Sains Insani最新文献

{"title":"Kaedah Terapi Muzik di Hospital (Darüşşifa) Era Kerajaan Seljuk Pada Abad ke-12M sehingga Abad ke-14M","authors":"Siti Nur Adilah Awang, Ermy Azziaty Rozali, Roziah Sidik @ Mat Sidek","doi":"10.33102/sainsinsani.vol7no2.403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33102/sainsinsani.vol7no2.403","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak: Hospital (darüşşifa) merupakan antara institusi sosial terawal yang dibangunkan oleh kerajaan Seljuk bagi menyediakan khidmat perubatan kepada masyarakat awam di Anatolia. Menariknya, darüşşifa dalam kerajaan Seljuk turut menggunakan terapi muzik sebagai salah satu kaedah bagi rawatan penyakit mental. Justeru, kajian ini dijalankan bagi mengenal pasti institusi darüşşifa dalam kerajaan Seljuk di Anatolia yang menawarkan rawatan terapi muzik sekaligus mengkaji kaedah pelaksanaan rawatan tersebut. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dengan pendekatan reka bentuk kajian sejarah dan analisis kandungan berpandukan pelbagai sumber berautoriti dan seterusnya dianalisis menggunakan kaedah analisis teks serta deduktif. Dapatan kajian ini jelas menunjukkan bahawa terdapat sekurang-kurangnya 25 buah institusi darüşşifa yang dibina di Anatolia. Daripada jumlah tersebut, hanya tiga darüşşifa sahaja yang menawarkan rawatan menggunakan terapi muzik iaitu Gevher Nesibe Darüşşifa (1205-1206M) di Kayseri, Divriği Ulu Mosque and Darüşşifa  di Sivas (1228-1229M) dan Amber ibn Abdullah Darüşşifa di Amasya (1308-1309M). Manakala kaedah terapi muzik yang dikenal pasti digunakan adalah melalui persembahan oleh sekumpulan pemuzik, bunyi air dari kolam air pancut serta inovasi sistem akustik yang dibina pada struktur bangunan hospital. Kaedah rawatan penyakit mental melalui terapi muzik yang dibangunkan oleh kerajaan Seljuk tidak hanya berakhir pada awal abad-14M malahan kesinambungan kaedah tersebut turut dapat dilihat pada era seterusnya iaitu dalam kerajaan Uthmaniyyah.\u0000 \u0000Abstract: Darüşşifa (hospital) is one of the earliest social institutions developed by the Seljuk Empire to provide medical services to the public in Anatolia. Interestingly, darüşşifa in the Seljuk Empire also used music therapy as one of the methods for the treatment of mental illness. Thus, this study was conducted to identify the Seljuk darüşşifa in Anatolia that offering the treatment of music therapy as well as analyzes the methods of implementing the treatment. This study uses a qualitative methodological approach by using historical research design and content analysis based on various authoritative sources and later analyzed using thematic analysis of text method and deductive approach. The findings of this study clearly show that there are at least 25 darüşşifas institutions built in Anatolia. Only three darüşşifa offer treatment using music therapy, namely Gevher Nesibe Darüşşifa (1205-1206M) in Kayseri, Divriği Ulu Mosque and Darüşşifa in Sivas (1228-1229M) and Amber Ibn Abdullah Darüşşifa in Amasya (1308-1309M). While the identified music therapy methods used was through the performances by a group of musicians, the flow of water from fountains as well as the innovation of acoustic systems built on the structure of hospital buildings. The method of treatment of mental illness through music therapy developed by the Seljuk Empire not only ended in the early 14th century but th","PeriodicalId":241798,"journal":{"name":"Sains Insani","volume":"202 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116402631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pelaksanaan Homestay Patuh Syariah dalam Aspek Reka Bentuk dan Ruang Persekitaran Kemudahan Penginapan Mesra Muslim di Sabah","authors":"Norcikeyonn Samuni, Suhailah Abdul Muin, Mohd Nor Azan Abdullah","doi":"10.33102/sainsinsani.vol7no2.490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33102/sainsinsani.vol7no2.490","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak: Kementerian Pelancongan, Kesenian dan Kebudayaan (MOTAC) turut memperkenalkan banyak inisiatif baru untuk memajukan pelancongan Islam di Malaysia, termasuk memperkenalkan program Pengiktirafan Penginapan Mesra Muslim (MFAR). Tinjauan terhadap reka bentuk ruang persekitaran dalam perkhidmatan homestay telah dilaksanakan dalam satu siri kajian rintis bagi memenuhi keperluan dan kehendak penginap muslim dalam usaha memberi pengiktirafan