ACS Sensors最新文献

{"title":"Lotus-Leaf-Inspired Surface-Fluorinated Indium Oxide Nanomastoid for Humidity-Resistant Hydrogen Sulfide Detection in Exhaled Breath","authors":"Wen Niu,Kaijin Kang,Jiongyue Hao,Chun Huang,Xuefeng Chen,Hangyu Liu,Mati Horprathum,Gang Meng,Xiangshui Miao,Wei Hu,Kazuki Nagashima,Yong He,Yongcai Guo","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.6c02537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.6c02537","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Non-invasive breath testing has emerged as a promising technique for real-time disease monitoring and early intervention. In the oral cavity, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is predominantly generated through the metabolic degradation of sulfur-containing amino acids by Gram-negative anaerobic and Gram-positive bacterial communities. Precise quantification of exhaled H2S concentrations enables effective diagnosis of oral diseases, providing critical insights for clinical treatment strategies. However, the complex gas composition and high humidity of exhaled breath pose significant challenges for trace H2S detection due to interference effects. Herein, we report the fabrication of a surface-fluorinated indium oxide (In2O3) nanomastoid sensitive material via SF6 reactive ion etching. This engineered material mimics the multiscale hierarchical architecture of lotus leaves, integrating micron-sized mastoid protrusions with nanoscale fluorinated domains. The synergistic effect of the unique nanostructure and surface fluorination endows the sensor with excellent humidity-resistant H2S response kinetics. The sensor exhibits a stable response over the humidity range from 0 to 75% relative humidity (RH), with response values to 5 ppm H2S of 4.01 at 0% RH and 3.98 at 75% RH. Furthermore, under 100% RH in the presence of 4% CO2 as a typical interferent, the sensor maintains reliable detection of H2S at the ppb level, with a sensitivity of 1.35 and a theoretical detection limit of 37 ppb under such conditions. Experimental validation includes trace-level H2S detection in the exhaled breath of different volunteers and self-monitoring of post-toothbrushing H2S dynamics. The developed sensor system achieves tens of ppb level resolution, capable of detecting subtle H2S concentration changes while triggering an alarm upon detection of abnormal concentrations. To elucidate the underlying sensing mechanism and moisture-resistant origin, we conducted density functional theory calculations combined with in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy experiments, which aim to analyze the surface chemical states and gas–material interaction behaviors of the fluorinated In2O3 nanomastoid structures under air or H2S gas, as well as under dry or humid environments. This work provides a robust material and sensor platform for trace H2S detection in high-humidity complex gas matrices, highlighting its significant clinical potential for non-invasive oral disease screening and personalized healthcare management.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149050171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning-Assisted Terahertz Metasurface Biosensing for Rapid Ex Vivo Molecular Assessment of Diffuse Glioma Frozen Sections","authors":"Chuanzheng Wang,Qingtong Wang,Lu Liu,Xinglong Zhang,Mingkun Li,Weiyang Ma,Xin Yan,Rongrong Zhao,Boyan Li,Haiyun Yao,Lanju Liang,Hao Xue,Fan Yang,Gang Li,Ziqun Wang,Tao Xin","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.6c03074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.6c03074","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Molecularly informed maximal safe resection of diffuse glioma requires rapid assessment of surgical specimens, but conventional molecular assays are not suited to repeated ex vivo testing. We developed a deep learning-assisted terahertz (THz) metasurface workflow in which a K/I-patterned aluminum metasurface both serves as the cryosection-receiving substrate and converts tissue-induced dielectric perturbations into multi-resonance THz responses. After preliminary thickness optimization, 50 μm sections were prepared directly on the active sensing area. The study included 53 patients, 59 tissue specimens, and 590 nested block-level spectra. A SEResNet1D model analyzed the complete 0.50–1.12 THz transmittance curve using a patient/specimen-grouped hold-out design. Distinct from prior conventional THz molecular studies and metasurface studies focused mainly on tumor–normal contrast, cultured cells, or animal imaging, the workflow integrates direct on-metasurface cryosectioning, resonant multi-mode THz transduction, full-spectrum deep learning, and leakage-aware grouped validation for five-class molecularly relevant assessment of human diffuse glioma frozen sections. Across five independently initialized runs, SEResNet1D achieved a mean five-class accuracy of 97.48 ± 0.87%. One THz spectrum required approximately 8 s, and a ready-to-scan tissue–sensor unit could be prepared in approximately 3 min. These findings support metasurface-enhanced THz sensing with full-spectrum deep learning as a rapid ex vivo adjunct for molecularly relevant assessment of diffuse glioma specimens.