fabaceae beserta kandungannya dan mengetahui dosis yang berefek antidepresan dari beberapa tumbuhan suku Fabaceae. Penelitian dilakukan dengan studi literatur. Penelusuran jurnal dilakukan menggunakan kata kunci “Antidepressants activity of plant”, “Fabaceae as antidepressants”, “Antidepressant like activity of Fabaceae” dan “Pemanfaatan suku Fabaceae”. Proses pencarian data yang digunakan sebagai acuan studi literatur dilakukan melalui database seperti Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis, MDPI, BJPS dan ResearchGate. Kriteria literatur yang digunakan adalah artikel ilmiah, jurnal penelitian dan buku yang berisi tentang kandungan senyawa, aktivitas dan tumbuhan yang berfungsi sebagai antidepresan. Tahapan yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini yaitu pencarian dan pemilihan literatur, review literatur, penyusunan, pembahasan dan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan penelusuran pustaka yang telah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Albizzia julibrissin, Cassia singueana, Ceratonia siliqua L., Erythrina variegata, Trigon","PeriodicalId":254582,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Farmasi","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128350873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studi Literatur Metode Ekstraksi Pektin dari Beberapa Sumber Limbah Kulit Buah","authors":"Nandianti Nurlita Sari, Anggi Arumsari, B. Rusdi","doi":"10.29313/.V0I0.29046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29313/.V0I0.29046","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The use of fruit peels is still limited although contains beneficial compounds, one of them is  pectin. In the pharmaceutical industry, pectin is used as a medicine for diarrhea, because pectin works as an adsorbent in the intestines, besides that pectin is also used as an emulsifier in liquid preparations. This literature study aims to find out whether fruit peel waste has high potential as a source of natural pectin, as well as to examine what extraction methods can be used to isolate pectin from the same fruit peel source and produce the highest pectin yield, and also meet the quality standards of the international Pectin Producer Association (IPPA). From 14 journals reviewed, it is known that pectin from fruit peel waste can be extracted using conventional methods, Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) and Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE). The results of this literature review indicate that fruit peel waste that can be used as source of natural pectin are dragon fruit peel, banana, pineapple and mango. Banana peel produce the highest pectin yield when extracted using conventional and MAE methods. By the conventional method, the banana peel yield 59% pectin, yield with 4.43% methoxyl content and by MAE method the kepok banana peel yield 21.46% pectin, yield with 2.96% methoxyl content. The banana peel methoxyl value obtained meets IPPA quality requirement, in the range of 2.5-7.12% and there is one piece of literature that use the UAE extraction method with a yield of 8,60% obtained from the peel of mango fruit. \u0000Abstrak. Pemanfaatan limbah kulit buah masih sangat jarang, padahal dalam kulit buah terdapat beberapa kandungan kimia yang bermanfaat salah satunya yaitu pektin. Dalam industri farmasi pektin digunakan sebagai obat diare, karena pektin bekerja sebagai adsorben dalam usus selain itu pektin juga dimanfaatkan sebagai emulgator pada sediaan cair. Studi literatur ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui limbah kulit buah apa yang berpotensi tinggi sebagai sumber pektin alami, serta mengkaji metode ekstraksi apa yang dapat digunakan untuk mengisolasi pektin dari sumber kulit buah yang sama dan menghasilkan rendemen pektin paling tinggi juga memenuhi standar mutu international Pectin Producer Association (IPPA). Dari 14 jurnal yang ditinjau pada penelitian ini diketahui bahwa pektin dari limbah kulit buah dapat diekstraksi dengan menggunakan metode konvensional, Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) dan ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE). Hasil dari studi literatur ini menunjukkan bahwa limbah kulit buah yang dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber pektin alami yaitu kulit buah naga, pisang, nanas dan mangga. Kulit buah pisang menghasilkan rendemen pektin tertinggi baik ketika diekstraksi menggunakan metode konvensional maupun MAE. Dengan metode konvensional kulit buah pisang raja menghasilkan rendemen pektin sebesar 59% dengan kadar metoksil 4,43% dan dengan metode MAE kulit buah pisang kepok menghasilkan rendemen pektin sebesar 21,46% dengan kad","PeriodicalId":254582,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Farmasi","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126174823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rancangan Pengembangan