Zoological Science最新文献_第10页

Growth, Feeding, and Age of the Inshore Hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri. 伯氏盲鳗的生长、摄食和年龄。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs240097

Yoko Yamaguchi

{"title":"Growth, Feeding, and Age of the Inshore Hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri.","authors":"Yoko Yamaguchi","doi":"10.2108/zs240097","DOIUrl":"10.2108/zs240097","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the growth of organisms is of fundamental importance in achieving the sustainable use of bioresources and/or the conservation of ecosystems. Hagfishes are oceanic scavengers that typically inhabit deep water and play an indispensable role in marine nutrient cycling. However, as the conventional methods for age determination are not applicable, the growth and lifespan of hagfishes are completely unknown. In the present study, the growth and feeding of the inshore hagfish (Eptatretus burgeri) in the laboratory were continuously monitored for an unprecedentedly long period (more than 1.4 years), with feeding once every 4-5 weeks. The animals displayed either positive/negative/zero growth across the experimental period. Eptatretus burgeri typically takes 8-10 days to digest food, and excretes all the gut contents at once as huge feces. Based on the growth, feeding and excretion data, it seems plausible that the wild populations feed at less than 2-week intervals. In addition, by adopting a recently developed technique to estimate fish age from the relative growth data, the age-size relationship in E. burgeri was explored. The generated growth curve predicted that the gonads start to develop only 4 years after hatching at the earliest. Eptatretus burgeri can live nearly 50 years, and the animals targeted in commercial hagfishery are mainly 6-9 years old. Moreover, additional insights into the oviposition cycle were obtained. The present study provides essential information for understanding the ecology of hagfishes and consequently highlights the putative vulnerability of wild hagfish populations to fishing and environmental stresses.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"42 3","pages":"299-308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Population Genetics of the Asian Parti-Colored Bat, Vespertilio sinensis: Insights into Seasonal Migration in the Japanese Archipelago. 亚洲半色蝙蝠的种群遗传学：对日本群岛季节性迁徙的见解。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs230119

Shumpei Kamiyama, Kuniko Kawai

{"title":"Population Genetics of the Asian Parti-Colored Bat, Vespertilio sinensis: Insights into Seasonal Migration in the Japanese Archipelago.","authors":"Shumpei Kamiyama, Kuniko Kawai","doi":"10.2108/zs230119","DOIUrl":"10.2108/zs230119","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding bat movement patterns is essential for epidemiology and bat conservation. However, such information is lacking in East Asia, including the Japanese archipelago. It is also unclear whether the straits surrounding the Japanese archipelago affect bat movement. We conducted a population genetic analysis for the Asian parti-colored bat (Vespertilio sinensis), distributed in Far East Russia and East Asia, including Japan. Samples were collected from three colonies in Hokkaido and eight in Honshu and sequenced for a mtDNA Cytochrome-b region. The population structure of this species was examined using phylogenetic and molecular variance analyses, which revealed a genetic separation between Hokkaido and Honshu; this suggested that the Tsugaru Strait, located between Hokkaido and Honshu, is a geographic barrier. Our demographic analysis revealed that V. sinensis of Hokkaido and Honshu had different population expansion histories. The genetic divergence between Hokkaido and Honshu further suggests that two-way migration across the Tsugaru Strait did not occur with V. sinensis. However, in the Mantel test, which was restricted to the Honshu population, the response to isolation by distance differed in summer and winter. This seasonal difference in response may indicate higher fidelity to summer roost or habitat compared to wintering areas. When combined with the results of a previous banding study, which showed that females exhibited two-way movement and males exhibited one-way movement, our findings support the conclusion that V. sinensis is migratory. These results provide new insights into the movement patterns of bat species within the Japanese archipelago.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"42 3","pages":"270-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A New Heteronemertean Genus with Variable Potential of Anterior Regeneration for Species Formerly Belonging to Lineus (Nemertea: Pilidiophora). 原属线蝇属具有可变前再生潜力的异尾蝇属新属（Nemertea: Pilidiophora）

