Behavioral and Social Science最新文献

{"title":"Abstract B20: Cancer screening in rural Honduras: Maximizing impact with a multiorgan screening approach","authors":"L. Kennedy, Kayla Marra, Ethan LaRochelle, M. Chamberlin, K. Lyons, S. Bejarano, G. Tsongalis","doi":"10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-B20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-B20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Poverty, poor health infrastructure, and rurality contribute to lack of cancer screening for most residents of Honduras (HN). We hypothesized that if community-identified barriers were mitigated, rural Hondurans would participate in cancer screening; initial low-tech screening methods would be useful in identifying high-risk individuals in a large group; and that we could operationalize an acceptable and effective multiorgan screening program. Our objective was to test multiorgan cancer-screening strategies for challenging rural environments such as our site in rural El Rosario, Honduras and develop a strategy that would be generalizable to rural sites in other low-income countries. Methods: We conducted three cancer-screening projects (2013/n=449 women, 2016/n=389 women, 2017/n=299 men) by developing relationships with rural community leaders and Honduran oncologists. Together, we launched multiorgan screening events via a brigade-style medical outreach model designed to mitigate barriers to early detection of cancers. Key strategies: 1) a screening cascade system and low-tech methods to identify high-risk individuals for further screening; 2) triage for findings requiring additional workup, rather than focusing on making a definitive cancer diagnosis; 3) inserting cancer education into the participants9 experience; and 4) multiorgan screening to maximize cancer prevention with little additional use of resources. Community-identified barriers were transportation, cost, fear, and inconvenience; we negotiated an array of minimalist and highly effective community-based strategies to mitigate the barriers. In 2013 and 2016 we screened women for cancers including cervix, breast, oropharynx, and thyroid, and in 2017 screened men for testicular, oropharynx, skin, prostate, and colon cancers. Post-study, participants with suspicious findings were connected with follow-up care at a cancer center in HN. On-site screening methods ranged from no-tech, including surveys, clinical breast exams, throat palpation for thyroid, digital rectal exam for prostate, physical exam of testes, and visual skin inspection for skin cancer; to mid-tech, including telepathology for oral cancer, fecal occult blood test for colon cancer, and PSA for prostate; and high-tech PCR screening for high-risk HPV (hrHPV). Well-trained HN medical students staffed the screening areas; their participation is intended to increase long-term screening capacity in HN. Community leaders were responsible for promoting the screening clinic by training teens who traveled to villages to introduce the opportunity. Results: Participants came via a free bus, horse, motorbike, and on foot from 31 (2013), 40 (2016), and 38 (2017) different communities. Median age and years of education were 38/5 (2013), 40/6 (2016), and 47/4 (2017). Almost every participant completed all screenings. We found 11 types of hrHPV; in 2013/8.4% and 2016/12.5% were positive for 1 or more types. Referrals for bre","PeriodicalId":254061,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Social Science","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126859673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract C16: Using community theater to improve knowledge and awareness of cancer preventive health behaviors in Harris County, TX","authors":"Veronica Landa, J. Montealegre, Roshanda S. Chenier, G. Chauca, Ivan Valverde, Maria L. Jibaja-Weiss","doi":"10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-C16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-C16","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The burden of cancers that can be prevented through early detection, specifically breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer, remains higher among medically underserved minority populations. Disparities in knowledge and awareness of screening contribute to the increased burden. We developed an innovative community theater program to educate and promote breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening among medically underserved Hispanic, African American, and Vietnamese communities of Harris County, TX. Methods: The program consists of two original plays and nine monologues that promote breast, cervical, or colorectal cancer screening and are culturally tailored to each racial/ethnic and linguistic group. They are all based on a health communications framework, specifically the Extended Parallel Process Model, built on the constructs of perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, self-efficacy, and response efficacy. Each play and monologue was written by an independent professional playwright with input on health messaging from health care professionals. The scripts were then worked through an iterative process between them and clinical and community advisory boards. Live performances by professional actors were held in community venues located in medically underserved zip codes. The monologues were developed in three different languages, English, Spanish, and Vietnamese. Anonymous surveys were self-conducted after each performance. Events