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"476 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149049857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogel-Based Self-powered Sensing for Muscle Activity Monitoring and Safe Rehabilitation Robotics","authors":"Yunlu Wang,Bing Liu,Dongsheng Liu,Songjian Lv,Bo Wang,Hengzhi Guo,Fei Wang,Chunmei Cao,Yupeng Mao","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.6c02556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.6c02556","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Upper-limb motor dysfunction is a common sequela following neurological and orthopedic injuries and can severely impair functional recovery. However, conventional rehabilitation approaches remain limited by subjective assessments and the lack of muscle-specific physiological feedback. In this study, a self-powered adaptive coupled sensing system based on a flexible triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is developed. The TENG is constructed using a polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/polyacrylamide double-network organohydrogel. This hydrogel serves as both a highly deformable electrode and an efficient tribopositive layer. It exhibits a tensile strength of 400 kPa, an elongation at break of 325%, and excellent ionic conductivity. The fabricated TENG sensors, including PP-TENG and PSPE-TENG, maintain stable electrical output and rapid response performance even at a low operating frequency of 1 Hz. The response and recovery times are approximately 84 and 74 ms, respectively. Owing to their excellent conformability, the sensors can be attached directly to the skin and dynamically monitor subtle muscle deformations during movement. Furthermore, the PP-TENG was integrated with a Universal Robots UR7e robotic arm to establish a closed-loop control framework. The system continuously evaluates muscle contraction stability through real-time analysis of the variance of TENG signals. Once abnormal fluctuations in muscle activity are detected, the system automatically suspends robotic assistance and issues a warning, enabling rapid safety monitoring during rehabilitation training. Proof-of-concept demonstrations in biceps-curl exercises and ankle rehabilitation showed that the system can adaptively regulate training intensity based on direct neuromuscular feedback. This work provides a promising strategy for hydrogel-based self-powered sensing and offers a new pathway toward safe and personalized closed-loop rehabilitation systems.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149049858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Triple-Signal Output Lateral Flow Platform Leveraging CRISPR/Cas12a and Nanozyme Cascades for Ultra-Sensitive Aflatoxin B1 Detection","authors":"Qingge Shi,&nbsp;Juntao Wang,&nbsp;Xiaomin Pang,&nbsp;Dongdong Zhang,&nbsp;Cifu Xu,&nbsp;Qihang Lu,&nbsp;Yan Wang,&nbsp;Xianghong Wang,&nbsp;Fuyuan Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.6c01569","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssensors.6c01569","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The presence of the potent carcinogen aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in agricultural products poses a grave threat to food safety and human health, underscoring the imperative development of highly sensitive detection methodologies. Despite the considerable efforts that have been dedicated to aptamer-based biosensors, the sensitivity of typical nucleic acid-integrated aptasensors is still limited by inefficient strand displacement. To address this limitation, a “three-in-one” multireadout lateral flow assay for AFB1 was developed, integrating CRISPR/Cas12a single-stranded DNase activity with PtPdRu nanozyme-mediated colorimetric signal amplification. The detection process initiates with a “locked activator” DNA configuration, wherein aptamer-specific recognition of AFB1 activates the nonspecific ssDNA cleavage activity of CRISPR/Cas12a, resulting in a fluorescence output. The integrated PtPdRu functions as both a colorimetric probe and a peroxidase mimic, allowing for catalytic amplification based on 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine for improved colorimetric detection. The signal-amplified aptasensor achieves ultrasensitive detection with a limit of detection of 0.22 pg/mL, which is 13-fold and 2.7-fold lower than those of the fluorescence mode and the intrinsic colorimetric mode, respectively. Coupled with a smartphone app, the “samples‑in, signal‑out” strategy exhibits high specificity in moldy corn and peanut samples. The triple-modal outputs provide a versatile tool for sensitive detection of AFB1 in agricultural products.