kepada para pengusaha penginapan mesra muslim di Malaysia khususnya di Sabah. Objektif kertas kerja ini adalah untuk meninjau ciri-ciri pengaplikasian homestay patuh syariah dalam aspek reka bentuk dan ruang persekitaran meliputi bilik dan juga ruangan bangunan homestay. Selain itu, beberapa cadangan inovasi idea ciri-ciri tambahan yang perlu diaplikasikan dalam aspek reka bentuk dan ruang persekitaran berdasarkan kepada tinjauan indikator yang diteliti dalam kajian rintis. Reka bentuk kajian bersifat kualitatif dan kuantitatif yang menggunakan tiga metod utama iaitu pemerhatian, temubual mendalam dan juga senarai semak (soal selidik). Kajian ini bersifat antarabangsa dengan adanya kolaborasi daripada rakan penyelidik daripada negara Brunei Darussalam dan Indonesia. Proses kutipan data lapangan bagi kajian ini melibatkan 30 buah homestay di tiga kawasan tumpuan pelancong di Sabah iaitu sekitar Kota Kinabalu, Kundasang dan Semporna, Sabah. Sebanyak 13 indikator yang melibatkan ciri-ciri penginapan patuh syariah di dalam aspek reka bentuk dan ruang persekitaran yang telah diteliti. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa 5 indikator sahaja yang sesuai digunakan dalam tinjauan bagi kajian ini disebabkan oleh ciri-ciri lainnya tidak menepati kapasiti homestay yang hanya bersifat milikan tunggal dan tidak bertaraf hotel. Melalui tinjauan yang dilaksanakan oleh pengkaji, terdapat beberapa inovasi idea baru dicadangkan seperti penyediaan ruang berwuduk, ruang solat, jumlah bilik tidur dan tempat penyimpanan kasut atau selipar dalam susun atur pelan lantai kemudahan penginapan yang ditawarkan oleh para pengusaha homestay di Sabah.\u0000 \u0000Abstract: The Ministry of Tourism, Arts, and Culture (MOTAC) also introduced many new initiatives to promote Islamic tourism in Malaysia, including introducing the Muslim Friendly Accommodation Recognition (MFAR) program. A survey of the design of the environment in homestay services has been carried out in a series of pilot studies to meet the needs and wishes of Muslim lodgers to give recognition to Muslim-friendly accommodation operators in Malaysia, especially in Sabah. The objective of this paper is to review the characteristics of the application of sharia-compliant homestays in terms of design and environmental space including rooms and homestay buildings. In addition, some suggestions for innovative ideas for additional features that need to be applied in terms of design and environmental space are based on a survey of indicators examined in the pilot study. The research design is qualitat","PeriodicalId":241798,"journal":{"name":"Sains Insani","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117132434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perbahasan Hukum Percampuran Manusia-Haiwan: Satu Analisis Tematik dalam Mazhab Shafie","authors":"Muhammad Faiq Mohd Zailani, M. Hamdan, A. N. Mohd Yusof, Nur Najwa Hanani Abdul Rahman","doi":"10.33102/sainsinsani.vol7no2.500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33102/sainsinsani.vol7no2.500","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak: Percampuran manusia-haiwan telah lama dilakukan oleh saintis untuk dijadikan model kajian penyakit, ujian ubat, organ alternatif dalam rawatan pemindahan organ dan lain-lain. Percampuran manusia-haiwan yang paling menimbulkan kontroversi adalah dengan menyuntik sel manusia ke dalam otak haiwan kerana ia boleh menimbulkan isu etika yang melibatkan penambahbaikan kognitif haiwan tersebut. Tambahan lagi, haiwan yang mengalami penambahbaikan kognitif boleh mengelirukan status moralnya kerana ia boleh mencapai tahap kognitif manusia. Selain itu, ketiadaan status moral khusus terhadap manusia-haiwan ini menambahkan kebimbangan ahli bioetika dan falsafah dalam mendepani hidupan ini. Dalam perspektif Islam, perkara ini boleh mempengaruhi hukum Islam ke atasnya sekiranya haiwan tersebut boleh menyerupai manusia sama ada fizikal atau kognitif kerana hidupan ini bukan lagi manusia mahupun haiwan semata-mata. Justeru, kajian ini dijalankan untuk menganalisis secara tematik perbincangan para fuqaha klasik terhadap isu ini sama ada secara langsung atau konsep sahaja. Kalimah mutawalid, aadami dan kalbun dipilih sebagai kata kunci, tema dibentuk untuk memberi kefahaman mengenai bagaimana Islam meletakkan hukum terhadap haiwan yang menyerupai manusia, seterusnya dapat digunakan untuk membantu dalam penentuan hukum percampuran manusia-haiwan dalam sains bioperubatan. Hasil kajian mendapati beberapa perbahasan fiqh telah membahaskan hukum suci, ibadat, sembelih dan makan, pernikahan, wilayah, mawarith dan wasiat manusia-haiwan dalam Mazhab Syafie. Selain itu, wujud perbezaan hukum-hakam yang melibatkan perbezaan bentuk percampuran dan lain-lain yang melibatkan manusia-haiwan.