Applied Clay Science最新文献

{"title":"Investigation of montmorillonite clay for its potential application for pesticides adsorption in single and binary systems","authors":"Lotfi Sellaoui ,&nbsp;Felycia Edi Soetaredjo ,&nbsp;Nour Sghaier ,&nbsp;Alessandro Erto ,&nbsp;Taoufik Saidani ,&nbsp;Norah Alwadai ,&nbsp;Michael Badawi ,&nbsp;Guilherme Luiz Dotto ,&nbsp;Suryadi Ismadji","doi":"10.1016/j.clay.2025.107922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clay.2025.107922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single-compounds and binary experimental data on the adsorption of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and Acifluorfen (ACF) onto montmorillonite are obtained at different temperatures (30, 40, 50 °C) to explain and understand the competitive interactions between these water contaminants. The experimental results indicate that the maximum adsorption capacities of ACF in the single-compound system are approximately 90, 130, and 161 mg/g, respectively. In the binary system, these capacities decrease to 73, 114, and 142 mg/g, respectively. For 2,4-D, single-compound adsorption capacities varied from 55, 89 to 119 mg/g, while in binary system, they decreased to 44, 71 and 98 mg/g, respectively. The reduction in adsorption performance is related to the competitive effect between the investigated molecules. To further elucidate the adsorption mechanisms in single-compound and binary systems, a theoretical study based on modeling analysis is conducted. A double-layer adsorption model for single-compound and a competitive adsorption model for binary systems are employed to deeper investigate the possible mechanisms involved.</div><div>The results indicate that ACF is adsorbed via an aggregation process, forming trimers at lower temperatures (30 °C), whereas this aggregation is reduced at higher temperatures (50 °C), leading to monomer formation. In contrast, 2,4-D is removed without undergoing an aggregation process. Binary modeling revealed that the presence of a second compound in solution creates an antagonistic effect, leading to reduced adsorption capacities. This theoretical approach demonstrates that ACF and 2,4-D are adsorbed primarily through physical interactions, with endothermic processes playing a key role in their removal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":245,"journal":{"name":"Applied Clay Science","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 107922"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of temperature on structure and mechanical properties of kaolinite via experiments and reactive molecular dynamics simulations","authors":"Yiming Liu,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Zheng,&nbsp;Hongjie Lin,&nbsp;Qichang Fan,&nbsp;Ting Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.clay.2025.107918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clay.2025.107918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To explore the temperature required for dehydroxylation of clay minerals and the properties of calcined clay in Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3), this work took kaolinite as the research object. The chemical transformation of kaolinite after heat treatment was investigated by Thermogravimetric test (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectrum (FT-IR). Meanwhile, the internal mechanism of structural transformation and mechanical response was investigated by Reactive Molecular Dynamics (RMD) simulations. TG, FT-IR, and XRD analysis results showed that free water was removed at 378 K, dehydroxylation of kaolinite began at 673 K, and dehydroxylation was complete at 873 K. FT-IR analysis results showed that kaolinite tetrahedron remained stable, while octahedron changed. RMD simulations results showed that dehydroxylation of kaolinite began at 378 K ∼ 473 K, and kaolinite was transformed into metakaolinite at 873 K. And the results also showed that the formation of silanol (Si-OH) caused the peak of FT-IR to widen. The internal mechanism of the interlayer structural transformation of kaolinite was revealed through the analysis of layer spacing, interlayer adhesion work, interlayer water molecules, and H-bond. Eventually, RMD simulations results showed that metakaolinite had stronger deformation resistance than kaolinite by calculating the elastic constants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":245,"journal":{"name":"Applied Clay Science","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 107918"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mineralogical and isotopic signatures of kaolin regolith: Paleoclimate insights from the Kuba area, Ropp Complex (central Nigeria)","authors":"Adamu Yunusa ,&nbsp;Hanlie Hong ,&nbsp;Atif Salim ,&nbsp;Tarig Amam Suliman ,&nbsp;Chen Liu ,&nbsp;Thomas