Zoological Science最新文献_第10页

Developmental Process of a Pronounced Laterality in the Scale-eating Cichlid Fish Perissodus microlepis in Lake Tanganyika. 坦噶尼喀湖食鳞鱼Perissodus microlepis侧性发育过程

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220078

Yuichi Takeuchi

{"title":"Developmental Process of a Pronounced Laterality in the Scale-eating Cichlid Fish Perissodus microlepis in Lake Tanganyika.","authors":"Yuichi Takeuchi","doi":"10.2108/zs220078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220078","url":null,"abstract":"Lateral preference in behaviors has been widely documented in many vertebrates and invertebrates. Such preferences are strange, puzzling, and on the surface, not adaptive. However, behavioral laterality may increase an individual's fitness as well as foraging accuracy and speed. There is little experimental evidence regarding the developmental process of laterality, and unsolved questions have perplexed researchers for several decades. Related to these issues, here, I review that the scale-eating cichlid Perissodus microlepis found in Lake Tanganyika is a valuable model to address the developmental mechanism of animal laterality. The scale-eating cichlid has pronounced behavioral laterality and uses its asymmetric mouth during feeding events. Recent studies have shown that behavioral laterality in this fish depends on both genetic factors and past experience. The attack-side preference of scale eaters is an acquired trait in an early developmental stage. Juvenile fish empirically learn which side of the prey is more effective for tearing scales and gradually select the dominant side for attacking. However, the superior kinetics of body flexion during the dominant side attack has innate characteristics. Additionally, left-right differences in scale-eater mandibles also develop during ontogeny. Further progress toward understanding the comprehensive mechanisms of laterality should address the following persistent barriers: (1) the effects of phylogenetic constraints and ecological factors on the level of laterality; and (2) the neuronal and molecular mechanisms that produce left-right behavioral differences.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 2","pages":"160-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9292070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Ascending Visual Pathways to the Telencephalon in Teleosts with Special Focus on Forebrain Visual Centers, Associated Neural Circuitries, and Evolution. 硬骨鱼通往端脑的上行视觉通路:特别关注前脑视觉中心、相关神经回路和进化。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220089

Hanako Hagio, Naoyuki Yamamoto

{"title":"Ascending Visual Pathways to the Telencephalon in Teleosts with Special Focus on Forebrain Visual Centers, Associated Neural Circuitries, and Evolution.","authors":"Hanako Hagio, Naoyuki Yamamoto","doi":"10.2108/zs220089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220089","url":null,"abstract":"Visual pathways to the telencephalon in teleost fishes have been studied in detail only in a few species, and their evolutionary history remained unclear. On the basis of our recent studies we propose that there were two visual pathways in the common ancestor of teleosts, while one of them became lost in acanthopterygian fishes that emerged relatively recently. Our in-depth analyses on the connections of visual centers also revealed that there are connections shared with those of mammals, and retinotopic organization of the ascending connections is maintained at least to the level of the diencephalon in the yellowfin goby. The major visual telencephalic center, or the lateral part of the dorsal telencephalon (Dl), shows considerable species differences in the number of regions and cytoarchitecture. In particular, four highly specialized compartments are noted in the Dl of gobies, and we analyzed about 100 species of teleosts to investigate the evolution of the compartments in the Dl, which indicated that four compartments emerged only in Gobiiformes, while there are fewer specialized compartments in some other percomorph lineages. We also discuss the connections of forebrain visual centers with the cerebellum and other lower brain centers and infer possible functions of the circuitries.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 2","pages":"105-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9292073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Time-Comparator Neural Circuits of Gymnotiform Electric Fishes. 裸子形电鱼的时间比较神经回路。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220071

Masashi Kawasaki

引用次数: 1

Growth-Promotion Effects of Dissolved Amino Acids in Three Species of Hynobius Salamander Hatchlings. 溶解氨基酸对三种蝾螈幼体生长的促进作用。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220040

