Zoological Science最新文献_第7页

Histological and Molecular Characterization of the Inferior Olivary Nucleus and Climbing Fibers in the Goldfish, Carassius auratus. 金鱼下橄榄核和攀爬纤维的组织学和分子特征。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220080

Takanori Ikenaga, Shohei Morita, Thomas E Finger

{"title":"Histological and Molecular Characterization of the Inferior Olivary Nucleus and Climbing Fibers in the Goldfish, Carassius auratus.","authors":"Takanori Ikenaga, Shohei Morita, Thomas E Finger","doi":"10.2108/zs220080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220080","url":null,"abstract":"The cerebellum receives inputs via the climbing fibers originating from the inferior olivary nucleus in the ventral medulla. In mammals, the climbing fibers entwine and terminate onto both major and peripheral branches of dendrites of the Purkinje cells. In this study, the inferior olivary nucleus and climbing fiber in the goldfish were investigated with several histological techniques. By neural tracer application to the hemisphere of the cerebellum, labeled inferior olivary neurons were found in the ventral edge of the contralateral medulla. Kainate stimulated Co + + uptake and gephyrin immunoreactivities were found in inferior olivary neurons, indicating, respectively, that they receive both excitatory (glutamatergic) and inhibitory (GABAergic or glycinergic) inputs. Inferior olivary neurons express vglut2.1 transcripts, suggesting they are glutamatergic. Around 85% of inferior olivary neurons were labeled with anti-calretinin antiserum. Calretinin immunoreactive (ir) climbing fiber terminal-like structures were distributed near the Purkinje cells and in the molecular layer. Double labeling immunofluorescence with anti-calretinin and zebrin II antisera revealed that the calretinin-ir climbing fibers run along and made synaptic-like contacts on the major dendrites of the zebrin II-ir Purkinje cells. In teleost fish, cerebellar efferent neurons, eurydendroid cells, also lie near the Purkinje cells and extend dendrites outward to intermingle with dendrites of the Purkinje cells within the molecular layer. Here we found no contacts between the climbing fiber terminals and the eurydendroid cell dendrites. These results support the idea that Purkinje cells, but not eurydendroid cells, receive strong inputs via the climbing fibers, similar to the mammalian situation.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 2","pages":"141-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9292077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Zoology of Fishes. 鱼类动物学。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.2108/zsj.40.79

Yoshitaka Oka, Chie Umatani

{"title":"Zoology of Fishes.","authors":"Yoshitaka Oka, Chie Umatani","doi":"10.2108/zsj.40.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zsj.40.79","url":null,"abstract":"The Zoological Society of Japan is one of the longest-standing scientific societies in Japan, and it has been publishing a unique prestigious international journal in zoology, Zoological Science, for a long period of time since its foundation in 1984 as the continuation of Zoological Magazine (1888-1983) and Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses (1897-1983). One of the most salient features of the Society and the Journal may be the variety of species of animals used in the studies by the members of the society and the authors of the journal. Among various animal species, fish may have contributed to almost all disciplines of presentations and publications, including behavioral biology, biochemistry, cell biology, developmental biology, diversity and evolution, ecology, endocrinology, genetics, immunology, morphology, neurobiology, phylogeny, reproductive biology, and taxonomy. Owing to the recent advancement of modern molecular genetic methods in biology, not a few fish species have contributed to various research disciplines in zoological science as model animals. The present Special Issue includes various kinds of such studies in zoological science by taking advantage of a variety of fish species, which are contributed by authors of various generations ranging from junior to senior zoologists.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 2","pages":"79-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9286048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neural Control of Sexual Behavior in Fish. 鱼类性行为的神经控制。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220108