included a performance of the monologue or play, a question-and-answer session with a health care professional, and distribution of educational materials. Typically, a representative from a partner institution was also available to connect audience members to health care services. Anonymous self-administered surveys are conducted after each performance. Results: Between January 2014 and present, 128 monologues were performed, including 32 for cervical cancer, 28 for colorectal cancer, and 68 for breast cancer. A total of 3,332 individuals attended the performances (average audience size = 26). Among the 2,745 participants who completed post-performance surveys (response rate = 82.4%), 82.1% indicated that they were very likely to obtain a screening test after watching the performance, compared to 68.5% prior to the performance (p Discussion: Community theater performances are an effective method of improving knowledge and awareness of screening and cancer prevention among medically underserved minority populations in Harris County, TX. Performances were especially effective in Hispanic communities. This may be due to their success in breaking barriers associated with culturally taboo topics associated with these cancers. Citation Format: Veronica Landa, Jane Montealegre, Roshanda Chenier, Glori Chauca, Ivan Valverde, Maria Jibaja-Weiss. Using community theater to improve knowledge and awareness of cancer preventive health behaviors in Harris County, TX [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Tenth AAC","PeriodicalId":254061,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Social Science","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116817089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract B19: Screen to Save (S2S) implementation across National Outreach Network (NON) region 2","authors":"Khaliah Fleming, Jomar Lopez","doi":"10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-B19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-B19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":254061,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Social Science","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116249475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract B26: [Advocate Abstract:] We all win","authors":"F. Fields","doi":"10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-B26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-B26","url":null,"abstract":"To gain long-term survivorship joint interest among the survivor-patient, family-spouse, children, siblings, friends, with an engaging medical community that creates trust for both patient and family are keys to long-term success. After treatment has completed, do both patient and family members understand that long-term success depends on continued follow-up? I have observed that patients after initial treatment make a conscious decision to curtail medical treatment. Cost and quality of life along with no longer wanting to be a burden to patients9 family are key issues. The prostate survivor when still with the family is a gift that strengthens the family and is priceless. Continually turning to the medical community after treatment enhances life. Another issue is patients who are 5 years and beyond with their treatment who have health concerns that in part can be related to cancer therapies. These patients choose watchful waiting. We as Health Advocates have to promote continued health care to post-treated patients. We have to nurture and foster families that what is good for Dad is good for them. Citation Format: Frank D. Fields. [Advocate Abstract:] We all win [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Tenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2017 Sep 25-28; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018;27(7 Suppl):Abstract nr B26.","PeriodicalId":254061,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Social Science","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125742806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract C24: Determinants of delays in care-seeking for ovarian cancer symptoms in African American women","authors":"M. Mullins, M. Cote, Sarah E. Abbott, A. Alberg, E. Bandera, J. Barnholtz-Sloan, M. Bondy, F. Camacho, E. Funkhouser, P. Moorman, L. Peres, A. Schwartz, P. Terry, Frances F Wang, J. Schildkraut, E. Peters","doi":"10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-C24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-C24","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Ovarian cancer is the most deadly gynecologic cancer, and the mortality burden is disproportionately higher among African American women. Women diagnosed with stage IV disease have less than a 30% 5-year survival rate, compared to 90% 5-year survival in stage I disease, which highlights the importance of early diagnosis. Lack of financial means and limited access to care may contribute to delays in symptomatic women seeking treatment, with consequent later stage at diagnosis. However, several studies, performed in samples predominantly comprised of White women, suggest insurance and income do not sufficiently reflect access to care. Here, we examine whether delay in care-seeking (captured through duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis) among African American women is more strongly influenced by socioeconomic status, access to care, or social access barriers (discrimination and trust in physicians). Methods: This analysis includes data from 550 African American women with ovarian cancer enrolled in the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study (AACES). AACES is a case-control study spanning 11 geographic regions in the United States: North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee, Louisiana, Texas, New Jersey, Ohio, Chicago, and Detroit. Included in the phone-administered AACES survey were questions about symptoms associated with ovarian cancer such as abdominal lumps, changes in bowel habits, and abnormal vaginal bleeding, in the year prior to ovarian cancer diagnosis. If a woman indicated she had a symptom, duration of the symptom was recorded in months. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios between predictors of accessing care and the outcome of treatment delay. The outcome was defined as having any of the 10 symptoms for at least eight months prior to diagnosis (i.e., those exceeding the seven-month mean symptom duration in this population). Models were adjusted for region, age at diagnosis, histotype, first-degree family history of breast or ovarian cancer, marital status, body mass index, Charlson comorbidity score, pelvic-inflammatory disease history, education, and income. Access to care variables included regular source of health care, insurance, regular physician relationship, and experiencing a barrier to accessing health care. Perceived discrimination was evaluated using the mean response score for questions from Williams9 Everyday Discrimination Scale. Trust in physicians was modeled using the mean response score from the Anderson Dedrick Trust in Physicians Scale. Results: 41% (n=227) of women reported having at least one symptom for eight months prior to diagnosis. After adjustment for confounders, trust in physicians was inversely associated with longer duration of symptoms. A one-unit increase in the mean trust score was associated with 0.73 times the odds of women reporting undiagnosed symptoms in the previous 8 months (OR 0.73 CI 0.55-0.96). Conversely, a one-unit increase in frequ","PeriodicalId":254061,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Social Science","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134138087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract C26: Associations Between race/ethnicity and enrollment in cancer research protocols","authors":"Ogochukwu M Ezeoke, G. Brooks, M. Postow, S. Baxi, L. Diamond","doi":"10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-C26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-C26","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is evidence of racial and ethnic disparities in clinical trial participation in oncology, but the studies reporting disparities tend to be small and specific to certain cancers. We aimed to use the experience of a large cancer center to investigate diverse participation in oncology research. Methods: We performed a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of all adult patients seen at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) from 2005-2015. We examined if enrollment, defined as consent and registration to a research study, varied by race/ethnicity, a variable derived from the combination of self-reported values at MSK, gender, age, cancer type, and preferred language. Cancer type was determined by site and histology and designated as either common or rare, based on NCI criteria. Language preference was dichotomized to English and non-English. Descriptive and chi-square analyses examined bivariate associations between race/ethnicity and other characteristics, and research protocol enrollment. Due to large numbers of participants, associations were also assessed for clinical importance using standardized, chi-square residuals. Results: A total of 233,599 patients were available for analysis. 93,276 (39.9%) were enrolled in a research protocol. The mean + SD age of the enrolled observations was 57.7+13.7 and for those not enrolled, was 58.9+14.6 (Mann-Whitney U Test, p Conclusion: Patients who reported “other” race/ethnicity, whose preferred language was English, or who had common cancer diagnoses were more likely to be enrolled into a research protocol. Differences in enrollment on research protocols due to the additional race/ethnicity categories or gender were minimal. Further research is needed to understand the impact of these findings on diversity in oncology research protocols and to design interventions to reduce disparities in oncology trial enrollment. Citation Format: Ogochukwu Marietta Ezeoke, Gary Brooks, Michael A. Postow, Shrujal Baxi, Lisa Diamond. Associations Between race/ethnicity and enrollment in cancer research protocols [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Tenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2017 Sep 25-28; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018;27(7 Suppl):Abstract nr C26.","PeriodicalId":254061,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Social Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130885980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract C10: Raising HPV awareness in immigrant populations: Are health educators prepared to address health literacy challenges?","authors":"Lenna Dawkins-Moultin, E. McKyer, Andrea McDonald","doi":"10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-C10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-C10","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rates of human papillomavirus virus (HPV) and HPV-related cancers are higher among immigrants, especially