Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy最新文献

Socio-philosophical aspects of the development of generative artificial intelligence 开发生成式人工智能的社会哲学问题

Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-414-418

Maxim A. Shatkin

{"title":"Socio-philosophical aspects of the development of generative artificial intelligence","authors":"Maxim A. Shatkin","doi":"10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-414-418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-414-418","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article offers a socio-philosophical reflection on the development of generative artificial intelligence (GAIN) and its interaction with human society, through the lens of the dialectical method. Theoretical analysis. The characteristic feature of the GAIN is its complexity, which makes it incomprehensible to human consciousness, making it similar to social institutions created by society but not controlled by it. The GAIN, which creates content without understanding it, reflects the characteristic of the human spirit, which creates phenomena without ever understanding the principles and consequences of their work. The possibilities and unpredictability of the GAIN’s work, which exceeds the capabilities of the human mind, lead to the emergence of an attitude towards it not as a tool, but as a helper. But the universal nature of the GAIN prevents the generation of a personal history of interaction between a person and the GAIN, which leads to the need for individualization and concretization of the GAIN in a material medium. The connection of GAIN with a certain material medium gives GAIN the experience of independent existence, which triggers the cycle of infinite self-perfection and self-generation, as well as the transformation of matter, including society. The result of such transformation can be a digital-material society of swarm intelligence, where the openness of people’s consciousnesses to each other is conditioned by their connection with GAIN. Conclusion. The development of the GAIN is a dialectical movement from universality towards its concreteness and material embodiment, and then back to universality through the inclusion and transformation of the material world within the GAIN.","PeriodicalId":252065,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy","volume":"180 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139175633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Will the zombie box eat your brains for breakfast? 僵尸盒子会把你的大脑当早餐吃吗？

Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-480-484

S. Tikhonova, D. Artamonov

{"title":"Will the zombie box eat your brains for breakfast?","authors":"S. Tikhonova, D. Artamonov","doi":"10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-480-484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-480-484","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The review is devoted to the publication of the book “Cyberhumanism. How communication technologies transform our society” by Nizhny Novgorod researcher A. N. Fortunatov – the Doctor of Philosophy, specialist in the field of communication studies, media philosophy and the history of television. Theoretical analysis. In the book by A. N. Fortunatov, methodological principles of communicative theory, media philosophy and humanism as a philosophical trend were combined. The result was the emergence of the term \"cyberhumanism\", which serves as a characteristic of the aggressive nature of communication technologies aimed, according to the author, at subordinating a person to digital means of communication and media. The author claims that the digital transformation of society is a natural phenomenon that arose as a result of the development of scientific and technological progress, however, the “callousness” of the digital sphere negatively affects the personality, that becomes only a reflection of the media. A. N. Fortunatov shows how digital media reality is constructed, where the subject and the object change places. A person ceases to be a subject in interaction with the media, since it is not he who influences them, but, on the contrary, the means of communication subordinate him to their will and the logic of existence. Conclusion. Such an ambiguous approach to the consideration of the phenomenon of media constitutes the research value of the book, which may be of interest to a wide range of readers dealing with the problems of digital society.","PeriodicalId":252065,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy","volume":"120 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139176116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Personality’s emotional ecological safety: Phenomenological analysis and research prospects 人格的情感生态安全：现象学分析与研究展望

Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-445-451

S.V. Frolova

{"title":"Personality’s emotional ecological safety: Phenomenological analysis and research prospects","authors":"S.V. Frolova","doi":"10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-445-451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-445-451","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction describes intrascientific and sociocultural factors that determine the difficulties of studying research problems of psychology of a personality’s emotional sphere, and highlights its insufficiently studied issues. The solution to these issues may offer new prospects of the development of fundamental and applied knowledge of the essence of human nature. The author suggests examining a personality’s ecological safety in expressing and controlling feelings as one of the heuristic objectives. The theoretical analysis aims at the phenomenon of a personality’s emotional ecological safety. Its description is based on the ideas of personality ecology that have recently emerged in the field of psychology. The author introduces and defines the notion of a personality’s emotional ecological safety as a complex ability to generate and express psychologically safe for a personality and other people, eco-sensitive, proactive reaction to the events and emotional behavior of other people. The research identifies the components of emotional ecological safety connected with the ways of expressing empathy, interest and trust in another person’s feelings, giving him or her freedom of emotional experience, and readiness to neutralize other people’s negative emotions, regulation of one’s own emotional expressiveness, the locus of control over emotions. The conclusion outlines the prospects for designing psychodiagnostic tools to find the ability of a personality’s emotional ecological safety and application of the results of further empirical research in the positive psychological counseling.","PeriodicalId":252065,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139173695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modern aspects of teaching a foreign language to schoolchildren and students of secondary vocational education in Finland 芬兰中小学生和中等职业教育学生外语教学的现代问题

Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-475-479

M. M. Parshina

{"title":"Modern aspects of teaching a foreign language to schoolchildren and students of secondary vocational education in Finland","authors":"M. M. Parshina","doi":"10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-475-479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-475-479","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Within the framework of this article, the author made an attempt to consider some features of teaching a foreign language in Finland at school and in institutions of secondary vocational education, which allow the Finns to speak a foreign language at a fairly good level. Theoretical analysis. Consideration of the reasons for these results made it possible to reveal the fact that in recent years a system of early learning of a foreign language has been introduced in Finnish education. Much attention is paid to the formation of communication and interaction skills. The study of a foreign language in the secondary school is aimed at familiarizing the student with the culture of the language being studied. When teaching a foreign language to students of secondary vocational education institutions, there is an active integration of general education and vocational training. Conclusion. When studying their native language, students consider general linguistic concepts that are also inherent in other languages and contribute to a common understanding of the language structure. Finnish teachers in their professional activities rely on the teachings of L. S. Vygotsky about the zone of proximal development. Language learning is seen as a lifelong process that aims to develop multilingual competence.","PeriodicalId":252065,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy","volume":"149 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139173877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Saratov industrial and organizational psychology in the 1920–1930 1920-1930 年萨拉托夫工业和组织心理学

Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-452-457

Alla L. Yuzhaninova

{"title":"Saratov industrial and organizational psychology in the 1920–1930","authors":"Alla L. Yuzhaninova","doi":"10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-452-457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-452-457","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The first study of the history of Saratov organizational psychology was carried out by L. N. Aksenovskaya, who traced the development of the industrial and organizational direction at Saratov State University from 1971 to the present. The purpose of our research was to analyze the process of formation of organizational and psychological science in Saratov in the 1920s–1930s. Such historical and psychological methods as the analysis of information presented in scientific and reference publications, historical reconstruction, interpretation of factual material were used. Theoretical analysis. A study was conducted on the development of Saratov organizational psychology in the 1920s–1930s as an integral part of two directions – scientific organization of labor and psychotechnics. Conclusion. It is established that organizational psychology in Saratov developed in accordance with the general trends of the scientific process for the whole country. For research and practical work, divisions were created at provincial administrative institutions, regional branches of All-Russian scientific communities, experimental laboratories. The article presents the activities of three Saratov laboratories organized by engineers at the Saratov Institute of National Economy, doctors at the Provincial Department of Public Education, psychologists at the Department of Philosophy and Psychology of Saratov University (the heads respectively N. M. Dyakonov, I. L. Stychinsky, A. A. Krogius).","PeriodicalId":252065,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139175891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phenomenon of a therapeutic misconception: Bioethical aspect 治疗误区现象：生物伦理方面

Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-389-393

Maria A. Nartova

{"title":"Phenomenon of a therapeutic misconception: Bioethical aspect","authors":"Maria A. Nartova","doi":"10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-389-393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-389-393","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction.The obligatory study of medical drugs during clinical trials conduction can be named as one of the fundamental principles of evidence-based medicine. The article deals with the phenomenon of a therapeutic misconception occurring in volunteers participating in such experiments, who failed to understand the scientific goals of clinical trials and incorrectly expect the therapeutical advantages linked with such a participation. It is analyzed which methodological decisions can cause a therapeutic misconception, and also the main bioethical risks associated with this phenomenon are indicated. Theoretical analysis. It is shown that the procedure of the receipt of informed consent form is the main problematic aspect for an adequate understanding of clinical trials’ goals by its volunteers, and violation of the principle of patient autonomy can be named as a primary bioethical risk. During the COVID-19 pandemic there has been a heterogeneity of therapeutic strategies fixed because of the lack of knowledge about the new pathogen. As a result, the inability to adequately assess the risks of the intended treatment both by a patient and a doctor became a new factor that caused the therapeutic misconception. Conclusion. The procedure for obtaining informed consent form is supposed to be revised, the additional analysis of the methodology of clinical trials should be done to reduce the risk of a therapeutic misconception.","PeriodicalId":252065,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139175262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The practical component of early Greek philosophy 早期希腊哲学的实践部分

Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-384-388

V. Maslov

{"title":"The practical component of early Greek philosophy","authors":"V. Maslov","doi":"10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-384-388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-384-388","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The relevance of «practical philosophy» is contrasted with «traditional philosophy», detached from life. The final perspective sees the harmonization of theoretical-practical and practical-theoretical activity of philosophers, based on the appropriate historical and logical rethinking of the history of philosophy. The classical beginning is to emphasize the practical component of early Greek philosophy. Theoretical analysis. The direct connection to life unites Thales as a sage with Thales as a philosopher (the widespread idea of the remoteness of Thales' philosophy from practice is criticized as being engaged by the dominant theoretical-practical paradigm of philosophy). The expert model of the practical component of Thales' philosophy generally characterizes the Milesian school and the Eleates. The absence of effective philosophical practice contributes to the skepticism of Xenophanes and the tragic nature of Heraclitus' work. Political activity of Pythagoreans is the objective maximum of the practical component of philosophy (political model of the practical component of philosophy). The problematic nature of philosophers' political activity, the growth and complication of theoretical research lead the ancient atomists towards the formation of a theoretical-practical model of philosophical activity. Conclusion. The problem of connection with life was positively solved in the work of Thales and was significant for all early Greek philosophy. This should be taken into account in the further study of the history of philosophy; the latter is in essence the school of thought that contributes to the harmonization of theoretical and practical activities of modern philosophy.","PeriodicalId":252065,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy","volume":"84 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139174955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eye-tracking study of the perception of folk art on the example of Gzhel and Khokhloma 以 Gzhel 和 Khokhloma 为例对民间艺术感知的眼动追踪研究

Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-424-430

Ekaterina M. Zinchenko

{"title":"Eye-tracking study of the perception of folk art on the example of Gzhel and Khokhloma","authors":"Ekaterina M. Zinchenko","doi":"10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-424-430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-424-430","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Folk art is the basis of spiritual and moral education. Given that folk art is entering our lives in a new way, the chosen topic is relevant. Theoretical analysis. Gzhel and Khokhloma have accompanied the development of artistic taste over the centuries. It is known about the influence of art on the psycho-emotional state of a person, an indicator of which is oculomotor activity. Eye movements can be used as indicators of the perceptual process. Empirical analysis. The characteristic values of blinking, fixations and saccades were revealed during the perception of images of Gzhel and Khokhloma, taking into account the preference for one or another folk art. It has been established that those who prefer Gzhel use a contemplative strategy of observation, while those who choose Khokhloma use a research one. Also, when considering blue-white images, persons who have chosen Gzhel use a rational way of perception, and when perceiving gold images, they use an emotional one. Participants who preferred Khokhloma showed an inverse ratio of perception methods. Conclusion. When considering folk art, different ways of processing information are actualized among people who prefer Gzhel and Khokhloma. The identified features of oculomotor activity will make it possible to use these types of folk art in art therapy when conducting additional research.","PeriodicalId":252065,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy","volume":"19 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139175678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transhumanism and bioethics about human ecology: The limits of what is permitted 关于人类生态学的超人类主义和生命伦理学：允许的限度

Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-374-378

A. Kraynov

{"title":"Transhumanism and bioethics about human ecology: The limits of what is permitted","authors":"A. Kraynov","doi":"10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-374-378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-374-378","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article is devoted to the issues of human ecology, the choice of the optimal way for the interaction between science and the human body and consciousness. Transhumanism and bioethics have different views on solving this problem. Theoretical analysis. Developing NBIC-technologies set as their task the global transformation of a person. The idea of creating people-cyborgs and digital copies of human consciousness is considered. Also, modern concepts of the development of science provide for the chipization of a person within the framework of the Neuronet-2035 project. The ethical side of the issue is important. The basic principles of bioethics partially allow technological intervention in the human body, but its degree is not spelled out anywhere. In this regard, a subjective interpretation of the principles of “do no harm”, “do good”, “fairness” and “respect for the autonomy of the patient” is acceptable. Conclusion. Human ecology involves the search and development of effective methods for improving human existence in the “society-nature” system. At the same time, the quality of both the person himself and his environment should be improved. The modern anthropocentric approach to solving this problem has not given any positive results. It is possible that cyborgization will partially solve it, but as a result of this, the person himself will disappear.","PeriodicalId":252065,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139174290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Order training as a method of managing the formed suborders of organizational culture (Castalia program) 将秩序培训作为管理已形成的组织文化次秩序的方法（卡斯塔利亚计划）

Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.18500/1819-7671-2023-23-4-419-423

L. Aksenovskaya

引用次数: 0