\u0000 \u0000Abstract: Human-animal mixture has long been done by scientists to be used as a model for disease studies, drug tests, alternative organs in organ transplant treatment and others. The most controversial human-animal mixture is mixing human cells into animal brains because it can raise ethical issues involving the cognitive enhancement of the animal. Furthermore, animals that experience cognitive enhancement can confuse their moral status because they can reach the cognitive level of humans. In addition, the absence of a specific moral status towards these animals increases the concern of bioethicists and philosophers in dealing with these beings. From an Islamic perspective, this matter can affect Islamic law if the animal can resemble humans physically or cognitively because they are neither human nor animal anymore. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyse thematically the discussions of classical jurists on this issue either directly or conceptually. The words mutawalid, aadami and kalbun were chosen as keywords, the theme was formed to give an understanding of how Islam lays down laws against animals that resemble humans, which can then be used to help in determining the law of human-animal mixing in biomedical science. The results of the study found several Islamic rule ","PeriodicalId":241798,"journal":{"name":"Sains Insani","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124286950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asnaf Care: Satu Strategi Dana Tambahan Lembaga Zakat Negeri Kedah (Lznk) Ketika Pandemik Covid 19","authors":"Mohamad Khadafi Hj Rofie, Norazita Marina ABD AZIZ, Syahrina Abdullah","doi":"10.33102/sainsinsani.vol7no2.466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33102/sainsinsani.vol7no2.466","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak: Lembaga Zakat Negeri Kedah (LZNK) telah memainkan peranan yang efektif dan efisien dalam memberikan bantuan kepada asnaf terutama ketika pandemik COVID 19. Asnaf Care merupakan satu strategi yang digunakan oleh pihak LZNK untuk mengumpul dan mengagihkan sumbangan kepada golongan yang memerlukan. Apabila COVID 19 melanda negara, maka berlaku penambahan dari aspek bantuan tetapi kutipan berada pada kedudukan yang masih berkurangan. Maka, pihak LZNK telah mengambil inisiatif mewujudkan tabung Asnaf Care untuk membantu asnaf ketika COVID 19. Objektif kertas kerja ini untuk melihat sejauh mana dana Asnaf Care memainkan peranan dalam mengumpul dana dan mengagihkan kepada golongan asnaf di negeri Kedah. Bagi mendapatkan data daripada kajian ini, kaedah temu bual dengan pihak LZNK telah dilaksanakan. Temu bual ini dijalankan kepada dua orang pegawai LZNK yang mengurus tabung Asnaf Care ini. Hasil dapatan menunjukkan bahawa pihak LZNK telah berjaya mengutip dana tambahan dan dapat menyalurkan bantuan tambahan kepada golongan asnaf dan ahli masyarakat yang memerlukan ketika pandemik COVID 19. LZNK telah menggunakan strategi kutipan dana secara atas talian kepada golongan asnaf. LZNK telah menggunakan strategi kutipan dana kepada masyarakat awam secara atas talian untuk memberi kemudahan dalam menyampaikan bantuan kepada asnaf   Justeru strategi yang diguna pakai oleh pihak LZNK dalam membantu golongan yang memerlukan ini berpotensi untuk diketengahkan kepada mana-mana institusi yang menjalankan aktiviti bantuan kepada ahli masyarakat yang memerlukan.\u0000 \u0000Abstract: The Kedah State Zakat Board (LZNK) has been extremely effective and efficient in assisting asnaf, particularly during the COVID 19 pandemic. LZNK's Asnaf Care approach collects and distributes donations to the poor. When COVID 19 hit the country, there was an uptick in aid, but collection was still dropping. As a result, LZNK has taken the initiative to establish an Asnaf Care fund to assist asnaf during COVID 19. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which the Asnaf Care Fund collects and distributes funds to the asnaf community in the state of Kedah. An interview method with LZNK was used to collect data for this investigation. The following interview was done with two LZNK personnel in charge of the Asnaf Care fund. The findings suggest that LZNK was successful in raising more funds and channelling them to the asnaf organisation and members of the community in need during the COVID 19 outbreak. For the asnaf group, LZNK adopted an internet fundraising technique. To expedite the supply of support to asnaf, LZNK has employed an internet fundraising technique for the general public. As a result, the technique employed by LZNK in assisting the poor has the potential to be emphasised to any institution that provides support to members of the community in need.","PeriodicalId":241798,"journal":{"name":"Sains Insani","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127525719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perubahan dan Sinkretisme dalam Amalan Sogit Tanah Masyarakat Dusun Islam Ranau Sabah: Perspektif Islam","authors":"Mohammad Firdaus Hasmin, Syamsul Azizul Marinsah, Suraya Sintang","doi":"10.33102/sainsinsani.vol7no2.405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33102/sainsinsani.vol7no2.405","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak: Masyarakat Dusun merupakan kaum peribumi yang majoriti di negeri Sabah. Kepercayaan asal masyarakat ini adalah pagan yang dipengaruhi oleh unsur-unsur animisme. Namun, sejak kedatangan agama Islam di negeri Sabah bermula sekitar abad ke-15 Masihi, secara perlahan-lahan, sedikit sebanyak masyarakat Dusun mula beralih kepada agama Islam. Di Sabah, penempatan utama masyarakat Dusun adalah di daerah Ranau. Daerah Ranau terbahagi kepada tiga Dewan Undangan Negeri (DUN) iaitu DUN Kundasang, DUN Karanaan dan DUN Paginatan. Berdasarkan kepada ketiga-tiga DUN tersebut, penempatan masyarakat Dusun yang beragama Islam adalah tertumpu di DUN Kundasang. Kebudayaan masyarakat Dusun Islam pula, dihiasi dengan pelbagai ciri khazanah warisan silam daripada datuk nenek moyang mereka sama ada dalam budaya yang berbentuk material mahupun bukan material. Dengan itu, kajian memfokuskan dua objektif utama, pertama, menjelaskan perubahan  yang berlaku dalam amalan sogit tanah (budaya bukan material) sebelum dan selepas masyarakat Dusun telah memeluk agama Islam. Kedua, membincangkan unsur-unsur  sinkretisme yang wujud dalam amalan sogit tanah di antara ajaran pra-Islam dengan Islam, di samping membuat penilaian daripada perspektif hukum Islam. Justeru, kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berlandaskan kaedah observasi, temubual, dan analisis dokumen. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa amalan sogit tanah yang diamalkan oleh masyarakat Dusun Islam di daerah Ranau telah banyak berlaku perubahan sebelum dan selepas kedatangan agama Islam. Rentetan itu, wujud unsur sinkretisme antara ajaran Islam dan pra-Islam yang tidak boleh diamalkan.\u0000 \u0000Abstract: The Dusun community is the majority indigenous people in Sabah. The original beliefs of this society were pagan, influenced by elements of animism. However, since the advent of Islam in the state of Sabah began around the 15th century AD, some of the Dusun community slowly began to convert to Islam. In Sabah, the main settlement of the Dusun community is in the Ranau district. Ranau District is divided into three State Legislative Assemblies (DUN), namely DUN Kundasang, DUN Karanaan, and DUN Paginatan. Based on the three DUNs, the settlement of the Muslim Dusun community is concentrated in the Kundasang DUN. The culture of the Dusun Islam community, on the other hand, is decorated with various features of the past heritage treasures of their ancestors, whether in material or non-material culture. Thus, the study focuses on two main objectives; first, to explain the changes in the practice of sogit tanah (non-material culture) before and after the Dusun community had embraced Islam. Second, discuss the elements of syncretism inherent in the practice of sogit land between pre-Islamic teachings and Islam and assess from the perspective of Islamic law. Thus, this study uses a qualitative approach based on observation methods, interviews, and document analysis. The results of the study found that the practice of land sogit","PeriodicalId":241798,"journal":{"name":"Sains Insani","volume":"7 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113960206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Integration of Exoteric and Esoteric: Towards a More Holistic Islamic Practice","authors":"Arfah Ab. Majid","doi":"10.33102/sainsinsani.vol7no2.430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33102/sainsinsani.vol7no2.430","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: In recent years, Malaysian Muslims seem to have experienced an upsurge in religious awareness and practices.  