Noboru Katayama, Keina Tanimura

{"title":"Growth-Promotion Effects of Dissolved Amino Acids in Three Species of Hynobius Salamander Hatchlings.","authors":"Noboru Katayama, Keina Tanimura","doi":"10.2108/zs220040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220040","url":null,"abstract":"It has been suggested that aquatic vertebrates may be able to meet their energy requirements by using the amino acids dissolved in environmental water. If this ability can be applied to aquatic organisms generally, then conventional ecological theories related to food web interactions should be revisited, as this would likely bring about significant advances in applications. Here, we prepared two 1 mM amino acid (phenylalanine and glycine) solutions in environmental water and conducted laboratory experiments to demonstrate the utilization of dissolved amino acids by hatchlings of three salamander species (Ezo: Hynobius retardatus, Tohoku: Hynobius lichenatus, and Japanese black: Hynobius nigrescens). Compared to controls (no amino acids in environmental water), the growth rate for Ezo salamanders was higher when larvae were reared in phenylalanine solution, while that for Japanese black salamanders was higher in glycine and phenylalanine solutions. Amino acids in environmental water had no effect on the growth of Tohoku salamanders. However, when growth was divided into early (days 1 to 5) and late (days 5 to 7) developmental stages, growth in early-developmental stage individuals was improved by phenylalanine treatment, even in Tohoku salamanders. The results showed that the growth of salamander larvae was improved when salamanders were reared in environmental water with high amino acid concentrations. Although aquatic bacteria may not have been removed completely from the environmental water, no other eukaryotes were present. Our results suggest an overlooked nutrient pathway in which aquatic vertebrates take up dissolved amino acids without mediation by other eukaryotes.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"13-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9231304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Nitrogen Source Uptake by the Bivalve Nuttallia olivacea Fed with ¹⁵N-Labeled Diatoms. 15n标记硅藻饲喂双壳藻对氮源吸收的评价。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220032

Kyoko Kinoshita, Kinuko Ito, Satoshi Katayama

{"title":"Evaluation of Nitrogen Source Uptake by the Bivalve Nuttallia olivacea Fed with 15N-Labeled Diatoms.","authors":"Kyoko Kinoshita, Kinuko Ito, Satoshi Katayama","doi":"10.2108/zs220032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220032","url":null,"abstract":"Marine diatoms are an important food resource for bivalves, but few experimental studies have evaluated diatom assimilation by bivalves. We conducted a laboratory experiment to investigate the ability of the suspension-feeding bivalve Nuttallia olivacea to utilize three common diatom species (planktonic diatoms Thalassiosira pseudonana and Skeletonema dohrnii and the benthic diatom Entomoneis paludosa) as food labeled with heavy nitrogen stable isotope (15N) by incubation in medium containing Na15NO3. The percentage of food-derived nitrogen in the organs of the bivalves increased over time, confirming that the bivalves were taking up dietary nitrogen from diatoms. The proportion of food-derived nitrogen from diatoms to bivalves appeared to be higher in planktonic species than in benthic species. However, it is possible that the benthic diatom intake by the bivalves in this study was underestimated because the substrate was not disturbed as would occur under field conditions. The percentage of food-derived nitrogen in bivalve organs tended to be highest in the digestive diverticula, followed by the foot, mantle, and siphon, regardless of diatom type. These findings suggest that N. olivacea may preferentially distribute nitrogen to organs other than the siphon, which is prone to continuous loss by fish predation.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"19-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9231305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Observation and Analysis of Preference Behavior Based on Three Types of Taxes and Locomotor Activity in the Goldfish, Carassius auratus. 基于三种税收和运动活动的金鱼偏好行为的比较观察与分析。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220059

Kyoka Shimizu, Keisuke Watanabe, Norifumi Konno, Tomoya Nakamachi, Kouhei Matsuda