Sediaan Nanospraygel in situ Mengandung Minyak Kulit Batang Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmannii (Nees & T. Nees) Blume) untuk Pengobatan Kandidiasis Oral","authors":"Bella Khofila Apriliyani, Sani Ega Priani, A. Hidayat","doi":"10.29313/.V0I0.29228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29313/.V0I0.29228","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Cinnamon bark oil is known to have antifungal activity so it can be used for oral candidiasis treatment. Thick and impenetrable oral mucosa needs to be treated with modification. Development of in situ nanospraygel can increase the effectiveness and reduce the risk of contamination of the preparation. This study tries to investigate the antifungal activity of cinnamon bark oil, determine suitable formula for the cinnamon bark oil nanoemulsion, and determine the type of gelling agent that can be used to develop in situ nanospraygel. The design of in situ nanospraygel formula containing cinnamon bark oil was carried out by Systematic Literature Review. The study was conducted on articles from reputable databases that matched the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of study showed that cinnamon bark oil of Cinnamomum burmannii has antifungal activity against Candida albicans with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.039%. Cinnamon bark oil 1% can be formulated into a good nanoemulsion preparation, using Tween 80 as a surfactant with a ratio of oil and surfactant 1:3.The combination of carbopol 934P & gellan gum with a concentration of 0.2% each can be used as an in situ gelling agent to produce cinnamon bark oil Nanospraygel in situ. \u0000Abstrak. Minyak kulit batang kayu manis memiliki aktivitas anti jamur sehingga dapat digunakan untuk pengobatan kandidiasis oral. Mukosa mulut yang tebal dan sulit ditembus perlu diatasi dengan modifikasi sediaan. Maka dari itu dilakukan pengembangan sediaan nanospraygel in situ untuk meningkatkan efektivitas dan mengurangi resiko kontaminasi sediaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji aktivitas antijamur minyak kulit batang kayu manis, mengetahui formulasi yang sesuai untuk nanoemulsi minyak kulit batang kayu manis, serta mengetahui jenis gelling agent yang dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkan nanospraygel in situ. Perancangan formula nanospraygel in situ minyak kulit batang kayu manis dilakukan dengan kajian berbasis Systematic Literature Review. Kajian dilakukan terhadap artikel dari databased bereputasi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan minyak kulit batang kayu manis spesies Cinnamomum burmannii memiliki aktivitas anti jamur terhadap Candida albicans dengan konsentrasi hambat minimum yaitu 0,039%. Minyak kulit batang kayu manis 1% dapat diformulasi menjadi sediaan nanoemulsi yang baik, menggunakan Tween 80 sebagai surfaktan dengan perbandingan minyak dan surfaktan 1:3. Untuk menghasilkan sediaan nanospraygel in situ minyak kulit batang kayu manis dapat digunakan kombinasi carbopol 934P & gellan gum dengan konsentrasi masing-masing yaitu 0,2% sebagai gelling agent in situ","PeriodicalId":254582,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Farmasi","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114984844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studi Literatur Aktivitas Antibakteri Penyebab Jerawat dari Minyak Atsiri dan Formulasinya dalam Sediaan Mikroemulsi","authors":"Nur Karimah, Ratih Aryani, Sani Ega Priani","doi":"10.29313/.V0I0.28584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29313/.V0I0.28584","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Acne is a condition where oil glands of the skin become clogged so that acne-causing bacteria can grow in it. The acne-causing bacteria cover Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Many plants can produce essential oils as an antibacterial agent of acne-causing bacteria. This literature study aims to identify the content of essential oils in several plants as antibacterial agents of acne-causing bacteria and the formulations of microemulsion preparations. This study used a systematic literature review method. The results of the study showed that essential oils from Clove, Oregano, Cassia, and Tea Tree plants had antibacterial activity against the three acne-causing bacteria with an overall minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of less than 0.5%. The microemulsion formulation of the essential oil could be made with the composition ratio of Smix (surfactant-cosurfactant) ranging from 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 with the comparison between oil and Smix of 1:9-1:12. It was made with a stirring speed of 200-250 rpm for 15 minutes. The microemulsion system can increase the antibacterial activity based on the MIC value, zone of inhibition, and the amount of substance that penetrates. \u0000Abstrak.  