Yoshitaka Oka

{"title":"Neural Control of Sexual Behavior in Fish.","authors":"Yoshitaka Oka","doi":"10.2108/zs220108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220108","url":null,"abstract":"Many vertebrate species show breeding periods and exhibit series of characteristic species-specific sexual behaviors only during the breeding period. Here, secretion of gonadal sex hormones from the mature gonads has been considered to facilitate sexual behaviors. Thus, the sexual behavior has long been considered to be regulated by neural and hormonal mechanisms. In this review, we discuss recent progress in the study of neural control mechanisms of sexual behavior with a focus on studies using fish, which have often been the favorite animals used by many researchers who study instinctive animal behaviors. We first discuss control mechanisms of sexual behaviors by sex steroids in relation to the anatomical studies of sex steroid-concentrating neurons in various vertebrate brains, which are abundantly distributed in evolutionarily conserved areas such as preoptic area (POA) and anterior hypothalamus. We then focus on another brain area called the ventral telencephalic area, which has also been suggested to contain sex steroid-concentrating neurons and has been implicated in the control of sexual behaviors, especially in teleosts. We also discuss control of sex-specific behaviors and sexual preference influenced by estrogenic signals or by olfactory/pheromonal signals. Finally, we briefly summarize research on the modulatory control of motivation for sexual behaviors by a group of peptidergic neurons called terminal nerve gonadotropin-releasing hormone (TN-GnRH) neurons, which are known to be especially developed in fishes among various vertebrate species.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 2","pages":"128-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9292075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Segment-Dependent Gene Expression Profiling of the Cartilaginous Fish Nephron Using Laser Microdissection for Functional Characterization of Nephron at Segment Levels. 利用激光显微解剖技术对软骨鱼肾元进行节段依赖性基因表达谱分析，以在节段水平上表征肾元的功能。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220092

Takashi Horie, Wataru Takagi, Naotaka Aburatani, Manabu Yamazaki, Mayu Inokuchi, Masaya Tachizawa, Kataaki Okubo, Ritsuko Ohtani-Kaneko, Kotaro Tokunaga, Marty Kwok-Sing Wong, Susumu Hyodo

{"title":"Segment-Dependent Gene Expression Profiling of the Cartilaginous Fish Nephron Using Laser Microdissection for Functional Characterization of Nephron at Segment Levels.","authors":"Takashi Horie, Wataru Takagi, Naotaka Aburatani, Manabu Yamazaki, Mayu Inokuchi, Masaya Tachizawa, Kataaki Okubo, Ritsuko Ohtani-Kaneko, Kotaro Tokunaga, Marty Kwok-Sing Wong, Susumu Hyodo","doi":"10.2108/zs220092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220092","url":null,"abstract":"For adaptation to a high salinity marine environment, cartilaginous fishes have evolved a ureosmotic strategy. They have a highly elaborate \"four-loop nephron\" in the kidney, which is considered to be important for reabsorption of urea from the glomerular filtrate to maintain a high concentration of urea in the body. However, the function and regulation, generally, of the \"four-loop nephron\" are still largely unknown due to the complicated configuration of the nephron and its many subdivided segments. Laser microdissection (LMD) followed by RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis is a powerful technique to obtain segment-dependent gene expression profiles. In the present study, using the kidney of cloudy catshark, Scyliorhinus torazame, we tested several formaldehyde-free and formaldehyde-based fixatives to optimize the fixation methods. Fixation by 1% neutral buffered formalin for 15 min resulted in sufficient RNA and structural integrities, which allowed LMD clipping of specific nephron segments and subsequent RNA-seq analysis. RNA-seq from the LMD samples of the second-loop, the fourth-loop, and the five tubular segments in the bundle zone revealed a number of specific membrane transporter genes that can characterize each segment. Among them, we examined expressions of the Na + -coupled cotransporters abundantly expressed in the second loop samples. Although the proximal II segment of the second loop is known for the elimination of excess solutes, the present results imply that the PII segment is also crucial for reabsorption of valuable solutes. Looking ahead to future studies, the segment-dependent gene expression profiling will be a powerful technique for unraveling the renal mechanisms and regulation in euryhaline elasmobranchs.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 2","pages":"91-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9292071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Teratorn and Its Related Elements - a Novel Group of Herpesviruses Widespread in Teleost Genomes. Teratorn及其相关元件-一组广泛存在于硬骨鱼基因组中的新型疱疹病毒。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220069