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs240071

Jumpei Ikenaga, Svetlana A Maslakova, Manabu Yoshida, Hiroshi Kajihara

{"title":"A New Heteronemertean Genus with Variable Potential of Anterior Regeneration for Species Formerly Belonging to Lineus (Nemertea: Pilidiophora).","authors":"Jumpei Ikenaga, Svetlana A Maslakova, Manabu Yoshida, Hiroshi Kajihara","doi":"10.2108/zs240071","DOIUrl":"10.2108/zs240071","url":null,"abstract":"The heteronemertean genus Lineus Sowerby, 1805, currently accommodating about 100 species, is known to be non-monophyletic and is in a desperate need of taxonomic revision. In this article, we focus on a group of species including L. caputornatus Takakura, 1898, L. grubei (Hubrecht, 1879) auct., L. pictifrons Coe, 1904, and L. subcingulatus Takakura, 1898. These four morphologically similar species formed a clade to the exclusion of the type species, L. longissimus (Gunnerus, 1770), on a molecular phylogeny based on partial sequences of the 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, and histone H3 genes. For this clade we propose the name Bilucernus gen. nov. We redescribe L. grubei auct. from Japan as Bilucernus takakurai sp. nov. Bilucernus clade was nested within a larger clade that also contained members of Kulikovia Chernyshev, Polyakova, Turanov, and Kajihara, 2017, Lineopselloides Gibson, 1990, Siphonenteron Renier in Meneghini, 1847, and Tenuilineus Riser, 1993. We observed that body fragments from the intestinal region regenerated a head in B. caputornatus comb. nov. and B. subcingulatus comb. nov., but did not in B. takakurai sp. nov. The type specimen of Lineus bipunctatus Takakura, 1898 was most likely a regenerating individual of B. caputornatus comb. nov. We synonymize L. bipunctatus with L. caputornatus, giving nomenclatural priority to the latter. In addition, Lineus albifrons Coe, 1934 is herein also synonymized with L. caputornatus. We speculate that the unusually wide geographic distribution of B. caputornatus comb. nov. is related to its ability to regenerate head from fragments of body.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"42 2","pages":"228-239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Loss of Photoperiodic Control of Juvenile-Hormone Signaling Pathway Underlying the Evolution of Obligate Parthenogenesis in the Pea Aphid. 豌豆蚜虫专性孤雌生殖进化背后的幼激素信号通路光周期控制缺失。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs240075

Asano Ishikawa, Hiroki Gotoh, Kota Ogawa, Takashi Kanbe, Shin-Ichi Akimoto, Toru Miura

{"title":"Loss of Photoperiodic Control of Juvenile-Hormone Signaling Pathway Underlying the Evolution of Obligate Parthenogenesis in the Pea Aphid.","authors":"Asano Ishikawa, Hiroki Gotoh, Kota Ogawa, Takashi Kanbe, Shin-Ichi Akimoto, Toru Miura","doi":"10.2108/zs240075","DOIUrl":"10.2108/zs240075","url":null,"abstract":"Phenotypic plasticity, the ability of organisms to change their phenotype depending on external stimuli, enables their survival in fluctuating environments. An extreme example is polyphenism, in which a single genotype produces discrete phenotypes in response to external cues. However, under persistent environmental conditions, natural selection would favor reduced plasticity. This study focused on the loss of reproductive polyphenism and revealed the underlying mechanism in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. Although most populations exhibit reproductive polyphenism, known as cyclical parthenogenesis, with a seasonal shift between parthenogenesis and sexual reproduction, some exhibit obligate parthenogenesis. To investigate the potential role of changes in the environmental sensitivity of the juvenile hormone (JH) pathway during this evolutionary shift, we analyzed the expression of genes involved in JH synthesis and degradation. We found that five of seven JH-related genes exhibited photoperiodic responses in one cyclical-parthenogenetic strain, whereas none of them responded to photoperiod in the two obligate-parthenogenetic strains. Notably, CYP15A and JHEH genes, which are involved in the final step of JH synthesis and in the initiation of JH degradation, respectively, showed strong photoperiodic responses in the cyclical-parthenogenetic strain but showed no responses in the obligate-parthenogenetic strains. Acetone treatment induces male production in obligate-parthenogenetic strains, suggesting that the developmental pathway for male production remains functional in these strains. These results suggest that the loss of the photoperiodic response in both JH synthesis and degradation pathways is a key mechanism underlying the elimination of the sexual phase, resulting in the loss of reproductive polyphenism in aphids.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"42 2","pages":"186-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Not Ancient But Neotenic: Neotenactis amateras gen. et sp. nov., the First Record of a Gonactiniid Anemone from the North Pacific (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Enthemonae). 非古代而是新时代：Neotenactis amateras gen. et sp. nov.，北太平洋gonactinid海葵的首次记录（刺胞目：珊瑚虫目：海葵科）。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs240076