J. Algeo","doi":"10.1016/j.clay.2025.107916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clay.2025.107916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Kuba kaolin regolith provides insights into weathering processes during soil formation on a biotite-granite protolith and their relationships to paleoclimate conditions. Mineralogical and geochemical properties of the regolith were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, X-ray fluorescence, differential scanning calorimetry, and stable isotopes (ẟ¹⁸O, ẟ²H). The regolith consists mainly of kaolinite and illite, representing a tropical weathering regime of sub-recent age. Kaolinite persists throughout, with a slight increase in moisture availability near the surface. Isotope values (ẟ¹⁸O: +9.2 to +16.2 ‰; ẟ²H: −83 to −40 ‰) suggest an interplay between meteoric and hydrothermal fluids, with formation temperatures ranging from 47 °C to 65 °C. These values exceed typical surface weathering temperatures, indicating low-temperature hydrothermal alteration or deep circulation of heated groundwater, rather than purely supergene processes. Evidence for climate transitions includes elemental leaching trends and isotopic shifts, indicating alternating wet-dry cycles. A paleotemperature decrease from the top to the base of the section also indicates a shift from a warmer, humid climate to cooler conditions supporting a broader climatic evolution. Elemental losses (Na, Ca, K, Mn, Mg) and relatively stable TiO₂ and Al₂O₃ suggest selective leaching. Chondrite-normalized rare earth elements (REE) patterns display strong light rare earth elements (LREE) enrichment, a negative Eu anomaly, and a positive Ce anomaly in some sections, signaling oxidative weathering and feldspar alteration. High weathering indices at depth CIA (chemical index of alteration) &gt;90, MIA (mineralogical index of alteration) &gt;90) suggest intense alteration driven by prolonged fluid interaction rather than temperature alone. Thermal analysis supports kaolinite's stability under the prevailing conditions, making it a key indicator of the weathering environment. The profile's signatures reflect a dynamic climate history marked by Late Cenozoic climatic transitions and significant influences from the African Humid Period on weathering processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":245,"journal":{"name":"Applied Clay Science","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 107916"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144480385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bentonite mass loss in fractured crystalline rock quantified from CT scans using digital rock physics and machine learning: case study from the Grimsel Test Site (Switzerland)","authors":"Saeid Sadeghnejad ,&nbsp;Sarah Hupfer ,&nbsp;Janis Pingel ,&nbsp;Bill Lanyon ,&nbsp;Raphael Schneeberger ,&nbsp;Ingo Blechschmidt ,&nbsp;Ursula Alonso ,&nbsp;Wolfgang Hauser ,&nbsp;Stephanie Kraft ,&nbsp;Horst Geckeis ,&nbsp;Thorsten Schäfer","doi":"10.1016/j.clay.2025.107915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clay.2025.107915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bentonite plays a critical role in engineered barrier systems designed for radioactive waste storage in geological repositories especially in crystalline formations. Ensuring its long-term stability under realistic hydrogeochemical conditions is vital for evaluating the safety of these repositories. This study investigated the influence of controlled water flow in a shear zone on the erosion of bentonite through a 4.5-year Long-Term In-Situ Test (LIT) at the Grimsel Test Site, Switzerland. Compacted Ca-Mg-type FEBEX bentonite rings (with 90 % montmorillonite content) were positioned in-situ in an emplacement borehole intersecting a water-conducting shear zone providing direct contact with low-mineralized glacial meltwater. X-ray computed tomography scanning, along with digital rock physics methods, were used to quantify bentonite mass loss and the contact shear zone aperture distribution on over-cored LIT samples. A Random Forest classifier, a machine learning technique, was used for segmentation, which enabled more precise quantification of bentonite mass loss and improved fault characterization. This approach used multiphase segmentation, allowing accurate distinction between different material phases in the cored interval, which is essential for resolving complex interactions in heterogeneous systems. The selection of the correct region of interest was crucial for minimizing segmentation errors and improving mass loss quantification by reducing interferences from non-relevant structures. The aperture distribution between the three boreholes over-cored within the shear zone was evaluated with a mean thickness of 2.90 ± 1.09 mm (2σ). Furthermore, the bentonite mass loss was computed from the scanned