Making ChangePub Date : 2019-01-18DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0005
Tina P. Kruse
{"title":"Focal Case Examples","authors":"Tina P. Kruse","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"This part of the book of the book introduces the text's two focal case examples which are examined after each section. Case 1 is about the SOUL Sisters Leadership Collective (SSLC). The primary purpose of SOUL Sisters is social change in the lives of their targeted community, which is system-involved girls and women of color. Case 2 is focused on Cookie Cart, which teaches youth social entrepreneurship. There is a short summary of each organization at the end of this first examination of the case examples.","PeriodicalId":241898,"journal":{"name":"Making Change","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127799544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Making ChangePub Date : 2019-01-18DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0018
Tina P. Kruse
{"title":"The Global Context for Youth Social Entrepreneurship","authors":"Tina P. Kruse","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0018","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter engages a more inclusive view of youth social entrepreneurship because it explores the practices of youth-focused social entrepreneurship outside of the United States. This chapter situates the youth social entrepreneurship model within the informal economy that has existed in every geographic context across human history. Then the chapter embarks on descriptions of sample organizations in countries other than the United States that aim to promote social entrepreneurship. These examples are categorized by region and differentiated by whether they exist within developed or developing countries. Last, the chapter identifies examples of international efforts that cross borders to promote social entrepreneurship among youth.","PeriodicalId":241898,"journal":{"name":"Making Change","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127059231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Making ChangePub Date : 2019-01-18DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190849795.003.0003
Tina P. Kruse
{"title":"The Problem in Youth Social Entrepreneurship","authors":"Tina P. Kruse","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190849795.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190849795.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter outlines central concerns to the book’s proposed model. This chapter highlights the lack of a clear definition and a common language to drive youth social entrepreneurship’s implementation and collaboration among stakeholders. It includes a review of original research into existing youth programs to suggest a typology within the youth social entrepreneurship field. Many example programs are described to help illustrate the suggested typology. Last, this chapter discusses the significant challenges to the measurement of youth social entrepreneurship’s impact and the noted necessity to identify evidence to move the field forward. Of particular note, the location-specificity for youth program effectiveness contributes to a lack of generalizability, an issue that needs to be resolved for measuring social impact of targeted practices.","PeriodicalId":241898,"journal":{"name":"Making Change","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123023909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Making ChangePub Date : 2019-01-18DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0004
Tina P. Kruse
{"title":"The Potential of Youth Social Entrepreneurship","authors":"Tina P. Kruse","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter summarizes significant examples of anecdotal yet powerful findings that have been documented within this field. It reviews existing empirical studies in related areas of study that can lead to an initial understanding of youth social entrepreneurship as a model for positive youth development. Specifically, empirical studies in the area of youth entrepreneurial intent, tendencies, and environments are described. Another model of youth and community development that may offer a recognizable indication to scholars is Youth Participatory Action Research. Examples of this related research are also included in this chapter. Furthermore, research is included in the areas of youth activism and youth leadership because they are suspected to be significantly related to youth social entrepreneurship.","PeriodicalId":241898,"journal":{"name":"Making Change","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114535267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Making ChangePub Date : 2019-01-18DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0010
Tina P. Kruse
{"title":"The Social Opportunity Gap","authors":"Tina P. Kruse","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0010","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter reviews principles and examples of social capital, as well as linking the theory into the model of youth social entrepreneurship. Like other forms of capital, an unequal distribution of social capital is associated with other gaps and with reduced chances for change in the future. In fact, social capital is tied closely to social mobility, the central American belief that one’s birth status is not a predetermination of wealth. Not only is there a yawning gap in the social capital of youth from high-income versus low-income households in America, but low-income youth of color also are disproportionately less likely to be able to participate in upward social mobility. This chapter connects social capital, collective hope, and youth social entrepreneurship.","PeriodicalId":241898,"journal":{"name":"Making Change","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133150683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Making ChangePub Date : 2019-01-18DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0006
Tina P. Kruse