The increasing religious trends could be seen from the mode of dressing especially among the Muslim women such as the wearing of hijab and niqab; the use of Arabic words to replace the Malay words in daily conversation and greeting such as solat to replace sembahyang, iftar to replace buka puasa and Eid Mubarak to replace Selamat Hari Raya and the mushrooming of religious programs and events such as World #QuranHour and Malam Cinta Rasul.  Unfortunately, despite these inspiring Islamic awareness and practices, issues related to morality, crimes, discrimination, corruption and other unethical conducts associated with the Muslims are also on the rise.  This is due to the fact that what seems to have increased are only the exoteric dimension of the religion i.e. the exterior rules, regulations and visible practices, not the esoteric part i.e. the interiority and the spirituality.  This paper aims at exploring the phenomenon of the pervasiveness of the exoteric aspect of religion compared to the esoteric aspect and assessing the consequences of the imbalance between these two dimensions.  The expression of exoteric dimensions solely without the cultivation of the esoteric part has rendered bad impression and misinterpretation of the true Islamic teaching.   A holistic Islamic practice that encompasses both exoteric and esoteric dimensions is essential for producing the best ummah.\u0000 \u0000Abstrak: Dalam beberapa tahun kebelakangan ini, umat Islam Malaysia nampaknya telah mengalami peningkatan dalam kesedaran dan amalan agama. Tren keagamaan yang semakin meningkat dapat dilihat daripada cara berpakaian khususnya di kalangan wanita Islam seperti pemakaian tudung dan niqab; penggunaan perkataan Arab bagi menggantikan perkataan Melayu dalam percakapan dan sapaan harian seperti solat menggantikan sembahyang, iftar menggantikan berbuka puasa dan Eid Mubarak menggantikan Selamat Hari Raya serta peningkatan program dan acara keagamaan seperti World #QuranHour dan Malam Cinta Rasul. Malangnya, di sebalik kesedaran dan amalan Islam yang memberi inspirasi ini, isu-isu berkaitan moral, jenayah, diskriminasi, rasuah dan kelakuan tidak beretika lain yang dikaitkan dengan umat Islam juga semakin meningkat. Ini disebabkan oleh hakikat bahawa apa yang kelihatan meningkat hanyalah dimensi eksoterik agama iaitu peraturan luaran, undang-undang dan amalan yang boleh dilihat, bukan bahagian esoterik iaitu dalaman dan kerohanian. Kertas kerja ini bertujuan untuk meneroka fenomena keluasan aspek eksoterik agama berbanding aspek esoterik dan menilai akibat ketidakseimbangan antara kedua-dua dimensi ini. Ekspresi dimensi eksoterik semata-mata tanpa penyemaian dimensi esoterik telah memberikan tanggapan buruk dan salah tafsiran terhadap ajaran Islam yang sebenar. Amalan Islam holistik yang merangkumi kedua-dua dimensi eksoterik dan esoterik adalah penting untuk mel","PeriodicalId":241798,"journal":{"name":"Sains Insani","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114953751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ensuring Peaceful Co-Existence in Malaysia Based on Federal Constitution’s Human Rights Approaches: An Analysis","authors":"N. Ahmad","doi":"10.33102/sainsinsani.vol7no2.437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33102/sainsinsani.vol7no2.437","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Malaysia is a diverse country with many different ethnicities, religions, cultures, and languages. Due to these differences, religious and racial sentiments can easily be fanned and sensationalised by irresponsible parties to achieve their agenda. As such, ensuring unity and maintaining peaceful co-existence of its 32 million population poses a great challenge to the Malaysian Government. This article aims to analyse the human rights principles laid down in the Federal Constitution of Malaysia as the formula to maintain public order and peaceful