images and compared with mobilised montmorillonite colloid masses, continuously sampled in the water from observation boreholes (0.11–0.12 m and 6 m distance) measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and laser-induced breakdown detection (LIBD) techniques. The data evaluation of both techniques used in this study provided erosion rates &lt;2 kg/m²/y, which are at least two orders of magnitude below the mass loss assessment rates of 500 to 1500 kg/m²/y defined by safety case considerations of the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company (Svensk Kärnbränslehantering Aktiebolag, SKB) and the Finnish company POSIVA handling the final disposal of the spent nuclear fuel generated by its owners, the nuclear plant operators Teollisuuden Voima and Fortum. The creation of a digital twin model for the bentonite-water-shear zone system provided new insights into the erosion processes showing inhomogeneous erosion in contact with real fracture geometries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":245,"journal":{"name":"Applied Clay Science","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 107915"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mineralogical and geotechnical characterization of two German bentonites from Westerwald and Bavaria","authors":"A. Asaad ,&nbsp;A. Nitsch ,&nbsp;W. Baille ,&nbsp;K. Emmerich","doi":"10.1016/j.clay.2025.107901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clay.2025.107901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the fundamental mineralogical, physico-chemical, and geotechnical properties of two naturally occurring Ca/Mg bentonites from Germany, along with their Na-saturated sub-fractions. The bentonites — Secursol UHP® from Westerwald and Calcigel® from Bavaria — are commercially available and used in different forms, including granular and pillow types, for geotechnical purposes and multiscale testing of the Sandwich sealing system for hydraulic sealing in underground waste repositories. The dioctahedral smectite content in Secursol UHP and Calcigel is 79 % and 61 %, respectively. Smectite in both was identified as montmorillonitic beidellite with significant octahedral iron and no interstratification. Smectite in Secursol UHP shows a slightly higher layer charge and broader particle size distribution, while Calcigel smectite has a 25 % larger average basal surface and slightly greater stack thickness. Geotechnically, both are highly plastic clays with almost identical consistency as received; however, Calcigel exhibits a higher liquid limit, greater water uptake, and better dispersity in deionized water despite its lower smectite content, lower total specific surface area, and relatively coarser particles. These discrepancies are attributed to the inherited fabric of Secursol UHP hindering smectite expansion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":245,"journal":{"name":"Applied Clay Science","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 107901"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcium Speciation and Solubility in Tropical Agricultural Soil Clays","authors":"Apinya Saentho ,&nbsp;Piyapas Sricharoenvech ,&nbsp;Jörg Prietzel ,&nbsp;Wantana Klysubun ,&nbsp;Worachart Wisawapipat","doi":"10.1016/j.clay.2025.107912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clay.2025.107912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Calcium (Ca) constitutes a plant macronutrient but is often deficient in acidic tropical soils. However, our understanding of Ca speciation and solubility in such soils remains limited. Herein, we scrutinized Ca speciation in soil clays using K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy and examined Ca fractionation in soils through sequential extraction. The Ca XANES spectra of soil clay samples revealed an almost equal distribution of inorganic (x̄ = 59 %) and organic (x̄ = 41 %) Ca species. The clay spectra were mostly best fitted with Ca adsorbed to illite-smectite (x̄ = 28 %), Ca adsorbed to montmorillonite (x̄ = 27 %), Ca tannate (x̄ = 20 %), and Ca citrate (x̄ =21 %), whereas calcium carbonate or Ca adsorbed to kaolinite did not contribute to the fits. Similar spectral features of Ca adsorbed to illite-smectite, montmorillonite, and beidellite, as well as Ca sorbed to kaolinite and calcium carbonate, could not unequivocally be distinguished from one another by XANES spectroscopy. Sequential extraction of soil Ca indicated that exchangeable Ca, the most labile and available fraction, constituted the largest Ca fraction, accounting for 62 % of total soil Ca. Other Ca fractions related to residues (x̄ = 15 %), organic matter (x̄ = 10 %), carbonates (x̄ = 8 %), and Fe/Mn oxides (x̄ = 3 %) contributed to a lesser extent. Our findings demonstrate that 2:1 clay minerals—rather than kaolinite as traditionally