Zoological Science最新文献_第8页

Comparative Observation and Analysis of Preference Behavior Based on Three Types of Taxes and Locomotor Activity in the Goldfish, Carassius auratus. 基于三种税收和运动活动的金鱼偏好行为的比较观察与分析。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220059

Kyoka Shimizu, Keisuke Watanabe, Norifumi Konno, Tomoya Nakamachi, Kouhei Matsuda

{"title":"Comparative Observation and Analysis of Preference Behavior Based on Three Types of Taxes and Locomotor Activity in the Goldfish, Carassius auratus.","authors":"Kyoka Shimizu, Keisuke Watanabe, Norifumi Konno, Tomoya Nakamachi, Kouhei Matsuda","doi":"10.2108/zs220059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220059","url":null,"abstract":"Psychophysiological studies in vertebrates have focused on taxes as indicators of behavioral change. Actually, a considerable number of studies about anxiety-like and anti-anxiety-like behaviors involving geotaxis, scototaxis, and thigmotaxis have been conducted on fish. However, few analyses considering these behaviors based on taxes in fish have been conducted. Here, using goldfish, we measured the time spent in the bright or dark area of a horizontally long rectangular tank (HLRT), in the upper or lower area of a vertically long rectangular tank (VLRT), and in the central or edge area of a circular tank (CT), respectively, for the first 30 min and the last 30 min in a 3-h period after fish had been introduced to tanks. Dark, lower, and edge preference behaviors were observed for the first 30 min in all tanks. While dark and edge preference behaviors were maintained even for the last 30 min, the lower preference was lost. Swimming distance and the number of area crossings in each tank were also compared between the first 30 min and the last 30 min. Both decreased significantly or tended to decrease in the last 30 min in the HLRT and the CT, but no change was observed in the VLRT. These results suggest that, in goldfish, preference behavior is stable for a short time, and that environmental habituation may depend on the shape of the tank and the elapsed time.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9231308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gravitactic Swimming of the Planula Larva of the Coral Acropora: Characterization of Straightforward Vertical Swimming. 珊瑚尾螺浮藻幼虫的重力游泳:直接垂直游泳的特征。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220043

Asuka Takeda-Sakazume, Junko Honjo, Sachia Sasano, Kanae Matsushima, Shoji A Baba, Yoshihiro Mogami, Masayuki Hatta

{"title":"Gravitactic Swimming of the Planula Larva of the Coral Acropora: Characterization of Straightforward Vertical Swimming.","authors":"Asuka Takeda-Sakazume, Junko Honjo, Sachia Sasano, Kanae Matsushima, Shoji A Baba, Yoshihiro Mogami, Masayuki Hatta","doi":"10.2108/zs220043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220043","url":null,"abstract":"Vertical migration as well as horizontal dispersion is important in the ecological strategy of planktonic larvae of sedentary corals. We report in this paper unique vertical swimming behavior of planulae of the reef-building coral Acropora tenuis. Several days after fertilization, most of the planulae stayed exclusively at either the top or the bottom of the rearing tank. A good proportion of the planulae migrated almost vertically between top and bottom with fairly straight trajectories. Planulae sometimes switched their swimming direction via a sharp turn between the opposite directions. Quantitative analyses demonstrated that planulae kept constant speed while swimming either upward or downward, in contrast to frequent changes of direction and speed in horizontal swimming. Statistical comparison of propulsive speeds, estimated from swimming speeds and passive sedimentation, revealed gravikinesis of planulae, where the propulsive speed was significantly greater in downward swimming than upward swimming. The larval density hydrodynamically estimated was 0.25% lower than sea water density, which might be explained by the large quantity of lipids in planulae. Also, the deciliated larvae tended to orient oral end-up during floatation, presumably due to asymmetrical distribution of the endogenous light lipids. Plasticity of the larval tissue geometry could easily cause relocation of the center of forces which work together to generate gravitactic-orientation torque and, therefore, abrupt changing of the gravitactic swimming direction. The bimodal gravitactic behavior may give a new insight into dispersal and recruitment of coral larvae.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"44-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9215720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Fbxl4 Regulates the Photic Entrainment of Circadian Locomotor Rhythms in the Cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. fbx14调控双斑蟋蟀昼夜运动节律的光诱导。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220047

Kazuki Takeuchi, Mirai Matsuka, Tsugumichi Shinohara, Mayuko Hamada, Yasuaki Tomiyama, Kenji Tomioka

