{"title":"Ways of solution for healthcare development problems","authors":"Ирина Трикоз","doi":"10.14595/PES/03/010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14595/PES/03/010","url":null,"abstract":"In the article problems are certain braking development health protections and the complex of measures is offered on their decision.","PeriodicalId":243710,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Economic Sciences","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114172660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Philosophy of democracy and Principles of Democracy","authors":"J. Chovancová","doi":"10.14595/PES/03/002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14595/PES/03/002","url":null,"abstract":"As the title of suggests the article deals with the problems of democracy, its philosophy and also dominant principles. The author reflects interpretation of democracy on the society with their different understand. Democracy represents a form of government, a way of political life where these principles are put into practice. Democracy and its separate principles are expressed in the ultimate legal rules in the democratic countries. Principle of participation as a democratic principle rests with the fact that citizens have right to participate in state administration either directly or via their elected representatives. This principle also ensures that citizens participating in state administration enjoy equal basic rights and liberties and also guarantees that no person can be excluded from participation in state administration or from access to elected or other posts. Methodology: In the article I using method of analyze - I analyzing dominant problems of democracy-its principles in democratic countries. Another method is comparation- understanding democracy from historical aspect. And the end I also using method of synthesis-explanation democracy understand today.","PeriodicalId":243710,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Economic Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123791105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanizmy ustalania cen produktów na rynku farmaceutycznym","authors":"Klaudia Lucius, E. Simińska","doi":"10.14595/PES/02/023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14595/PES/02/023","url":null,"abstract":"The pharmaceutical market is characterized by the existence of state regulations restricting his freedom to market and is one of the fastest growing sectors of the economy all over the world. Factors that have a real impact on determining the price of drugs can be grouped into three categories: medical factors, economic factors, political and environmental factors. In the group of medical factors can be distinguished patent protection, the cost of producing the drug and the value of the drug. To economic factors, taking into account the aspect of market competitiveness of companies, include: the size of the producer, nature of the company - whether it is a research unit of the pharmaceutical company, return on investment – effectiveness of use of expenditure with the aim of achieving a profit (return on investment, ROI), profitability entity. The remaining group of factors (environmental, and political) relate mainly to national regulations. They are connected with among others the registration system of marketing authorization, whether a reimbursement system that determines whether and how drugs are financed from public funds. Membership in the European Union forces on all Member States to make reimbursement decisions by the so-called Transparency Directive. It is connected with the obligation to justify decisions, and calling upon objective reasons. Medical Technology Assessment Agency formulating recommendations take into account factors i.e. a therapeutic, benefits for the patients, cost-effectiveness, impact on the budget.","PeriodicalId":243710,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Economic Sciences","volume":"27 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116520822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ekonomiczne zmiany w przemyśle spożywczym w XXI wieku","authors":"Chrystian Firlej","doi":"10.14595/PES/02/022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14595/PES/02/022","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to present how Polish food industry was changing before the accession to the European Union and during that accession. The chances and threats to the food industry are presented as well as its strong and weak points. The research carried out on the condition of Polish food industry shows its prospering condition before the accession and during the first years of the membership in the European Union. Modernization of the food-processing plants and increase of the quality of products contributed to the growth of export of food to the markets of the other European Union countries and the confidence of the citizens from these countries to our products. The European Union subsidies aimed at modernization of the food-processing plants in farm and food sector resulted in a lot of positive effects. Polish entrepreneurs can compete with the entrepreneurs from the EU countries in farm and food sector. The analytical-descriptive method is used in this article.","PeriodicalId":243710,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Economic Sciences","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116161673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of transnational corporations in the world: opportunities and threats","authors":"A. Nicula, A. Nicula","doi":"10.14595/PES/02/020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14595/PES/02/020","url":null,"abstract":"Transnational corporations (TNCs) are incorporated or unincorporated enterprises comprising parent enterprises and their foreign affiliates. Transnational Corporations exert a great deal of power in the globalized world economy. Many corporations are richer and more powerful than the states that seek to regulate them. Through mergers and acquisitions corporations have been growing very rapidly and some of the largest TNCs now have annual profits exceeding the GDPs of many low and medium income countries. TNCs dominate the global economy and exert their influence over global policymaking. Worldwide companies start the trend in many domains having a big range of competitors. Trade is an important development tool. Trade between developing and industrialized countries has expanded and borrowing from rich countries to the poor areas of this world increased. The links between these differing groups of economies intensified subsequently and made these two groups increasingly dependent from each other. TNCs based their activity around this idea.In this paper, we try to emphasize the role of the TNCs in the worldwide economy, the advantages and disadvantages these corporations bring to the countries they activate in and even to the entire world and what effect they have on globalization. Some opportunities and threats of TNS activity are presented, exemplifying through some well known corporations which succeded in this competitive world. The authors wanted in this way to show the positive and negative aspects of their performance and give the reader the opportunity to develop the own opinion.","PeriodicalId":243710,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Economic Sciences","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125223404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Leasing jako nowoczesna forma finansowania działalności gospodarczej","authors":"Alexandra Bolea, Roxana