Jerawat adalah kondisi kulit dimana terjadi penumpukan minyak pada kelenjar minyak kulit manusia sehingga menyebabkan bakteri penyebab jerawat tumbuh di dalamnya. Bakteri penyebab jerawat diantaranya adalah Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, dan Staphylococcus epidermidis. Banyak tanaman yang dapat menghasilkan minyak atsiri sebagai agen antibakteri penyebab jerawat. Kajian pustaka ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi tentang kandungan minyak atsiri dalam beberapa tanaman sebagai agen antibakteri penyebab jerawat serta formulasinya sediaan mikroemulsi. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah systematic literature review. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa minyak atsiri dari tanaman Cengkeh, Oregano, Cassia, dan Tea Tree memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap ketiga bakteri penyebab jerawat dengan KHM keseluruhan yang kurang dari 0,5%. Formulasi mikroemulsi minyak atsiri dapat dibuat dengan komposisi perbandingan Smix (surfaktan-kosurfkatan) berkisar 1:1, 1:2, dan 2:1 serta perbandingan antara minyak dengan Smix berkisar antara 1:9-1:12. Mikroemulsi dapat dibuat dengan kecepatan pengadukan 200-250 rpm dan waktu pengadukan 15 menit. Sistem mikroemulsi dapat meningkatkan aktivitas antibakteri berdasarkan nilai KHM, zona hambat, dan jumlah zat yang berpenetrasi.","PeriodicalId":254582,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Farmasi","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116259375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uji Kualitatif dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanolik Buah Maja (Aegle Marmelos (L.)Correa) dengan Metode DPPH","authors":"Muhammad Nur Fauzi","doi":"10.29313/jrf.v1i1.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29313/jrf.v1i1.25","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Indonesia is a country with the third largest tropical forest in the world. The number of medicinal plants in Indonesia is estimated to be around 1,260 types of plants. Plants produce secondary metabolites that have potential as antioxidants. One of the plants that contains a lot of secondary metabolites is maja (Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr). The purpose of this study was to determine the content of secondary metabolites in maja fruit extracts and to determine the antioxidant activity contained in maja fruit extracts using the DPPH method. The research was conducted by extracting maja fruit samples using maceration method to obtain a thick extract. The extracts obtained were tested for secondary metabolites, TLC test, and antioxidant activity tests using the DPPH method using Uv-vis spectrophotometry. The results of this study indicate that maja fruit extract contains secondary metabolites of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, and glycosides. TLC results obtained Rf 0.512. The result of antioxidant activity of maja fruit extract obtained by IC50 was 269.153 µg / mL. and IC50 vitamin C as a comparison obtained 28,907µg / mL. This shows that the antioxidant activity of maja fruit extract is smaller than the antioxidant activity of vitamin C. \u0000Abstrak. Indonesia adalah negara dengan hutan tropis paling besar ketiga di dunia, Jumlah tumbuhan berkhasiat obat di Indonesia diperkirakan sekitar 1.260 jenis tumbuhan. Tumbuhan menghasilkan metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan. Salah satu tanaman yang banyak mengandung metabolit sekunder adalah tanaman maja (Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan metabolit sekunder pada ekstrak buah maja dan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan yang terdapat pada ekstrak buah maja dengan metode DPPH. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengekstraksi sampel buah maja dengan metode maserasi untuk memperoleh ekstrak kental. Ekstrak yang diperoleh dilakukan uji metabolit sekunder, uji KLT, dan uji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH menggunakan spektrofotometri Uv-vis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak buah maja mengandung metabolit sekunder flavonoid, tanin, alkaloid, saponin, dan glikosida. Hasil KLT diperoleh Rf 0,512. Hasil aktivitas antioksidan ektrak buah maja yang diperoleh dengan IC50 adalah 269,153 µg/mL. dan IC50 vitamin c sebagai pembanding diperoleh 28,907µg/mL. hal ini menunjukan bahwa daya aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak buah maja lebih kecil dibanding dengan daya aktivitas antioksidan vitamin C. \u0000Kata Kunci: , , ","PeriodicalId":254582,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Farmasi","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133193230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Karakteristik Edible Film Berbahan Dasar Ekstrak Karagenan dari Alga Merah (Eucheuma Spinosum)","authors":"Ani Nurmilla, Nety Kurniaty, Hilda