expected—along with Ca-tannate and Ca-citrate can serve as primary sources and sinks for Ca in tropical soil clays. The potential formation of the ternary complexes of Clay-Ca-OM remains unclear and requires further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":245,"journal":{"name":"Applied Clay Science","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 107912"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Montmorillonite modified with Fe3O4 and tannic acid for inhibition of S. aureus and MRSA biofilm formation","authors":"Seung-Cheol Jee ,&nbsp;Dong-hee Han ,&nbsp;Min Kim ,&nbsp;Kyung-Bin Bu ,&nbsp;Jung-Suk Sung ,&nbsp;Avinash A. Kadam","doi":"10.1016/j.clay.2025.107913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clay.2025.107913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study we introduce a novel nano-biocomposite, M-MM-TA, composed of clay montmorillonite (MM) modified with magnetic (M) Fe₃O₄ and tannic acid (TA), designed to combat <em>S. aureus</em>, MRSA, and their biofilm. Bacterial attachment and biofilm formation are significant challenges to public health, medicine, and the clinical industry. <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (<em>S. aureus</em>), a gram-positive pathogenic bacterium, is known to be the cause of infectious diseases in both humans and animals. Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA), a major cause of healthcare-associated infections, has emerged due to its resistance to antibiotics. Considering MRSA's resistance to antibiotics, it is essential to explore and characterize alternative antibacterial agents. Comprehensive characterization through SEM, SEM-EDS, TEM, TEM-EDS, XPS, XRD and VSM analyses confirmed the successful synthesis of M-MM-TA. To confirm the anti-bacterial effects of nanocomposite, we treated M-MM-TA on <em>S. aureus</em> and MRSA. Then we evaluated the anti-biofilm effect of M-MM-TA by using CV staining and live/dead assay. The results showed that M-MM-TA inhibits biofilm formation against <em>S. aureus</em> and MRSA. Additionally, SEM morphological analysis confirmed that M-MM-TA caused dissociation of the bacteria from biofilms. To confirm the mechanism of anti-biofilm effect, gene expression level was analyzed related to biofilm formation. The results showed that <em>icaA</em>, <em>B</em>, <em>C</em>, <em>D</em> genes are downregulated by the M-MM-TA. Overall, these results demonstrated that M-MM-TA has significant potential as an anti-bacterial agent and inhibits biofilm formation against <em>S. aureus</em> and MRSA. These findings suggest that M-MM-TA can be used in various biomedical applications to inhibit gram-positive bacterial infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":245,"journal":{"name":"Applied Clay Science","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 107913"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redox behavior of ferrocene-methanol encapsulated in hydrophobic nanotubes","authors":"Fadwa AlFadel Raad ,&nbsp;Pierre Picot ,&nbsp;Elodie Barruet ,&nbsp;Sophie Le Caër ,&nbsp;Delphine Schaming ,&nbsp;Lorette Sicard ,&nbsp;Antoine Thill","doi":"10.1016/j.clay.2025.107909","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clay.2025.107909","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The remarkable ability of hybrid imogolite nanotubes (Imo-CH₃) to efficiently encapsulate various small molecules coupled with their wall polarization, could make them potentially attractive for energy applications (battery, supercapacitor, photocatalysis…). To explore these potentialities, a first step is to understand the behavior of electroactive confined molecules inside the nanotube. Here, ferrocene methanol (FcMeOH) was encapsulated inside Imo-CH₃ of two different average lengths. The goal of this work is to assess whether the wall polarization has an influence on the redox behavior of the confined molecules. The adsorption isotherms of FcMeOH in the two types of nanotubes were determined. They exhibit an unusual S-shape, which is explained by the co-adsorption of FcMeOH and water followed by a wetting transition. The nanotubes can be loaded with up to 0.8 mmol·g⁻¹ (21 mAh·g⁻¹) of FcMeOH. An oxidation current from the encapsulated FcMeOH was measured in the case of the shorter nanotubes. However, electron transfer mechanisms are not affected by the wall polarization of the hybrid imogolite, implying that the electron transfer to the electrode probably occurs along the nanotube axis rather than by intra-wall tunneling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":245,"journal":{"name":"Applied Clay Science","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 107909"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-sealing capacity of boom clay affected by an alkaline plume: Evidences from high resolution X-ray computed