</p>","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"11 9","pages":"8110–8122"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148372569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Customizable 3D Microelectrode Arrays Enabled by Two-Photon Polymerization and Liquid Metal Integration for Neural Interface Applications","authors":"Seoyeon Won,&nbsp;Alexandra M. Boyadzhiev,&nbsp;Qian Zhou,&nbsp;Junseo Park,&nbsp;Yantao Fan,&nbsp;Sijia Huang,&nbsp;Taehwan Lim,&nbsp;Huanan Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.6c02036","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssensors.6c02036","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Conventional silicon-based microfabrication with both 2D and 3D geometries has enabled increasingly sophisticated neural microelectrode arrays; however, the inherent rigidity of silicon fundamentally limits both the mechanical compliance necessary for chronic implantation in soft neural tissues and the geometric customizability achievable through microfabrication processes. Here, we present a silicon-free strategy in which soft polymeric 3D neural microelectrode arrays are fabricated via customizable two-photon polymerization (2PP) and readily functionalized as electrodes by simple injection of liquid-phase gallium (Ga) into the printed hollow channels. The liquid Ga confinement in the 3D-printed hollow microneedle is characterized by a newly defined “retention number (<em>R</em>_t)” enabling the prediction of stable Ga confinement under physiological conditions. Also, to overcome the high impedance arising from the natively formed oxide on Ga, the microelectrode surface was modified with gold nanoparticles and then poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) with tetrafluoroborate dopants (BF₄) (PEDOT:BF₄), resulting in an approximately 3-order-of-magnitude decrease in impedance and improved electrochemical stability. Lastly, in vivo recordings in an invertebrate model successfully captured neural spiking activity with no Ga electrode leakage from the microelectrodes. These results demonstrate an effective strategy for integrating liquid metal electrodes into customizable 2PP 3D-printed structures, offering a versatile platform for next-generation soft bioelectronic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"11 9","pages":"8283–8295"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148821787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strain Sensor–Integrated Tri-Layer Cantilever with Enhanced Sensitivity and Stability for Quantitative Cardiotoxicity Screening","authors":"Ke Liu,&nbsp;Arunkumar Shanmugasundaram,&nbsp;Haolan Sun,&nbsp;Longlong Li,&nbsp;Gowoon Jeong,&nbsp;Seong Young Ko,&nbsp;Eung-Sam Kim,&nbsp;Bong-Kee Lee,&nbsp;Dong-Weon Lee","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.6c01331","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssensors.6c01331","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cantilever-based biosensors provide a powerful approach for monitoring cardiomyocyte contractility, but conventional designs often exhibit baseline bending that compromises sensitivity and limits predictive accuracy in drug screening. Here, we present a tri-layer polymer cantilever biosensing platform integrated with a full-bridge piezoresistive strain sensor for the quantitative measurement of cardiomyocyte contractility. The hybrid KMSF–SU-8–KMSF structure minimizes residual stress and reduces baseline deformation by more than 85% compared to SU-8-only cantilevers. This architecture improves strain transfer to the embedded sensors and achieves a limit of detection of approximately 1.2 kPa, which is lower than that of previously reported cantilever systems. The top KMSF layer functions as both an encapsulation barrier and a tissue-guiding interface, promoting alignment, enhancing sarcomere organization, and increasing connexin-43 expression to support cardiomyocyte maturation. Drug screening further confirms the platform’s predictive accuracy, as the device successfully detects the expected pharmacological effects: verapamil decreases contractile force, isoproterenol increases both force and beat rate, blebbistatin suppresses myofilament activity, and astemizole induces arrhythmic beating consistent with hERG channel blockade. By