Takato Izumi, Takeya Moritaki

引用次数: 0

Feeding Strategy of Wild Japanese Martens (Martes melampus) in Northern Japan. 日本北部野生日本貂的摄食策略。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs240072

Sota Abe, Yamato Tsuji

{"title":"Feeding Strategy of Wild Japanese Martens (Martes melampus) in Northern Japan.","authors":"Sota Abe, Yamato Tsuji","doi":"10.2108/zs240072","DOIUrl":"10.2108/zs240072","url":null,"abstract":"Mustelids are omnivorous-frugivorous and exhibit temporal dietary switching and specialism; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We studied the feeding strategy of the Japanese marten (Martes melampus) in northern Japan by examining the relationship between dietary composition and abundance of main dietary items (fruits, mammals, and arthropods). The percentage of fruits in fecal samples over the study period (2020-2022) was much higher (65% in terms of the area percentage of the point-frame method) than that of arthropods (13%, with a higher proportion in spring) and mammals (11%, with a higher proportion in summer). The percentage of fruits in marten diets increased when abundance of arthropods and mammals was lower, which implies that Japanese martens are opportunistic feeders while being fruit-dependent. Different from other Martes species in boreal regions that depend more on small mammals, Japanese martens use a dietary switching strategy and prefer to eat fruits when they are seasonally available. The long-term variation in marten food habits implies that the ecological role of martens, such as controlling populations of prey animals and seed dispersal agents, can change transiently; therefore, monitoring the food environment is necessary to address inter-specific interactions in forest ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"42 2","pages":"178-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seasonal and Sex Differences in Arm Loss Frequency in Two Small Coastal Octopus Species (Octopus parvus and Hapalochlaena cf. fasciata). 两种小型海岸章鱼（小章鱼和斑尾章鱼）断臂频率的季节和性别差异。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs240042

Yuta Yamate, Keijiro Haruki, Takumi Ohya, Toshifumi Wada, Takeshi Takegaki

{"title":"Seasonal and Sex Differences in Arm Loss Frequency in Two Small Coastal Octopus Species (Octopus parvus and Hapalochlaena cf. fasciata).","authors":"Yuta Yamate, Keijiro Haruki, Takumi Ohya, Toshifumi Wada, Takeshi Takegaki","doi":"10.2108/zs240042","DOIUrl":"10.2108/zs240042","url":null,"abstract":"Cephalopods, as prey for predators of various taxa, frequently experience arm loss. Arm loss in octopods may arise not only from predation pressure but also species-specific reproductive ecology. Therefore, investigating the occurrence of arm loss may provide insights into various aspects of octopods' reproductive ecology. In this study, we explored the seasonal and sexual differences in arm loss occurrences in two small octopus species, the Japanese pygmy octopus, Octopus parvus, and the Japanese blue-lined octopus, Hapalochlaena cf. fasciata. Notably, O. parvus exhibited a higher arm loss rate compared with previously studied species, potentially attributable to its relatively small size and sublethal predation by large crabs sharing the species' intertidal habitat. Regarding H. cf. fasciata, arm loss in males and females tended to increase toward the spawning season, with males experiencing a more rapid increase. The smaller size of males and arm loss due to male-male conflict related to reproduction and sexual cannibalism during copulation are likely contributing factors. Additionally, the impact of arm loss on egg retention and protective measures may prompt females to adopt behaviors minimizing the risk of arm loss.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"42 2","pages":"165-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Three New Earthworm Species of the Genera Amynthas and Metaphire (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) From Leshan, China. 乐山无足蚓属和半足蚓属三新种（寡毛纲：大蚓科）。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs240010