Aprilia","doi":"10.29313/.V0I0.7128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29313/.V0I0.7128","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Nowadays, edible film is a food coating film that has been developed as a food wrapper. The main components for edible film include carrageenan, starch and pectin. This study aims to isolate carrageenan from red algae and find the best edible film formula from red algal carrageenan. Carrageenan was isolated using NaOH solution of various concentrations of 0.5; 1,0; 1.5 and 2.0 N. Carrageenan which has the best characteristics is then made into an edible film with the addition of glycerol as a plasticizer. Edible film formula is made with four variations of carrageenan concentration, i.e. 1; 1,5; 2 and 2.5%. The results of carrageenan isolation produced the best yield using 2N NaOH, which was 8.4%. The best edible film is edible film made from carrageenan 2.5% because it has the best percent elongation of 77%. \u0000Abstrak. Edible film merupakan film penyalut makanan yang banyak dikembangkan akhir-akhir ini sebagai pembungkus makanan. Komponen utama penyusun edible film diantaranya adalah karageenan, pati dan pektin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi karagenan dari alga merah dan mencari formula edible film dari karagenan alga merah yang paling baik. Karagenan diisolasi dengan menggunakan larutan NaOH berbagai konsentrasi yaitu 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 dan 2,0 N. Karagenan yang memiliki karakteristik paling baik kemudian dibuat menjadi edible film dengan tambahan gliserol sebagai plastisizer. Formula edible film dibuat dengan empat variasi konsentrasi karagenan, yaitu 1; 1,5; 2 dan 2,5%. Hasil isolasi karagenan menghasilkan yield yang paling baik menggunakan NaOH 2N, yaitu sebesar 8,4%. Edible film yang paling baik adalah edible film yang dibuat dari karagenan 2,5% karena memiliki persen pemanjangan yang paling baik yaitu 77%.","PeriodicalId":254582,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Farmasi","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122031527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulasi sediaan Cuka Buah Kopi Menggunakan Ragi (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) dan Bakteri (Acetobacter aceti)","authors":"Fathan Said Ramadhan, Gita Cahya Eka Darma, Reza Abdul Kodir","doi":"10.29313/.V0I0.20710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29313/.V0I0.20710","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Indonesia is the third largest coffee producing country in the world, with a variety of compounds that are beneficial to the body. Vinegar fermentation is one way to add value to the benefits of fruits and vegetables because it can form useful new chemical compounds. Vinegar has a variety of benefits that have been studied such as reducing hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia and obesity. Previous research in 2013 had made acetic acid from Arabica coffee pulp waste. This study aims to obtain a coffee fruit vinegar formula that conforms to the quality standards of acetic acid SNI 01-4371-1996. The material used is whole coffee with a two-stage fermentation method, namely alcohol fermentation using S. cerevisiae for 4 days and vinegar fermentation using A. aceti for 3 days. The results showed that the formula with 25% coffee fruit and 20% sugar is the best formula compared to other formulas with organoleptic test results in brown, sour and sweet taste and a little distinctive aroma of coffee, 5.03% acetic acid content, 0% alcohol content, pH 3,242. \u0000Abstrak. Indonesia merupakan negara ketiga penghasil kopi terbesar di dunia, dengan berbagai kandungan senyawa yang bermanfaat bagi tubuh. Fermentasi cuka merupakan salah satu cara untuk menambah nilai manfaat dari buah dan sayur karena dapat membentuk senyawa kimia baru yang bermanfaat. Cuka memiliki berbagai manfaat yang telah diteliti seperti menurunkan hiperglikemia, hiperinsulinemia, hiperlipidemia dan obesitas. Penelitian sebelumnya pada tahun 2013 telah dilakukan pembuatan asam asetat dari limbah cair kulit kopi arabika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan formula cuka buah kopi yang sesuai standar mutu asam asetat SNI 01-4371-1996. Bahan yang digunakan adalah buah kopi secara utuh dengan metode fermentasi dua tahap yaitu fermentasi alkohol menggunakan S. cerevisiae selama 4 hari dan fermentasi cuka menggunakan         A. aceti selama 3 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa formula dengan 25% buah kopi dan 20% gula merupakan formula terbaik dibandingkan dengan formula lain dengan hasil uji organoleptis berwarna coklat, rasa asam dan manis serta sedikit aroma khas kopi, kadar asam asetat 5,053%, kadar alkohol 0%, pH 3,242.","PeriodicalId":254582,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Farmasi","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116550477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}