{"title":"Fbxl4 Regulates the Photic Entrainment of Circadian Locomotor Rhythms in the Cricket Gryllus bimaculatus.","authors":"Kazuki Takeuchi, Mirai Matsuka, Tsugumichi Shinohara, Mayuko Hamada, Yasuaki Tomiyama, Kenji Tomioka","doi":"10.2108/zs220047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220047","url":null,"abstract":"Photic entrainment is an essential property of the circadian clock that sets the appropriate timing of daily behavioral and physiological events. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the entrainment remain largely unknown. In the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus, the immediate early gene c-fosB plays an important role in photic entrainment, followed by a mechanism involving cryptochromes (crys). However, the association between c-fosB expression and crys remains unclear. In the present study, using RNA-sequencing analysis, we found that five Fbxl family genes (Fbxl4, Fbxl5, Fbxl16, Fbxl-like1, and Fbxl-like2) encoding F-box and leucine-rich repeat proteins are likely involved in the mechanism following light-dependent c-fosB induction. RNA interference (RNAi) of c-fosA/B significantly downregulated Fbxls expression, whereas RNAi of the Fbxl genes exerted no effect on c-fosB expression. The Fbxl genes showed rhythmic expression under light-dark cycles (LDs) with higher expression levels in early day (Fbxl16), whole day (Fbxl-like1), or day-to-early night (Fbxl4, Fbxl5, and Fbxl-like2), whereas their expression was reduced in the dark. We then examined the effect of their RNAi on the photic entrainment of the locomotor rhythm and found that RNAi of Fbxl4 either disrupted or significantly delayed the re-entrainment of the locomotor rhythm to shifted LDs. These results suggest that light-induced c-fosB expression stimulates Fbxl4 expression to reset the circadian clock.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"53-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9215721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A Relaxin-Like Gonad-Stimulating Peptide Appears in the Early Development of the Starfish Patiria pectinifera. 一种类似松弛素的性腺刺激肽出现在海星的早期发育中。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220058

Masatoshi Mita, Hidekazu Katayama, Kazutoshi Yamamoto, Yasushi Shibata, Masato Kiyomoto

引用次数: 1

Development of Genetic Markers for Sex and Individual Identification of the Japanese Giant Flying Squirrel (Petaurista leucogenys) by an Efficient Method Using High-Throughput DNA Sequencing. 利用高通量DNA测序技术开发日本鼯鼠性别和个体鉴定遗传标记。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220045

Aki Sugita, Mayumi Shigeta, Noriko Tamura, Hiroyuki Okazaki, Nobuyuki Kutsukake, Yohey Terai

{"title":"Development of Genetic Markers for Sex and Individual Identification of the Japanese Giant Flying Squirrel (Petaurista leucogenys) by an Efficient Method Using High-Throughput DNA Sequencing.","authors":"Aki Sugita, Mayumi Shigeta, Noriko Tamura, Hiroyuki Okazaki, Nobuyuki Kutsukake, Yohey Terai","doi":"10.2108/zs220045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220045","url":null,"abstract":"DNA markers that detect differences in the number of microsatellite repeats can be highly effective for genotyping individuals that lack differences in external morphology. However, isolation of sequences with different microsatellite repeat numbers between individuals has been a time-consuming process in the development of DNA markers. Individual identification of Japanese giant flying squirrels (Petaurista leucogenys) has been challenging because this species is arboreal and nocturnal and exhibits little to no morphological variation between individuals. In this study, we developed DNA markers for sex and individual identification of this species by an efficient method using high-throughput DNA sequence data. Paired-end 5 Gb (2 × 250 bp) and 15 Gb (2 × 150 bp) genome sequences were determined from a female and a male Japanese giant flying squirrel, respectively. We searched SRY and XIST genes located on Y and X chromosomes, respectively, from high-throughput sequence data and designed primers to amplify these genes. Using these primer sets, we succeeded to identify the sex of individuals. In addition, we selected 12 loci containing microsatellites with different numbers of repeats between two individuals from the same data set, and designed primers to amplify these sequences. Twenty individuals from nine different locations were discriminated using these primer sets. Furthermore, both sex and microsatellite markers were amplified from DNA extracted non-invasively from single fecal pellet samples. Based on our results for flying squirrels, we expect our efficient method for developing non-invasive high-resolution individual- and sex-specific genotyping to be applicable to a diversity of mammalian species.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"24-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10715442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fusceulimoides kohtsukai gen. et sp. nov., a Minute Eulimid Gastropod Parasitic on the Little Brittle Star Ophiactis savignyi in Central Japan. Fusceulimoides kohtsukai gen. et sp. nov.，一种微小的寄生在日本中部小海蛇尾上的真核腹足类动物。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220050