providing stable, label-free, and high-sensitivity electronic readouts of cardiomyocyte contractility, this platform establishes a robust and scalable solution for preclinical cardiotoxicity testing, disease modeling, and personalized medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"11 9","pages":"8032–8041"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148821796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA Methylation Readers in Biosensing Strategies","authors":"Samer Aphrham,&nbsp;Mark Verheijden,&nbsp;Jurriaan Huskens","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.6c01631","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssensors.6c01631","url":null,"abstract":"<p>DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that influences gene expression and cellular signaling. Abnormalities in the DNA methylation landscape have been associated with diverse pathologies and diseases, making accurate and accessible detection methods essential for both research and clinical diagnostics. Conventional methylation analysis techniques, such as bisulfite conversion-based assays, are the gold standard; however, they can be labor-intensive, chemically harsh, and poorly suited for real-time or point-of-care applications. Additionally, the potential for incomplete or over-conversion may affect diagnostic performance and has been a longstanding topic of discussion around bisulfite conversion. Alternative strategies, such as methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes (MSREs) and catalytic approaches, have addressed some limitations but still face challenges in specificity and sensitivity, throughput, and operational complexity. Recent advances in bioengineering and nanotechnology have leveraged the development of molecular elements, broadly referred to as “methylation readers”, capable of specifically recognizing methylated DNA. Methylation readers are naturally occurring proteins, such as methyl-CpG binding domain proteins (MBDs), but also synthetically engineered proteins, such as transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs), as well as abiotic analogs, such as molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and methylation-sensitive intercalators. The recent integration of these methylation readers into various biosensor platforms has enabled a significant advancement in epigenetic analysis, offering rapid, sensitive, and conversion-free DNA methylation detection without the need for relatively complex sample preparation. Such capabilities hold significant potential for early disease detection, personalized diagnostics, and fast monitoring of methylation-associated diseases. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and focused overview of the recent developments in the integration of methylation readers into biosensing technologies. We highlight the potential of these integrated approaches to transform epigenetic analysis in both research and clinical settings, discuss existing limitations, and outline future directions for advancing the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"11 9","pages":"7763–7790"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148821797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoupling Surgical Bioaerosol Burden and Biological Activity with Point-of-Care Microfluidic-Plasmonic Biosensing","authors":"Yirou Liang,&nbsp;Jizhuang Luo,&nbsp;Danhua Wang,&nbsp;Yunbo Li,&nbsp;Bangchao Xi,&nbsp;Pengxin Huang,&nbsp;Jiayun Wu,&nbsp;Linlin Liu,&nbsp;Xiaotong Jiang,&nbsp;Fanxiang Bu,&nbsp;Yang Zha,&nbsp;Guangyu Qiu","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.6c01436","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssensors.6c01436","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Point-of-care bioaerosol analysis remains a critical gap in perioperative exposure assessment, as existing air-monitoring approaches primarily quantify particle burden while providing limited information on aerosol-associated biomolecular composition. Here, we present Surgical Personalized On-site Tracker (SPOT), a portable microfluidic sampling-to-biosensing system with localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biosensing for dual-parameter assessments of proteinaceous aerosol burden and accessible adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The SPOT platform enables on-site detection of total protein as a surrogate for aerosolized biological loads, whereas the ATP channel quantifies accessible ATP after aerosol collection and sample processing without intentional cell lysis. In a clinical study conducted during thoracic surgeries, SPOT detected markedly elevated bioaerosols compared with nonsurgical conditions, with total proteinaceous bioaerosol burden levels