{"title":"Comparative Observation and Analysis of Preference Behavior Based on Three Types of Taxes and Locomotor Activity in the Goldfish, Carassius auratus.","authors":"Kyoka Shimizu, Keisuke Watanabe, Norifumi Konno, Tomoya Nakamachi, Kouhei Matsuda","doi":"10.2108/zs220059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220059","url":null,"abstract":"Psychophysiological studies in vertebrates have focused on taxes as indicators of behavioral change. Actually, a considerable number of studies about anxiety-like and anti-anxiety-like behaviors involving geotaxis, scototaxis, and thigmotaxis have been conducted on fish. However, few analyses considering these behaviors based on taxes in fish have been conducted. Here, using goldfish, we measured the time spent in the bright or dark area of a horizontally long rectangular tank (HLRT), in the upper or lower area of a vertically long rectangular tank (VLRT), and in the central or edge area of a circular tank (CT), respectively, for the first 30 min and the last 30 min in a 3-h period after fish had been introduced to tanks. Dark, lower, and edge preference behaviors were observed for the first 30 min in all tanks. While dark and edge preference behaviors were maintained even for the last 30 min, the lower preference was lost. Swimming distance and the number of area crossings in each tank were also compared between the first 30 min and the last 30 min. Both decreased significantly or tended to decrease in the last 30 min in the HLRT and the CT, but no change was observed in the VLRT. These results suggest that, in goldfish, preference behavior is stable for a short time, and that environmental habituation may depend on the shape of the tank and the elapsed time.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9231308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gravitactic Swimming of the Planula Larva of the Coral Acropora: Characterization of Straightforward Vertical Swimming. 珊瑚尾螺浮藻幼虫的重力游泳:直接垂直游泳的特征。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220043

Asuka Takeda-Sakazume, Junko Honjo, Sachia Sasano, Kanae Matsushima, Shoji A Baba, Yoshihiro Mogami, Masayuki Hatta

{"title":"Gravitactic Swimming of the Planula Larva of the Coral Acropora: Characterization of Straightforward Vertical Swimming.","authors":"Asuka Takeda-Sakazume, Junko Honjo, Sachia Sasano, Kanae Matsushima, Shoji A Baba, Yoshihiro Mogami, Masayuki Hatta","doi":"10.2108/zs220043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220043","url":null,"abstract":"Vertical migration as well as horizontal dispersion is important in the ecological strategy of planktonic larvae of sedentary corals. We report in this paper unique vertical swimming behavior of planulae of the reef-building coral Acropora tenuis. Several days after fertilization, most of the planulae stayed exclusively at either the top or the bottom of the rearing tank. A good proportion of the planulae migrated almost vertically between top and bottom with fairly straight trajectories. Planulae sometimes switched their swimming direction via a sharp turn between the opposite directions. Quantitative analyses demonstrated that planulae kept constant speed while swimming either upward or downward, in contrast to frequent changes of direction and speed in horizontal swimming. Statistical comparison of propulsive speeds, estimated from swimming speeds and passive sedimentation, revealed gravikinesis of planulae, where the propulsive speed was significantly greater in downward swimming than upward swimming. The larval density hydrodynamically estimated was 0.25% lower than sea water density, which might be explained by the large quantity of lipids in planulae. Also, the deciliated larvae tended to orient oral end-up during floatation, presumably due to asymmetrical distribution of the endogenous light lipids. Plasticity of the larval tissue geometry could easily cause relocation of the center of forces which work together to generate gravitactic-orientation torque and, therefore, abrupt changing of the gravitactic swimming direction. The bimodal gravitactic behavior may give a new insight into dispersal and recruitment of coral larvae.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"44-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9215720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Fbxl4 Regulates the Photic Entrainment of Circadian Locomotor Rhythms in the Cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. fbx14调控双斑蟋蟀昼夜运动节律的光诱导。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220047

Kazuki Takeuchi, Mirai Matsuka, Tsugumichi Shinohara, Mayuko Hamada, Yasuaki Tomiyama, Kenji Tomioka