Cosma","doi":"10.14595/PES/02/021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14595/PES/02/021","url":null,"abstract":"A lease agreement is a contract between two parties, the lessor and the lessee. The lessor is the legal owner of the asset, the lessee obtains the right to use the asset in return for rental payments. A lease exists when a customer controls the right to use an identified item, which is when the customer has exclusive use of the item for a period of time and can decide how to use it. Although the first agreement of leasing appeared already in antiquity, the real boom of this form financing the economic activity occurred in the twentieth century. Leasing is currently one of the most common, alternative in relation to credit and loans, forms of obtaining external sources of corporate financing. The aim of the article is to present the idea of leasing agreements, its elements and types, as well as to characterize the development of the leasing market on a global scale. Publication is a review and synthesis of available theories and ideas on leasing with the elements of deductive reasoning. Authors used English-language literature and websites.","PeriodicalId":243710,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Economic Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134231822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Przyszłość sektora rolno – spożywczego w Polsce w odniesieniu do stanu obecnego","authors":"M. Kiełbasa","doi":"10.14595/PES/02/016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14595/PES/02/016","url":null,"abstract":"This study attempts to characterize the current situation and future prospects regarding the agricultural and food sector in Poland. Issues such as the state of Polish agriculture, its development opportunities, the food industry, or the vision of development of the sector in future years have been assessed. The study attempts to define the essence of agricultural and food sector and its importance in the national economy. The paper presents a SWOT analysis of Polish agriculture, as well as conclusions and opinions expressed on its basis. It was found that the state of agriculture is improving, but we must eliminate a number of problems that it faces, as well as enjoy numerous opportunities for development, which are in particular financial resources in the European Union. There has also been a thorough analysis of the companies operating in the food industry, its competitive factors as well as areas for improvement. Future directions of agriculture development have also been defined from a perspective point of view. The forecasts are favourable and include mainly new, global directions for Polish food export, and thus the occurrence of new markets.","PeriodicalId":243710,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Economic Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122533797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wpływ zmian restrukturyzacyjnych na rozwój sektora rolno - spożywczego w Polsce","authors":"Elżbieta Gliwa","doi":"10.14595/PES/02/017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14595/PES/02/017","url":null,"abstract":"The agri-food sector over the years there have been significant changes. In Poland, the agri-food sector began to grow in the 80s. Positive changes occurred after the Polish accession to the European Union. Enterprises have been upgraded, thanks to EU subsidies. It opened markets beyond the borders of our country for farmers. The results of the food industry indicates that Polish food sector is relatively immune to the crisis phenomena. Decide on the growing domestic market. Therefore, this article attempts to assess the role of structural changes in the long-term development of the agri-food sector. Presents the changes from the 80s, then after Polish accession to the European Union.","PeriodicalId":243710,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Economic Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129527759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wpływ sytuacji majątkowej szpitali na realizację projektów fi-nansowanych z funduszy strukturalnych Unii Europejskiej","authors":"Aleksandra Łęga","doi":"10.14595/PES/02/019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14595/PES/02/019","url":null,"abstract":"The European Union gives many opportunities for development to member countries, including raising founds for its funds. This money could be sought in many sectors of the economy. One of them is health care. The goal of this study is to assess the impact of the financial situation of hospitals in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian for projects financed by the Structural Funds European Union (EU) in programming period 2007-2013. The money from the European Regional Development Fund and European Social Fund provided an opportunity to introduce the latest technology and equipment in medical entities, as well as allowed skilled in the art. Of medicine to acquire knowledge and skills to develop their potential. The paper discusses issues related to the possibilities of support by EU funding to health care. Based on the data contained in the financial statements of an analysis of data from the balance sheet, characterized projects in hospitals as part of financing from the EU and the influence of the material in the therapeutic entities for their implementation through the analyses of correlation. The possibility of providing health services requires appropriate regulations in law, system and organization. This is necessary in order to achieve the main goal of any entity that is take care of the welfare of the patient. Health and its protection is the highest value for the individual and for society, so Poland and the European Union is committed to the protection of the priority objective through enhanced organizational and legal actions and investments in the health sector.","PeriodicalId":243710,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Economic Sciences","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123757445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regulacje organizacyjne i prawne warunkujące funkcjonowanie przedsiębiorstw przemysłu rolno-spożywczego w Polsce","authors":"A. Owsiak","doi":"10.14595/PES/02/018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14595/PES/02/018","url":null,"abstract":"Polish accession to the European Union had a significant impact on the functioning of the agri-food sector companies. Single European Market has become a chance for Polish farmers, manufacturers and retailers, and provide opportunities of acquiring new business partners, and therefore allow expansion of markets. The entrance of our country to a free trade zone abolished trade barriers, technical or physical allowing free movement of goods between Member Community. Moreover, membership in the European Union significantly accelerated the process of modernization and restructuring of the food and agriculture sector directly related to the provision of food safety. Therefore, this article attempts to assess the impact of the national and EU legislation on the functioning of Polish food and agriculture sector entities. Presents the basic legal requirements and organizational force in national food law in the pre-accession period and the changes that have occurred as a result of Polish accession to the European Union.","PeriodicalId":243710,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Economic Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130627589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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