Yusuke Inoue, Hiroyuki Takeda

{"title":"Teratorn and Its Related Elements - a Novel Group of Herpesviruses Widespread in Teleost Genomes.","authors":"Yusuke Inoue, Hiroyuki Takeda","doi":"10.2108/zs220069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220069","url":null,"abstract":"Herpesviruses are a large family of DNA viruses infecting vertebrates and invertebrates, and are important pathogens in the field of aquaculture. In general, herpesviruses do not have the ability to integrate into the host genomes since they do not have a chromosomal integration step in their life cycles. Recently, we identified a novel group of herpesviruses, \"Teratorn\" and its related elements, in the genomes of various teleost fish species. At least some of the Teratorn-like herpesviruses are fused with a piggyBac-like DNA transposon, suggesting that they have acquired the transposon-like intragenomic lifestyle by hijacking the transposon system. In this review, we describe the sequence characteristics of Teratorn-like herpesviruses and phylogenetic relationships with other herpesviruses. Then we discuss the process of transposon-herpesvirus fusion, their life cycle, and the generality of transposon-virus fusion. Teratorn-like herpesviruses provide a piece of concrete evidence that even non-retroviral elements can become intragenomic parasites retaining replication capacity, by acquiring transposition machinery from other sources.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 2","pages":"83-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9292072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Developmental Process of a Pronounced Laterality in the Scale-eating Cichlid Fish Perissodus microlepis in Lake Tanganyika. 坦噶尼喀湖食鳞鱼Perissodus microlepis侧性发育过程

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220078

Yuichi Takeuchi

{"title":"Developmental Process of a Pronounced Laterality in the Scale-eating Cichlid Fish Perissodus microlepis in Lake Tanganyika.","authors":"Yuichi Takeuchi","doi":"10.2108/zs220078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220078","url":null,"abstract":"Lateral preference in behaviors has been widely documented in many vertebrates and invertebrates. Such preferences are strange, puzzling, and on the surface, not adaptive. However, behavioral laterality may increase an individual's fitness as well as foraging accuracy and speed. There is little experimental evidence regarding the developmental process of laterality, and unsolved questions have perplexed researchers for several decades. Related to these issues, here, I review that the scale-eating cichlid Perissodus microlepis found in Lake Tanganyika is a valuable model to address the developmental mechanism of animal laterality. The scale-eating cichlid has pronounced behavioral laterality and uses its asymmetric mouth during feeding events. Recent studies have shown that behavioral laterality in this fish depends on both genetic factors and past experience. The attack-side preference of scale eaters is an acquired trait in an early developmental stage. Juvenile fish empirically learn which side of the prey is more effective for tearing scales and gradually select the dominant side for attacking. However, the superior kinetics of body flexion during the dominant side attack has innate characteristics. Additionally, left-right differences in scale-eater mandibles also develop during ontogeny. Further progress toward understanding the comprehensive mechanisms of laterality should address the following persistent barriers: (1) the effects of phylogenetic constraints and ecological factors on the level of laterality; and (2) the neuronal and molecular mechanisms that produce left-right behavioral differences.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 2","pages":"160-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9292070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Ascending Visual Pathways to the Telencephalon in Teleosts with Special Focus on Forebrain Visual Centers, Associated Neural Circuitries, and Evolution. 硬骨鱼通往端脑的上行视觉通路:特别关注前脑视觉中心、相关神经回路和进化。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220089

Hanako Hagio, Naoyuki Yamamoto

{"title":"Ascending Visual Pathways to the Telencephalon in Teleosts with Special Focus on Forebrain Visual Centers, Associated Neural Circuitries, and Evolution.","authors":"Hanako Hagio, Naoyuki Yamamoto","doi":"10.2108/zs220089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220089","url":null,"abstract":"Visual pathways to the telencephalon in teleost fishes have been studied in detail only in a few species, and their evolutionary history remained unclear. On the basis of our recent studies we propose that there were two visual pathways in the common ancestor of teleosts, while one of them became lost in acanthopterygian fishes that emerged relatively recently. Our in-depth analyses on the connections of visual centers also revealed that there are connections shared with those of mammals, and retinotopic organization of the ascending connections is maintained at least to the level of the diencephalon in the yellowfin goby. The major visual telencephalic center, or the lateral part of the dorsal telencephalon (Dl), shows considerable species differences in the number of regions and cytoarchitecture. In particular, four highly specialized compartments are noted in the Dl of gobies, and we analyzed about 100 species of teleosts to investigate the evolution of the compartments in the Dl, which indicated that four compartments emerged only in Gobiiformes, while there are fewer specialized compartments in some other percomorph lineages. We also discuss the connections of forebrain visual centers with the cerebellum and other lower brain centers and infer possible functions of the circuitries.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 2","pages":"105-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9292073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Time-Comparator Neural Circuits of Gymnotiform Electric Fishes. 裸子形电鱼的时间比较神经回路。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220071