{"title":"Fbxl4 Regulates the Photic Entrainment of Circadian Locomotor Rhythms in the Cricket Gryllus bimaculatus.","authors":"Kazuki Takeuchi, Mirai Matsuka, Tsugumichi Shinohara, Mayuko Hamada, Yasuaki Tomiyama, Kenji Tomioka","doi":"10.2108/zs220047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220047","url":null,"abstract":"Photic entrainment is an essential property of the circadian clock that sets the appropriate timing of daily behavioral and physiological events. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the entrainment remain largely unknown. In the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus, the immediate early gene c-fosB plays an important role in photic entrainment, followed by a mechanism involving cryptochromes (crys). However, the association between c-fosB expression and crys remains unclear. In the present study, using RNA-sequencing analysis, we found that five Fbxl family genes (Fbxl4, Fbxl5, Fbxl16, Fbxl-like1, and Fbxl-like2) encoding F-box and leucine-rich repeat proteins are likely involved in the mechanism following light-dependent c-fosB induction. RNA interference (RNAi) of c-fosA/B significantly downregulated Fbxls expression, whereas RNAi of the Fbxl genes exerted no effect on c-fosB expression. The Fbxl genes showed rhythmic expression under light-dark cycles (LDs) with higher expression levels in early day (Fbxl16), whole day (Fbxl-like1), or day-to-early night (Fbxl4, Fbxl5, and Fbxl-like2), whereas their expression was reduced in the dark. We then examined the effect of their RNAi on the photic entrainment of the locomotor rhythm and found that RNAi of Fbxl4 either disrupted or significantly delayed the re-entrainment of the locomotor rhythm to shifted LDs. These results suggest that light-induced c-fosB expression stimulates Fbxl4 expression to reset the circadian clock.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"53-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9215721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A Relaxin-Like Gonad-Stimulating Peptide Appears in the Early Development of the Starfish Patiria pectinifera. 一种类似松弛素的性腺刺激肽出现在海星的早期发育中。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220058

Masatoshi Mita, Hidekazu Katayama, Kazutoshi Yamamoto, Yasushi Shibata, Masato Kiyomoto

引用次数: 1

Development of Genetic Markers for Sex and Individual Identification of the Japanese Giant Flying Squirrel (Petaurista leucogenys) by an Efficient Method Using High-Throughput DNA Sequencing. 利用高通量DNA测序技术开发日本鼯鼠性别和个体鉴定遗传标记。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs220045

Aki Sugita, Mayumi Shigeta, Noriko Tamura, Hiroyuki Okazaki, Nobuyuki Kutsukake, Yohey Terai

{"title":"Development of Genetic Markers for Sex and Individual Identification of the Japanese Giant Flying Squirrel (Petaurista leucogenys) by an Efficient Method Using High-Throughput DNA Sequencing.","authors":"Aki Sugita, Mayumi Shigeta, Noriko Tamura, Hiroyuki Okazaki, Nobuyuki Kutsukake, Yohey Terai","doi":"10.2108/zs220045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2108/zs220045","url":null,"abstract":"DNA markers that detect differences in the number of microsatellite repeats can be highly effective for genotyping individuals that lack differences in external morphology. However, isolation of sequences with different microsatellite repeat numbers between individuals has been a time-consuming process in the development of DNA markers. Individual identification of Japanese giant flying squirrels (Petaurista leucogenys) has been challenging because this species is arboreal and nocturnal and exhibits little to no morphological variation between individuals. In this study, we developed DNA markers for sex and individual identification of this species by an efficient method using high-throughput DNA sequence data. Paired-end 5 Gb (2 × 250 bp) and 15 Gb (2 × 150 bp) genome sequences were determined from a female and a male Japanese giant flying squirrel, respectively. We searched SRY and XIST genes located on Y and X chromosomes, respectively, from high-throughput sequence data and designed primers to amplify these genes. Using these primer sets, we succeeded to identify the sex of individuals. In addition, we selected 12 loci containing microsatellites with different numbers of repeats between two individuals from the same data set, and designed primers to amplify these sequences. Twenty individuals from nine different locations were discriminated using these primer sets. Furthermore, both sex and microsatellite markers were amplified from DNA extracted non-invasively from single fecal pellet samples. Based on our results for flying squirrels, we expect our efficient method for developing non-invasive high-resolution individual- and sex-specific genotyping to be applicable to a diversity of mammalian species.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"24-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10715442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0