Tsuyoshi Takano, Yasunori Kano, Takanobu Mogi, Masanori Okanishi

{"title":"Fusceulimoides kohtsukai gen. et sp. nov., a Minute Eulimid Gastropod Parasitic on the Little Brittle Star Ophiactis savignyi in Central Japan.","authors":"Tsuyoshi Takano, Yasunori Kano, Takanobu Mogi, Masanori Okanishi","doi":"10.2108/zs220050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220050","url":null,"abstract":"Gastropods of over a dozen genera in the family Eulimidae have been identified as parasites of brittle stars, and many more remain to be discovered and described for a comprehensive understanding of the evolutionary history of their host-parasite relationships. In this study, we describe Fusceulimoides kohtsukai gen. et sp. nov., parasitic on the little brittle star, Ophiactis savignyi (Ophiactidae), in Kanagawa, central Japan. The new genus is distinguished from other eulimid genera by the combination of following seven conchological characters: (1) a very small size of up to 1.7 mm high, (2) a colorless translucent appearance, (3) a conical pupiform shape with a paucispiral protoconch, (4) slightly convex teleoconch whorls, (5) a remarkably large body whorl occupying 65-70% of the total shell height, (6) a broad, somewhat squarish and laterally expanded aperture with a strongly curved outer lip, and (7) a developed parietal callus without an indentation or depression in the umbilical area. A multi-locus molecular phylogeny revealed its distant relationship to Hemiliostraca + Pyramidelloides, a previously known clade of ophiuroid parasites, thereby suggesting multiple origins of this host-parasite association in Eulimidae.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"64-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9231307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sand Armored Edwardsiids: Two New Species of Paraedwardsia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria: Edwardsiidae) from Japan. 日本沙甲爱德华科:拟爱德华科二新种(刺胞纲:珊瑚虫纲;猕猴桃纲:爱德华科)。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs210052

Takato Izumi

引用次数: 0

Additional Taxonomic Information for Lamproglena hemprichii (Copepoda: Lernaeidae) Based on Scanning Electron Microscopy and Genetic Characterization, Alongside Some Aspects of Its Ecology. 基于扫描电镜和遗传特征的麻麻小鳗(桡足目:Lernaeidae科)分类学信息及其生态学的一些方面。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220033

Nyasha Mabika, Maxwell Barson, Quinton Marco Dos Santos, Cobus van Dyk, Annemariè Avenant-Oldewage

{"title":"Additional Taxonomic Information for Lamproglena hemprichii (Copepoda: Lernaeidae) Based on Scanning Electron Microscopy and Genetic Characterization, Alongside Some Aspects of Its Ecology.","authors":"Nyasha Mabika, Maxwell Barson, Quinton Marco Dos Santos, Cobus van Dyk, Annemariè Avenant-Oldewage","doi":"10.2108/zs220033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220033","url":null,"abstract":"Additional taxonomic and ecological data for the lernaeid copepod Lamproglena hemprichii Nordmann, 1832 infecting the African tigerfish, Hydrocynus vittatus Castelnau, 1861, are presented with scanning electron micrographs, molecular characterization, and selected ecological parameters. Eighty fish were collected from Lake Kariba between October 2014 and July 2015. Scanning electron microscopy provided additional data for the morphology, including structures on the antennulae, antennae, and legs. The 18S and 28S rDNA fragments of this species were distinct from those of other Lamproglena taxa but placed this species within this genus. Phylogenetically, L. hemprichii appears closest to L. monodi Capart, 1944, the only other African species for which molecular data is available. The anterior part of the second gill filament was the preferred attachment site. There was a positive correlation (Pearson correlation coefficient r2 = 0.64; P = 0.77) between the length of the parasite and the length of the fish. A positive correlation (Pearson correlation coefficient r2 = 0.61; P = 0.03) between the length of the parasite and the length of the gill filament was also observed. Although the specimens studied here are morphologically highly similar to previous reports of L. hemprichii, some morphological variation was observed, and a revision (morphometric and genetic) of the taxon is suggested. This study provides the first detailed genetic characterization and phylogenetic information for the species.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"32-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9231306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Molecular Identification and Genetic Variation of Rattus Species From Oil Palm Plantations of Malaysia Based on Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI) Gene Sequences. 基于线粒体细胞色素氧化酶亚基I (COI)基因序列的马来西亚油棕田鼠分子鉴定及遗传变异