tomography and hydraulic conductivity measurements","authors":"Miroslav Honty ,&nbsp;Lander Frederickx ,&nbsp;Ivan Josipović ,&nbsp;Matthieu N. Boone ,&nbsp;Pascale Senechal ,&nbsp;Stéphane Faucher ,&nbsp;Séverine Levasseur ,&nbsp;Xavier Sillen","doi":"10.1016/j.clay.2025.107911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clay.2025.107911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to evaluate the self-sealing capacity of the Boom Clay when perturbed by an alkaline plume, by investigating the long-term evolution of hydraulic conductivity and mineralogical changes in fractured Boom Clay upon interaction with highly alkaline solutions. In a first step, percolation experiments were conducted on undisturbed clay samples using Young Cement Water (YCW, pH of 13.5) and Evolved Cement Water (ECW, pH of 12.6), both parallel and perpendicular to bedding planes. Hydraulic conductivity (K) in these alkaline environments were estimated, confirming the previous studies, with higher horizontal than vertical hydraulic conductivity as a result of the natural anisotropy of the Boom Clay. In a second step, clay samples were fractured. All samples experienced a significant increase in K, followed by a progressive decrease, indicative of an efficient self-sealing. This self-sealing process was visualized using X-ray micro computed tomography and spectral micro computed tomography analysis.</div><div>In addition, mineralogical analyses, including specific surface area and pore size distributions from N₂-physisorption, (Quantitative) X-ray diffraction and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy analysis were conducted. They revealed partial dissolution of smectite in YCW environments but no significant mineral alteration in ECW-percolated samples. N₂-physisorption experiments of the post-mortem samples indicated decrease of the specific surface area and concomitant decrease in the microporosity in all studied cases. Though the decrease in the specific surface area and microporosity can be explained by partial dissolution of smectite in the YCW environment, the shift of the pore size distribution towards larger pores can be linked to relative density changes in the vicinity of the fractures and overall increase in hydraulic conductivity. The results confirmed that Boom Clay retains its self-sealing capacity, even after prolonged exposure to high-pH conditions. This study provides valuable insights into the hydro-mechanical and mineralogical response of Boom Clay, essential for assessing its long-term behaviour as a geological barrier.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":245,"journal":{"name":"Applied Clay Science","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 107911"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Swelling pressure of clayey geomaterials: A comprehensive analysis of experimental methods, numerical estimates and molecular dynamics simulations","authors":"Hamza Mhamdi Alaoui ,&nbsp;Chaofa Zhao ,&nbsp;Wenbo Niu ,&nbsp;Daojia Wu ,&nbsp;Pierre-Yves Hicher","doi":"10.1016/j.clay.2025.107881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clay.2025.107881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clay minerals are prevalent in clayey soils and rocks, where their swelling behavior upon chemo-thermo-hydro-mechanical forces is critical in geotechnical and geological engineering. Understanding swelling pressure is essential for accurately predicting swelling behavior. Numerous methods have been developed to estimate swelling pressure at different scales, though a comprehensive review comparing these methods is currently lacking. These methods generally fall into three categories: experimental techniques, numerical models, and molecular dynamics simulations. Experimental methods typically involve classical geotechnical tests, such as oedometer tests, conducted under varying loading conditions. Numerical models aim to simulate chemo-hydro-mechanical interactions, with particular emphasis on double-layer swelling. Recently, data-driven models have demonstrated high accuracy and good alignment with experimental findings. Molecular dynamics simulations provide insights into swelling behavior at the molecular scale, often correlating well with macroscale experimental results. This review summarizes these methods by detailing their key principles, recent advancements, challenges, and differences. It concludes with guidance on selecting the most suitable methodology for characterizing swelling pressure, tailored to the specific focus and requirements of each study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":245,"journal":{"name":"Applied Clay Science","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 107881"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144290838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}