those from Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean. Limited health literacy is also more prevalent among immigrant groups. While education is central to HPV prevention and reduction, there is a dearth of research on health educators9 understanding of how to educate populations with health literacy deficits. The purpose of this study was to assess the health literacy knowledge and experience of advanced health education students. Methods: A modified Health Literacy Knowledge and Experience Survey (HL-KES) was used to collect data from 250 junior and senior students who reported an intention to take the Certified Health Education Specialists (CHES) examination. Descriptive and Spearman rho correlational analyses were conducted. Results: Composite scores on the 29-item knowledge scale ranged from 5-28. Most students (84%) scored below 70%, and only five percent of the sample scored above 80%. Majority of students reported “never” or only “sometimes” engaging in experiences related to health literacy. There was a significant negative correlation between health literacy knowledge and health literacy experience (ρ = -.189, p Conclusion: The results suggest health education students have deficient health literacy knowledge and limited opportunities to develop practical health literacy experience. Professional preparation programs may need to revise their curricula to address health literacy deficiencies in course offerings. Citation Format: Lenna Dawkins-Moultin, E. Lisako McKyer, Andrea McDonald. Raising HPV awareness in immigrant populations: Are health educators prepared to address health literacy challenges? [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Tenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2017 Sep 25-28; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018;27(7 Suppl):Abstract nr C10.","PeriodicalId":254061,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Social Science","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132735836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract C25: Bridging the gap through a targeted research fellowship: Introduction and recruitment of under-represented minority students to the cancer research physician scientist pipeline","authors":"Shaneah Taylor, M. Monge","doi":"10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-C25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-C25","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The Chicago Cancer Health Equity Collaborative (ChicagoCHEC) is a National Cancer Institute comprehensive cancer partnership led by the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Northeastern Illinois University, and the University of Illinois at Chicago. The mission of ChicagoCHEC is to advance cancer health equity through meaningful scientific discovery, education, training, and community engagement. The current number of individuals in research and cancer health equity-related careers does not mirror the nation9s demographics. While there are several gains in health status among racial and ethnic minority groups, disparities in health status have widened for certain indicators. At the culmination of the eight weeks, Research Fellows learned fundamental research practices and methodologies, pertinent research content topics (e.g., cancer inequity and recruitment of underserved minorities in clinical trials), social contexts for health inequity across the cancer continuum, and critical professional development practices and networks. Methods: Eligible participants were all undergraduate and post-baccalaureate students without graduate education from Northwestern University, Northeastern Illinois University, the University of Illinois at Chicago, and City Colleges of Chicago. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected and entered into RedCap via responses to module evaluations and a baseline survey with questions on self-efficacy in cancer disparity research. We applied modules around overarching core competencies envisioned by the ChicagoCHEC Research Education Core: (1) research practices, (2) research content, (3) social context/ interaction and personal development, and (4) professionalization. We recruited an intentional selected sample of underrepresented minorities to achieve representation across various definitions of “underrepresented” not limited to race/ethnicity, citizenship status, gender identification, sexual orientation, first-generation college student, and more. To achieve a high number of competitive candidates, the Research Education Core, one of four cores of the overarching U54 ChicagoCHEC, utilized existing cross-institutional inventories of student programs and groups, and corresponding recruitment strategies. This included Research Education Core staff collaborative presentations at career fairs, with student organizations, and in classes. The program leveraged the expertise of leading scholars and cancer researchers, health professionals, institutional leadership, and community leaders across Chicago taking part as guest lecturers, project mentors, and site visit hosts. The program served as an opportunity to move the needle on health by expanding opportunities to the next generation in a way that also changes the architecture of collaboration, community engagement, and the culture of research education to address health inequities. Core components of the intervention inc","PeriodicalId":254061,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Social Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123125476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract A26: Representation of minorities, the elderly, and women in over 1000 clinical trials","authors":"N. Duma, Jesús Vera-Aguilera, Yucai Wang, J. Paludo, K. Leventakos, A. Mansfield, A. Adjei","doi":"10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-A26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-A26","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Despite the importance of diversity while studying new drugs, many cancer clinical trials (CT) lack appropriate representation of specific patient populations, limiting the generalizability of the evidence obtained. Therefore, we determined the representation of ethnic minorities, the elderly, and women in cancer CT. Methods: Enrollment data from all therapeutic trials reported as completed in clinicaltrial.gov from 2003 to 2016 were analyzed. CT in rare cancers ( Results: Out of 1,012 CT, 310 (31%) reported ethnicity with a total of 55,689 enrollees. 46,431 (83%) enrollees were non-Hispanic white, 3,270 (6%) African American, 2,982 (5.3%) Asian, 1,484 (2.6%) Hispanic, and 1,332 (2.4%) were classified as other. Participation in CT varied significantly across ethnic groups; non-Hispanic whites were more likely to be enrolled in CT (EF of 1.2%) than African Americans (EF of 0.7%, p Conclusions: African Americans, Hispanics, and the elderly were less likely to be enrolled in CT. Comparing with historical data, we observed a decrease in minorities9 recruitment over the past 14 years. This change could be attributed to the increased complexity of CT and mandatory molecular testing as many minorities lack access to institutions with genetic-testing capacity. Future trials should take extra measures to recruit participants who adequately represent the U.S. cancer population. Citation Format: Narjust Duma, Jesus Vera-Aguilera, Yucai Wang, Jonas Paludo, Konstantinos Leventakos, Aaron Mansfield, Alex Adjei. Representation of minorities, the elderly, and women in over 1000 clinical trials [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Tenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2017 Sep 25-28; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018;27(7 Suppl):Abstract nr A26.","PeriodicalId":254061,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Social Science","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114175397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract B12: Betel nut use and oral cancer in a high-risk refugee community in the United States: The effectiveness of an awareness initiative","authors":"Lucy L. Shi, E. Bradford, D. DePalo, Amy Y. Chen","doi":"10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-B12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.DISP17-B12","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Betel nut (BN) is a psychoactive substance that is commonly used in Asian cultures, including among members of the refugee resettlement area of Clarkston, GA. While the association between chronic BN mastication and oral cancer has been established, these health consequences may not be appreciated by users in these communities. Our objective is to investigate patient awareness of BN health risks and to assess the efficacy of a pilot visually guided educational initiative. Methods: Patients from two clinics in Clarkston, GA were approached for the study. Patients who reported familiarity with BN (familiar cohort) were administered a pilot visually guided survey on BN usage and health risks; subsequently, an illustrated educational brochure was reviewed, and a post-test was administered. Patients who denied familiarity with BN (unfamiliar cohort) were administered another baseline survey followed by the same educational brochure and post-test survey. Results were analyzed using univariate regression and Chi-squared analyses (STATA 12, College Station, TX). Results: 48 patients were surveyed for the familiar cohort and 25 for the unfamiliar cohort. Among the familiar cohort, the largest ethnic group was South Asians (71%) followed by Southeast Asians (20%). 42.8% reported social use, 28.6% reported usage during celebrations only, and 28.6% reported daily use. The most common reasons for use were for taste (40.9%), enjoyment (38.6%), addiction (25%), and tradition (18.2%). Among the familiar cohort, 75% believed BN was harmful for health compared to 8% among the unfamiliar cohort (p Conclusions: Our study highlights knowledge gaps on the carcinogenic properties of BN among a high-risk refugee population and awareness of the signs of oral cancer in the entire community. Our results demonstrate the efficacy of a pilot visually guided educational brochure to improve patient knowledge of BN and oral cancer presentations. These efforts may help to limit BN use and encourage early detection of cancer in these communities. Citation Format: Lucy L. Shi, Ella Bradford, Danielle K. Depalo, Amy Y. Chen. Betel nut use and oral cancer in a high-risk refugee community in the United States: The effectiveness of an awareness initiative [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Tenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2017 Sep 25-28; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018;27(7 Suppl):Abstract nr B12.","PeriodicalId":254061,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Social Science","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116202002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}