co-existence in Malaysia. This article uses qualitative method by referring to various documents namely the Federal Constitution, journal articles, books and decided cases. The preliminary part of this article focuses on the overview of Malaysia’s demography and the importance of peaceful co-existence of its population. Accordingly, this article will discuss the key human rights principles provided in the Constitution, followed by an analysis on selected cases to see how the Constitution has played significant roles in guaranteeing peaceful co-existence. Finally, this article concludes by stressing the importance of unity in diversity based on respect for and observance of human rights. The study in this article found that the Federal Constitution of Malaysia in particular its human rights provisions has played important roles in ensuring public order and maintaining peaceful co-existence in Malaysia’s multiracial society.\u0000 \u0000Abstrak: Malaysia adalah sebuah negara yang terkenal dengan kemajmukan penduduknya dari segi kumpulan etnik, agama, budaya dan bahasa. Disebabkan perbezaan ini, terdapat risiko berlakunya perbuatan mengapi-apikan dan mensensasikan sentimen agama dan perkauman oleh pihak yang tidak bertanggungjawab untuk mencapai agenda mereka. Oleh itu, memastikan perpaduan dan mengekalkan kewujudan bersama secara aman 32 juta penduduknya memberi cabaran besar kepada Kerajaan Malaysia. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis prinsip hak asasi manusia yang ditetapkan dalam Perlembagaan Persekutuan Malaysia sebagai formula untuk mengekalkan ketenteraman awam dan kewujudan bersama secara aman di Malaysia. Artikel ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dengan merujuk kepada pelbagai dokumen iaitu Perlembagaan Persekutuan, artikel jurnal, buku dan kes yang diputuskan. Bahagian awal artikel ini memfokuskan pada gambaran keseluruhan demografi Malaysia dan kepentingan kewujudan bersama secara aman penduduknya. Seterusnya, artikel ini akan membincangkan prinsip utama hak asasi manusia yang diperuntukkan dalam Perlembagaan, diikuti dengan analisis ke atas kes terpilih untuk melihat bagaimana Perlembagaan telah memainkan peranan penting dalam menjamin kewujudan bersama secara aman. Akhir sekali, artikel ini menekankan kepentingan perpaduan dalam kepelbagaian berdasarkan penghormatan dan pematuhan hak asasi manusia. Kajian dalam artikel ini mendapati bahawa Perlembagaan Persekutuan Malaysia khususnya perunt","PeriodicalId":241798,"journal":{"name":"Sains Insani","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125973193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Penghayatan Unsur Tradisi dalam Perlembagaan Persekutuan Pelajar Universiti dan Hubungannya dengan Latar Belakang Demografi","authors":"Mastura Abd Wahab, Khadijah Muda","doi":"10.33102/sainsinsani.vol7no2.388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33102/sainsinsani.vol7no2.388","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak: Isu-isu melibatkan unsur tradisi dalam Perlembagaan Persekutuan seperti agama, institusi beraja, bahasa Melayu dan kedudukan istimewa orang Melayu sering diperdebatkan dan kadangkala boleh menjadi punca perbalahan antara kaum di media sosial. Media sosial terdiri daripada pelbagai golongan masyarakat. Pelajar universiti menjadi tumpuan kajian kerana mereka merupakan kategori golongan terpelajar yang akan menjadi pemimpin generasi akan datang. Maka kajian ini dijalankan bagi mengenalpasti tahap pengetahuan, sikap dan penghayatan pelajar universiti terhadap unsur tradisi Perlembagaan Persekutuan, menentukan perbezaannya mengikut faktor latar belakang demografi pelajar serta menganalisis hubungan antara tahap pengetahuan, sikap dan penghayatan pelajar terhadap unsur tradisi dalam Perlembagaan Persekutuan. Sampel kajian terdiri daripada 572 responden dalam kalangan pelajar universiti yang dipilih secara rawak berkelompok di negeri-negeri Semenanjung Malaysia. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah soal selidik yang dibina berdasarkan peruntukan-peruntukan unsur tradisi dalam Perlembagaan Persekutuan serta model KAP yang diedarkan secara atas talian. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa tahap pengetahuan, sikap dan penghayatan pelajar universiti terhadap unsur tradisi adalah tinggi secara keseluruhannya. Namun, terdapat perbezaan yang ketara terhadap tahap pengetahuan, sikap dan penghayatan pelajar universiti mengikut latar belakang demografi. Hasil kajian juga menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tahap pengetahuan, sikap dan penghayatan pelajar terhadap peruntukan unsur-unsur tradisi dalam Perlembagaan Persekutuan walaupun berbeza tahap kekuatan antara ketiga-tiga hubungan tersebut.\u0000 \u0000Abstract: Issues involving traditional elements in the Federal Constitution, such as religion, monarchical institutions, the Malay language, and the special position of the Malays are often debated and sometimes can be a source of inter-racial conflicts on social media. The study focuses on university students, as they are educated people who will be the leaders of the generations to come. Therefore, this study was conducted 1) to identify the level of knowledge, attitude, and appreciation of university students towards the traditional elements of the Federal Constitution, 2) to determine the differences according to students’ demographic background and 3) to analyse the relationship between students' level of knowledge and attitude, as well as their appreciation of traditional elements in the Federal Constitution. The study sample consisted of 572 respondents among university students who were randomly selected in groups in the states of Peninsular Malaysia. The questionnaire was used based on the provisions of the traditional elements in the Federal Constitution, as well as the KAP model, which was distributed online. Overall, the results of the study found that the level of knowledge, attitude, and appreciation of university students towards the traditiona","PeriodicalId":241798,"journal":{"name":"Sains Insani","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114280451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study on Reading Questions in EFL Textbooks for Level Ten, entitled “Bahasa Inggris SMA/MA/SMK/MAK” and “Pathway to English for SMA/MA”","authors":"Serly Febriani, Lubna Ali Mohammed","doi":"10.33102/sainsinsani.vol7no2.477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33102/sainsinsani.vol7no2.477","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Reading questions in the English textbooks are generally used as the techniques to improve reading comprehension and evaluate critical thinking skills development of students. This study aims to compare the reading questions in EFL (English for Foreign Language) textbooks in Indonesia for level/ Grade 10 (X). Specifically, it analyzes the skills and the levels of reading questions in the EFL textbooks for level ten which are “Bahasa Inggris SMA/MA/SMK/MAK” and “Pathway to English for SMA/MA”. It uses a content analysis approach to collect, analyze, and classify the reading questions according to the reading skills of Phillips (2003) and the levels of cognitive domain of revised Bloom’s Taxonomy of Anderson et al. (2001). The findings show that (1) the reading comprehension questions in the two English textbooks similarly cover all skills of reading questions that ask idea of the passages, direct answers, indirect answers, vocabulary, and overall review of the passages and also questions about readers’ opinion; (2) the skills of reading questions are in the levels of ‘remember’, ‘understand’, ‘apply’, ‘analyze’ and ‘evaluate’. The level of ‘create’ is not found. Finally, the skills of reading questions in both of the two English textbooks equally show that the frequency and percentage of low-order thinking skills are higher than high-order thinking skills.\u0000 \u0000Abstrak: Soalan membaca dalam buku teks Bahasa Inggeris secara amnya digunakan sebagai teknik untuk meningkatkan kefahaman bacaan dan menilai perkembangan kemahiran berfikir kritis pelajar. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan soalan membaca teks pada buku teks EFL bagi tahap 10 (X) di Indonesia. Secara khusus, ia menganalisis kemahiran dan tahap soalan membaca di dalam buku teks “Bahasa Inggris SMA/MA/SMK/MAK” and “Pathway to English for SMA/MA”. Ia menggunakan pendekatan analisis kandungan untuk mengumpul, menganalisis, dan mengelaskan soalan membaca mengikut kemahiran membaca Phillips (2003) dan tahap domain kognitif Taksonomi Bloom yang disemak semula Anderson et al., (2001). Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa (1) soalan pemahaman bacaan dalam kedua-dua buku teks bahasa Inggeris meliputi semua kemahiran membaca soalan yang menanyakan idea tentang petikan, jawapan terarah, jawapan tidak langsung, perbendaharaan kata, dan ulasan keseluruhan petikan dan juga soalan tentang pendapat pembaca; (2) kemahiran membaca soalan adalah dalam peringkat mengingat, memahami, mengaplikasi, menganalisis dan menilai. Tahap mencipta atau menghasilkan tidak ditemui. Akhir sekali, kemahiran membaca soalan kedua-dua buku teks bahasa Inggeris menunjukkan bahawa kekerapan dan peratusan kemahiran berfikir aras rendah adalah lebih tinggi daripada kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi.","PeriodicalId":241798,"journal":{"name":"Sains Insani","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116305038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kajian Penggunaan Permainan Puzzle dan Latihan Biofeedback Dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Matematik Pelajar Sekolah Rendah","authors":"A. Omar, Muhammad Nubli Abdul Wahab","doi":"10.33102/sainsinsani.vol7no2.463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33102/sainsinsani.vol7no2.463","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak: Pelbagai teknik telah digunakan untuk meningkatkan prestasi pelajar yang lemah dalam pembelajaran. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mendalami bagaimana teknik latihan permainan Puzzle dan latihan Biofeedback boleh digunakan untuk membantu pelajar bagi meningkatkan prestasi skor koheren dan juga prestasi akademik. Kajian lalu membuktikan bahawa latihan permainan puzzle boleh membantu individu meningkatkan daya konsentrasi dan juga teknik latihan Biofeedback juga membantu individu untuk meningkatkan prestasi kognitif dan konsentrasi mereka. Sampel kajian ini terdiri daripada 40 orang pelajar yang berpencapaian rendah dari sekolah rendah di daerah Jerantut, Pahang.  Mereka dipilih secara rawak dan dibahagikan kepada dua kumpulan, iaitu Kumpulan Latihan (n=20) dan Kumpulan Kawalan (n=20). Pelajar menjalani 2 sesi latihan permainan puzzle dan latihan Biofeedback sepanjang 3 minit setiap sesi. Data perubahan diri yang dikumpul melibatkan analisis skor spektrum kuasa VLF, LF, dan HF. Analisis data min skor spektrum HRV dan ujian pra/pos digunakan untuk melihat peningkatan skor HRV dan peningkatan akademik pelajar. Dapatan menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan dalam skor HRV pelajar dan prestasi akademik bagi pelajar yang mengikuti latihan permainan Puzzle dan latihan Biofeedback berbanding pelajar yang tidak mengikut latihan. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahawa teknik latihan permainan Puzzle dan latihan Biofeedback boleh dijadikan pendekatan berkesan untuk membantu pelajar lemah dalam meningkatkan skor koheren seterusnya membantu mereka meningkatkan pencapaian akademik.\u0000 \u0000Abstract: Various techniques have been used to improve the performance of students who are weak in learning. This study aims to explore how Puzzle training techniques and Biofeedback training can be used to help students to improve coherence score performance and also academic performance. Previous studies proved that Puzzle training can help individuals to improve concentration. Biofeedback training techniques also help individuals to improve their cognitive performance and concentration. Biofeedback exercises are combined with resonant breathing exercises to help students to improve Heart Rate Variability “HRV” coherence scores. The use of resonant breathing exercises had previously been shown to help individuals to improve coherence scores. The sample of this study consisted of 40 low-achieving students from primary schools in the district of Jerantut, Pahang. They were randomly selected and divided into two groups, a Training Group (n=20) and a Control Group (n=20). Students underwent 2 puzzle training sessions and Biofeedback training for 3 minutes each session. Collected self-change data involved analysis of VLF, LF, and HF power spectrum scores. Data analysis of the mean HRV spectrum score and pre/post test was used to see the increase in HRV score and academic improvement of the students. Findings show that there is an increase in students' HRV scores and academic performance for stu","PeriodicalId":241798,"journal":{"name":"Sains Insani","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131220901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}