{"title":"Youth Social Entrepreneurship as Youth Development for All Youth","authors":"Tina P. Kruse","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter reviews the universal elements of positive youth development; that is, explicating the basic foundations of healthy development that are important for all youth, regardless of context or background. Developmental psychology serves as a primary source for the perspectives presented here. Among the key components of this discussion are the principles of the field, a review of relational development theory, and an overview of adolescent brain development. Specific frameworks are included, such as the Five C’s of youth development, social-emotional learning (SEL), and youth interests (sparks). While all of these components are influenced by the broader contexts and environments of the youth, the set of ideas included in this chapter applies to a somewhat decontextualized form of youth development theory as applied to the promise of youth social entrepreneurship.","PeriodicalId":241898,"journal":{"name":"Making Change","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128098025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Making ChangePub Date : 2019-01-18DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0011
Tina P. Kruse
{"title":"Addressing Systems of Power and Oppression","authors":"Tina P. Kruse","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0011","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter offers a primer of key concepts and applications in social justice work. It traces the practices of critical pedagogy, the processes of critical consciousness toward social change, and the healing potential of collectivism, hope, and caring. Examples of youth social entrepreneurship demonstrate such practices in varying degrees and are discussed within the chapter. Key concepts in this chapter include methods for empowering young people to identify the uneven social order and to recognize power hierarchies as socially constructed. Relatedly, the chapter looks at the needed social healing and trauma-informed practices for harm due to gaps in access to education, employment, and opportunity.","PeriodicalId":241898,"journal":{"name":"Making Change","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130203657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Making ChangePub Date : 2019-01-18DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190849795.003.0001
Tina P. Kruse
{"title":"Social Entrepreneurship","authors":"Tina P. Kruse","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190849795.003.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190849795.003.0001","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides a short history of social entrepreneurship in order to frame up a discussion of youth-centered social entrepreneurship. The chapter explores the basic concepts and foundational elements of social entrepreneurship as a whole before differentiating it with youth social entrepreneurship. It includes a description of early movements of social entrepreneurship and social enterprise. The reader who is new to the field of social entrepreneurship will find this chapter to be an appropriate introduction, while readers who are more experienced in this area will find it to be a review that shapes the explorations of youth social entrepreneurship to come.","PeriodicalId":241898,"journal":{"name":"Making Change","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129181576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Making ChangePub Date : 2019-01-18DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0002
Tina P. Kruse
{"title":"The Asset-Focus of Youth Social Entrepreneurship","authors":"Tina P. Kruse","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores the “asset-based” frameworks in both positive youth development and community. This chapter also orients the reader to the link between youth social entrepreneurship’s grounding in the central theme of positive psychology: human flourishing. Instead of focusing on the incremental steps toward getting any job at all, the emphasis is on youth capacity for creating a positive career trajectory, supported by exposure to a breadth of opportunity instead of a narrow pipeline. To accomplish meaningful and authentic positivity, the cultural reality of each young person and each community must be included in the experience of development. Therefore, a review of culturally relevant pedagogies and the need for valuing cultural funds of knowledge is included. All together, the asset-focused, culturally relevant practices can foster youth leadership with social entrepreneurship that paves a road toward thriving.","PeriodicalId":241898,"journal":{"name":"Making Change","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128351222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Making ChangePub Date : 2019-01-18DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0015
Tina P. Kruse
{"title":"Creating and Scaling Youth Social Entrepreneurship Programs","authors":"Tina P. Kruse","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190849795.003.0015","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter offers a primer for starting and sustaining a youth-focused social entrepreneurship program. To this end, an overview of types of small businesses and social enterprises is included, along with conceptual resources for any venture. Terminology is introduced in this chapter to help the novice reader, including terms such as “cottage industry,” “micro-business,” “market analysis,” and “enterprise development phases.” Furthermore, this chapter explores the limits and potential of growth for youth social entrepreneurship initiatives. Whether or not and how to “scale up” is a foremost concern for nonprofit and for-profit social enterprises. The readers will find here a discussion of perspectives and considerations to help drive forward such an essential programmatic decision.","PeriodicalId":241898,"journal":{"name":"Making Change","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130155597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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