reaching 39.93 pg/m³ and accessible ATP concentrations up to 78.97 pmol/m³. Importantly, minimally invasive procedures exhibited a significantly higher ATP-to-protein ratio than open surgeries, i.e., 3.15 vs 2.07 pmol/pg, revealing disproportionally elevated accessible ATP within surgical plumes despite lower total mass. These findings established ATP-to-protein profiling as a novel metric for functional bioaerosol surveillance and demonstrated the potential of SPOT for perioperative air-quality monitoring and biosafety evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"11 9","pages":"8067–8077"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148858434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reprogramming RNA Degraders as Intracellular Molecule Sensors for Tumor Cell Sensing and Manipulation","authors":"Pin-Ru Chen,&nbsp;Ying Han,&nbsp;Pei-Pei Qin,&nbsp;Ying-Yue Xu,&nbsp;Qian Tao,&nbsp;Bang-Ce Ye,&nbsp;Bin-Cheng Yin","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.6c01983","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssensors.6c01983","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Engineering transgene expression to respond specifically to intracellular cues holds transformative potential for monitoring cell states and modulating cellular functions. Here we introduce TRADER (Target-induced Transgene Activators via Reprogramming of dCas6-barnase Degrader), a versatile and modular platform that enables transgene activation in response to intracellular molecules at the post-transcriptional level. TRADER leverages a proximity-dependent RNA degrader system, in which a catalytically inactive Cas6 (dCas6) is fused to an engineered RNase, barnase, to suppress exogenous gene expression through targeted mRNA degradation. This repression can be relieved through two distinct mechanisms: (1) incorporating microRNA (miRNA) target sites into the dCas6-barnase transcript allows for endogenous miRNA-mediated downregulation of the degrader, and (2) inserting protease-cleavable linkers enables protease-triggered degrader disassembly, and further engineering a positive-feedback loop achieves signal amplification. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate the utility of TRADER in two applications: selective sensing of intracellular miRNA and ATP levels in target cells using fluorescent proteins, and conditional elimination of tumor cells overexpressing cathepsin B protease (CaBp) through induced expression of a cytotoxic protein. Collectively, TRADER offers a flexible and expandable toolkit for cell-state-specific control of transgene expression, with broad implications for synthetic biology, cell-based diagnostics, and precision therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"11 9","pages":"8236–8247"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148858435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Modular, Bubble-Infused, Hydrogel Ultrasound Wearable for Minimally Invasive Biochemical Monitoring","authors":"Qi Yuan,&nbsp;Wanglinhan Zhang,&nbsp;Jiangang Xu,&nbsp;Pengfei Li,&nbsp;Qingqing Wang,&nbsp;Jie Huang,&nbsp;Guojie Luo,&nbsp;Zhongqing Su","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.6c02306","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssensors.6c02306","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While miniaturized wearable ultrasound technologies excel at physiological monitoring, detecting small-molecule biochemicals remains challenging due to their inherent “acoustic invisibility”. To address this, we establish a mechano-acoustic transduction mechanism that translates biochemical stimuli into quantifiable acoustic signatures. Central to this approach is a “Core-Shell Cell” (CSC) architecture, comprising a bubble-infused hydrogel core encapsulated by a stimuli-responsive hydrogel shell. Upon exposure to target analytes, the responsive shell swells and exerts compressive stress on the core, inducing measurable shifts in the transmitted ultrasound spectrum. Implementing this strategy, we develop a modular, wrist-worn ultrasound device featuring a minimally invasive microneedle interface. Using in vitro and ex vivo models, we demonstrate the expandability of the device through continuous monitoring of pH and glucose, capturing critical pathological variations for diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemia alerts. Validated by systematic characterizations, this work endows wearable ultrasound with “biochemical vision”, establishing an adaptable strategy for multi-analyte profiling.</p>","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"11 9","pages":"8406–8418"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148858439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}