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs210093

Mohamad Harris Nasir, Subha Bhassu, Muhamad Shakirin Mispan, Sazaly Abu Bakar, Khoo Jing Jing, Hasmahzaiti Omar

{"title":"Molecular Identification and Genetic Variation of Rattus Species From Oil Palm Plantations of Malaysia Based on Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI) Gene Sequences.","authors":"Mohamad Harris Nasir, Subha Bhassu, Muhamad Shakirin Mispan, Sazaly Abu Bakar, Khoo Jing Jing, Hasmahzaiti Omar","doi":"10.2108/zs210093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs210093","url":null,"abstract":"Rats (Rattus species) are the most notorious vertebrate pests in Malaysian oil palm plantations. Although many studies have been conducted on Asian rats, little attention has been paid to their species composition and phylogenetic relationships in oil palm plantations in Peninsular Malaysia. We determined the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequence (708 bp) for 216 individual rats collected from five oil palm plantations in Peninsular Malaysia. Phylogenetic analysis in conjunction with comparison with sequences from the nucleotide sequence database revealed five distinct lineages in the Malaysian oil plantations: Rattus tiomanicus, Rattus argentiventer, Rattus exulans, Rattus tanezumi, and a taxon corresponding to the Malayan house rat, which was most frequently observed (∼50%). The last taxon has traditionally been classified as a synonym of Rattus rattus (Rattus rattus diardii) or Rattus tanezumi, but our phylogenetic analysis placed it as an independent lineage, which is not particularly closely related to R. rattus or R. tanezumi, and which we refer to as Rattus diardii. The construction of the network showed that there is considerable genetic variation within the lineages of R. diardii and R tiomanicus, suggesting that these two species are native to the Malay Peninsula.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"39 6","pages":"554-561"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10414306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functional Analysis of a Juvenile Hormone Inducible Transcription Factor, Krüppel homolog 1, in the Bean Bug, Riptortus pedestris. 幼体激素诱导转录因子kr<s:1>同源物1在豆虫中的功能分析。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220025

Li Dong, Nobuki Muramatsu, Hideharu Numata, Chihiro Ito

{"title":"Functional Analysis of a Juvenile Hormone Inducible Transcription Factor, Krüppel homolog 1, in the Bean Bug, Riptortus pedestris.","authors":"Li Dong, Nobuki Muramatsu, Hideharu Numata, Chihiro Ito","doi":"10.2108/zs220025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220025","url":null,"abstract":"Juvenile hormone (JH) has two major functions in insects, i.e., suppression of metamorphosis in the larval or nymphal stage and promotion of reproduction in the adult stage. Krüppel homolog 1 (Kr-h1), a C2H2 zinc-finger type transcription factor, is reported to act downstream of the JH receptor complex. In the present study, the function of Kr-h1 was examined in adults and nymphs of Riptortus pedestris by RNA interference (RNAi). After injection of adults with dsRNA of Kr-h1, the expression level of Kr-h1 was significantly decreased in the abdomen. Kr-h1 dsRNA-injection resulted in a lower proportion of individuals with developed ovaries, but the difference was not statistically significant. The transcript levels of cyanoprotein-α and vitellogenin-1, which are JH-inducible genes encoding yolk proteins, were not affected in the abdomen by Kr-h1 knockdown. Kr-h1 dsRNA-injection was effective for suppression of Kr-h1 expression in nymphs. Some Kr-h1 dsRNA-injected fifth (final) instar nymphs had morphological defects in the wing bud. Moreover, they had several adult morphological features, including ocelli in the head, connexivum in the abdomen, coloring of the dorsal abdomen, and genitals. The nymphs possessing adult features did not emerge as adults during 1 month. These results demonstrated that Kr-h1 is necessary for maintaining nymphal characters in R. pedestris. The function of Kr-h1 in ovarian development remains unclear in R. pedestris.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"39 6","pages":"562-569"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10702852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1