Masashi Kawasaki

引用次数: 1

Growth-Promotion Effects of Dissolved Amino Acids in Three Species of Hynobius Salamander Hatchlings. 溶解氨基酸对三种蝾螈幼体生长的促进作用。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220040

Noboru Katayama, Keina Tanimura

{"title":"Growth-Promotion Effects of Dissolved Amino Acids in Three Species of Hynobius Salamander Hatchlings.","authors":"Noboru Katayama, Keina Tanimura","doi":"10.2108/zs220040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220040","url":null,"abstract":"It has been suggested that aquatic vertebrates may be able to meet their energy requirements by using the amino acids dissolved in environmental water. If this ability can be applied to aquatic organisms generally, then conventional ecological theories related to food web interactions should be revisited, as this would likely bring about significant advances in applications. Here, we prepared two 1 mM amino acid (phenylalanine and glycine) solutions in environmental water and conducted laboratory experiments to demonstrate the utilization of dissolved amino acids by hatchlings of three salamander species (Ezo: Hynobius retardatus, Tohoku: Hynobius lichenatus, and Japanese black: Hynobius nigrescens). Compared to controls (no amino acids in environmental water), the growth rate for Ezo salamanders was higher when larvae were reared in phenylalanine solution, while that for Japanese black salamanders was higher in glycine and phenylalanine solutions. Amino acids in environmental water had no effect on the growth of Tohoku salamanders. However, when growth was divided into early (days 1 to 5) and late (days 5 to 7) developmental stages, growth in early-developmental stage individuals was improved by phenylalanine treatment, even in Tohoku salamanders. The results showed that the growth of salamander larvae was improved when salamanders were reared in environmental water with high amino acid concentrations. Although aquatic bacteria may not have been removed completely from the environmental water, no other eukaryotes were present. Our results suggest an overlooked nutrient pathway in which aquatic vertebrates take up dissolved amino acids without mediation by other eukaryotes.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"13-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9231304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Nitrogen Source Uptake by the Bivalve Nuttallia olivacea Fed with ¹⁵N-Labeled Diatoms. 15n标记硅藻饲喂双壳藻对氮源吸收的评价。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220032

Kyoko Kinoshita, Kinuko Ito, Satoshi Katayama

{"title":"Evaluation of Nitrogen Source Uptake by the Bivalve Nuttallia olivacea Fed with 15N-Labeled Diatoms.","authors":"Kyoko Kinoshita, Kinuko Ito, Satoshi Katayama","doi":"10.2108/zs220032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220032","url":null,"abstract":"Marine diatoms are an important food resource for bivalves, but few experimental studies have evaluated diatom assimilation by bivalves. We conducted a laboratory experiment to investigate the ability of the suspension-feeding bivalve Nuttallia olivacea to utilize three common diatom species (planktonic diatoms Thalassiosira pseudonana and Skeletonema dohrnii and the benthic diatom Entomoneis paludosa) as food labeled with heavy nitrogen stable isotope (15N) by incubation in medium containing Na15NO3. The percentage of food-derived nitrogen in the organs of the bivalves increased over time, confirming that the bivalves were taking up dietary nitrogen from diatoms. The proportion of food-derived nitrogen from diatoms to bivalves appeared to be higher in planktonic species than in benthic species. However, it is possible that the benthic diatom intake by the bivalves in this study was underestimated because the substrate was not disturbed as would occur under field conditions. The percentage of food-derived nitrogen in bivalve organs tended to be highest in the digestive diverticula, followed by the foot, mantle, and siphon, regardless of diatom type. These findings suggest that N. olivacea may preferentially distribute nitrogen to organs other than the siphon, which is prone to continuous loss by fish predation.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"19-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9231305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0