Jiuzhuolin Ren, Yiting Liu, Shilin Zhang, Chengli Zheng, Youli Tan, Cheng Peng, Jihai Gao, Feixia Hou

{"title":"Three New Earthworm Species of the Genera Amynthas and Metaphire (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) From Leshan, China.","authors":"Jiuzhuolin Ren, Yiting Liu, Shilin Zhang, Chengli Zheng, Youli Tan, Cheng Peng, Jihai Gao, Feixia Hou","doi":"10.2108/zs240010","DOIUrl":"10.2108/zs240010","url":null,"abstract":"Based on morphological and molecular evidence, three new earthworm species of the genera Amynthas Kinberg, 1867 and Metaphire Sims and Easton, 1972 from Leshan City of southwest China's Sichuan Province were identified in this study. They are named Amynthas agenesis sp. nov., Metaphire jinhensis sp. nov., and M. ebianensis sp. nov. All three new species have a large size (the dimensions of the adult body are more than 200 mm × 10 mm) and three pairs of spermathecal pores in 6/7-8/9. Although these three new species are morphologically somewhat similar to the other species in the same group, they are distinguishable in several morphological characteristics. Metaphire jinhensis sp. nov. has paired and bunchy ovaries that are attached to septa 12/13. Metaphire ebianensis sp. nov. has large and well-developed prostate glands, and each of its seminal vesicles has a dorsal lobe. Amynthas agenesis sp. nov. has accessory glands in spermathecae, prostate, and intestinal caeca regions. The maximum likelihood tree was constructed based on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene, and it showed that the three new species are clustered on different branches. Besides, phylogenetic trees also suggested that the genera Amynthas and Metaphire did not evolve separately within their respective taxa and thus were not monophyletic. This study provides a detailed taxonomic characterization of three new species and helps to better understand the species diversity of earthworms, which is urgently needed to ensure the ecological stability of wild earthworms.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"42 2","pages":"206-218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cold Tolerance Variation in Local Populations of Hemidactylus frenatus: Acclimation or Adaptation? frenatus半爪螨地方种群的耐寒性变异：驯化还是适应？

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs240040

Shan-Dar Tao, Mamoru Toda

{"title":"Cold Tolerance Variation in Local Populations of Hemidactylus frenatus: Acclimation or Adaptation?","authors":"Shan-Dar Tao, Mamoru Toda","doi":"10.2108/zs240040","DOIUrl":"10.2108/zs240040","url":null,"abstract":"Tropical reptiles colonizing temperate regions face distinct physiological challenges due to thermal stress. Their long-term survival hinges on physiological acclimatization or adaptation to these novel thermal environments. Previous research on cold tolerance in introduced high-latitude Hemidactylus frenatus revealed that rural populations on Okinawajima Island, Japan exhibited significantly lower critical thermal minimum (CTmin) compared to their urban counterparts. However, whether this variation stems from acclimation or genetically fixed physiological differences remains unclear. To address this issue, we re-examined the cold tolerance of rural and urban populations after subjecting them to 2-week acclimation periods under high and low temperatures. Our experiments revealed that urban geckos exposed to the high-temperature treatment exhibited the highest CTmin, while rural geckos in the low-temperature treatment displayed the lowest CTmin. Urban geckos in the low-temperature treatment and rural geckos in the high-temperature treatment displayed intermediate CTmin values. These findings suggest that both acclimation and genetic differences contribute to the observed variations in cold tolerance among H. frenatus populations. The urban and rural populations are only 10 km apart, highlighting that evolutionary responses to thermal stress can occur rapidly over surprisingly small geographical scales in this species.","PeriodicalId":24040,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Science","volume":"42 2","pages":"171-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A New Species of Prosadenoporus (Nemertea: Eumonostilifera) from the North-East Coast of the Bay of Bengal, India. 标题印度孟加拉湾东北海岸Prosadenoporus属一新种（新亚纲：umonostilifera）。

IF 0.9 4区生物学

Zoological Science Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.2108/zs240094

Jhumpa Majhi, Soumik Dhara, Sudipta Kumar Ghorai

引用次数: 0