Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії最新文献

{"title":"CURRENT CHALLENGES OF HEPATITIS A IN UKRAINE DURING WARTIME: A LITERATURE REVIEW","authors":"M. Andrushchak, O.M. Bulik, A.D. Yuzko, M.O. Sokolenko, L.M. Goncharuk","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.149","url":null,"abstract":"Goal: to analyze the situation of the incidence of hepatitis A in Ukraine during wartime. \u0000Materials and methods. The literature review was carried out using search engines on the platforms PubMed and Google Scholar, abstract database of scientific literature Scopus. Articles in both English and Ukrainian languages were sought. Employing bibliographic and analytical methods, approximately 50 literary sources were scrutinized. These included review articles, randomized and cohort studies, as well as international recommendations for antiviral drug prescriptions, directives, Ukrainian and European protocols for managing hepatic infection. \u0000Results. Fulminant hepatitis is a rare occurrence, accounting for less than 1% of cases, although cholestatic forms and recurrent hepatitis have also been documented. Recurrent hepatitis typically manifests in about 3–20% of patients, usually occurring 3–12 weeks following the initial episode, with symptoms generally less severe than the initial presentation. Unlike other hepatitis viruses, HAV does not establish chronic infections. While extrahepatic manifestations of acute hepatitis A are uncommon, they may include neurological symptoms such as Guillain-Barré syndrome, rash, pancreatitis, arthritis, myocarditis, acute kidney injury, and hematologic disorders such as hemolysis and cryoglobulinemia. Numerous studies have indicated that disease severity and mortality associated with HAV infection are heightened among individuals with chronic liver disease, encompassing hepatitis B or C virus coinfection, alcoholic cirrhosis, and fatty liver disease. Chronic liver disease is prevalent in HIV patients due to factors such as coinfection with HBV or HCV, hepatotoxicity from antiviral medications, or alcoholic liver disease. This population may also face an elevated risk of acute or chronic liver failure. HAV infections represent the predominant cause of viral hepatitis globally. The epidemiology of HAV has undergone significant changes due to globalization and improved sanitation. Person-to-person transmission, particularly among high-risk populations such as men who have sex with men (MSM), individuals who use psychoactive substances, and those experiencing homelessness, predominates in high-income countries. \u0000Conclusion. However, outbreaks still occur despite the availability of safe, effective vaccines and long-term HGA vaccination recommendations for these individuals. Efforts should be made to develop resources aimed at raising awareness of HAV among high-risk populations and promoting vaccination. Additionally, the development of a specific antiviral treatment for HAV could be very helpful in preventing outbreaks of the virus.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"8 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141120275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROFESSIONAL MOTIVATION OF STUDENTS AS A FACTOR FOR INTEGRATING FUNDAMENTAL AND CLINICAL DISCIPLINES IN HIGHER MEDICAL EDUCATION","authors":"O. Z. Melnikova, O. Ivanchenko, K.I. Lurie, G.R. Michaelian","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.235","url":null,"abstract":"This article addresses the pressing issue of medical education: the integration of fundamental and clinical disciplines. Given the rapid pace of scientific and technological advancements, the professionalism of modern doctors largely relies on their natural and scientific training, which begins in the early stages of medical university education. Medical and biological physics play an important role in this training, but integrating them into medical education is challenging due to the complexity of the discipline's content, which students must grasp at the outset of their education, and the lack of understanding among first-year students about the connections between physics, mathematics, and medicine. \u0000The article discusses various approaches to teaching medical and biological physics, focusing on creating professional motivation among students to master fundamental sciences. It highlights the example of designing an X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanner as a means of motivating students to excel in their studies. The importance of leveraging students' prior knowledge from school textbooks on physics, biology, and chemistry to solve tasks fundamental to clinical practice is emphasized. Using the practical lesson topic “Physical foundations of X-ray diagnostics and X-ray therapy” as an example, the article demonstrates the need to focus on the properties of X-ray radiation relevant to medical applications, such as rheography, fluorography, and CT scans. Professional motivation is further enhanced through activities like participating in a biophysics scientific circle and visiting university clinics and training centers, where students can witness the practical application of their theoretical knowledge. The article underscores the importance of integrating fundamental and clinical disciplines while adhering to pedagogical principles such as scientific rigor, continuity, and consistency.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"16 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141122329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFICACY OF BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE A IN REDUCING CHRONIC TENSION HEADACHE IN PATIENTS WITH TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DYSFUNCTION","authors":"Ihor Anatoliiovych Shynchukovskyi","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.99","url":null,"abstract":"There is a notable prevalence of temporomandibular joint dysfunction, reaching approximately 34% in the general population according to the recent studies. Individuals with such dysfunction often experience tension headaches due to increased tension in the masticatory muscles, a key symptom of temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Botulinum toxin type A injections into these muscles are utilized to alleviate the dysfunction, as this drug inhibits neuromuscular impulses, thereby reducing muscle tension. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of alleviating chronic tension headaches in patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction through botulinum toxin type A injections into trigger points of the masticatory muscles. Sixty patients exhibiting signs of temporomandibular joint dysfunction and chronic tension headaches participated in the study. They were randomly assigned to either an experimental group receiving botulinum toxin type A injections or a control group receiving saline injections into the masticatory muscles. Injections were administered at sites with the highest muscle tension in the masseter and temporalis muscles. The reduction in chronic tension-type headaches was evaluated using a visual analogue pain scale. The results indicated a statistically significant decrease in headache intensity in the experimental group compared to the control group (P<0.001). Furthermore, the experimental group demonstrated significant treatment efficacy based on headache intensity before and after 12 weeks from the drug administration date (P<0.001).","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"55 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141121461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STRATEGIES TO MITIGATE THE IMPACT OF POST-COVID-19 SYNDROME ON HIGHER EDUCATION QUALITY","authors":"T. I. Yarmola, O.V. Vlasova, L. Tkachenko, N. Moisieieva, A.V. Vakhnenko","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.200","url":null,"abstract":"The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has left a profound impact not only on the physical health of humanity but also on neurological, social, and ecological well-being. Neurological and psychological disorders resulting from the pandemic have negatively affected the quality of learning and significantly worsened learning outcomes among students in higher education institutions. The purpose of this study is to compare the prevalence and evaluate the symptoms of post-COVID syndrome, and to identify their impact on the quality of education among senior students in two higher educational institutions: Poltava State Medical University and Poltava National Pedagogical University named after V.G. Korolenko. \u0000It has been observed that damage to the nervous system and the simultaneous appearance of a combination of symptoms including headache, memory impairment, insomnia, anxiety, unmotivated weakness, and excessive fatigue are significantly high among students of both universities. The aforementioned complaints, along with the need for increased time to complete educational tasks post-illness, memory impairment, and sleep disturbances, indicate that the academic performance, psychological state, and psychosomatic background of students are at a low level. Therefore, it is essential to develop recommendations for cognitive rehabilitation tailored to this group of students, considering their significant educational workload (samples were collected from senior students). \u0000Moreover, the low and moderate physical activity levels of senior students in higher education may exacerbate symptoms of post-COVID-19 syndrome, necessitating the development of recommendations for physical rehabilitation. Students experiencing weakness, increased fatigue, reduced work capacity, sleep disturbances, and mood instability should consider reviewing the organization of the educational process, especially in distance learning conditions, and making lifestyle changes accordingly. Therefore, thoroughly elaborated healthcare recommendations and rehabilitation measures to enhance the quality of the educational process should be implemented into healthcare practice.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"75 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141123376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ROLE OF NF-κB TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR ACTIVATION IN THE PROCESSES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE COMPONENTS DEGRADATION IN SKELETAL MUSCLES UNDER METABOLIC SYNDROME","authors":"O. Akimov, A. Mykytenko, A. Mischenko, V. Kostenko","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.104","url":null,"abstract":"Connective tissue, encompassing both cellular and non-cellular elements, plays an important role in the progression of numerous pathological processes across various organs and tissues. Within skeletal muscle tissue, the extracellular matrix not only plays a structural and supporting function, but it is a complex multicomponent system that performs a number of regulatory functions. At present, the effect of activation of the transcription factor NF-κB on the quantitative and qualitative composition of the components of the extracellular matrix in skeletal muscles under metabolic syndrome development is insufficiently studied. The aim of this work is to study the effect of ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate on the concentration of glycosaminoglycans, the concentration of individual fractions of glycosaminoglycans, the content of free L-oxyproline and sialic acids in the biceps femoris muscle of rats under metabolic syndrome. The study was conducted on 24 male Wistar rats weighing 200-260 g, which were randomly divided into 4 groups of 6 animals each. The first was control; the second made up the metabolic syndrome modeling group. Metabolic syndrome was reproduced by adding a 20% fructose solution to the standard vivarium diet as the only source of drinking water. Metabolic syndrome was modelled for 60 days. The third group received ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate administration at a dose of 76 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i/p) three times a week for 60 days. The fourth group underwent combined treatment involving the administration of both ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate and metabolic syndrome modeling. In a 10% homogenate of the biceps femoris muscle, the total concentration of glycosaminoglycans, the concentration of the heparin-heparan fraction of glycosaminoglycans, the keratan-dermatan fraction of glycosaminoglycans, the chondroitin fraction of glycosaminoglycans, and the content of free L-oxyproline and sialic acids were assessed. \u0000The introduction of ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate under metabolic syndrome modelling led to a decrease in the total concentration of glycosaminoglycans by 9.2% compared to the metabolic syndrome group. Under these conditions, the concentration of the heparin-heparan fraction increased by 121.1%, the keratan-dermatan fraction decreased by 32.8%, and the concentration of the chondroitin fraction decreased by 38.7% compared to the metabolic syndrome group. The concentration of free L-oxyproline and sialic acids in the biceps femoris muscle decreased by 19.8% and 24.4%, respectively, compared to the metabolic syndrome group. Blockade of activation of the transcription factor NF-κB by intraperitoneal administration of ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate against the background of metabolic syndrome modelling leads to a decrease in the depolymerization of glycoproteins and proteoglycans, reduces the intensity of collagenolysis and leads to a redistribution of concentrations of individual fractions of glycosami","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"97 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141122591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IN SILICO PREDICTION OF POTENTIAL DERMATOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF A SYNTHETIC ANTIOXIDANT","authors":"O. Y. Baliuk, E.M. Vazhnichaya","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.108","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, in silico prediction has become standard in the development of new drugs. Computer screening of known drugs provides an efficient approach to repurposing these agents for new indications. This sparked our interest in conducting an in silico analysis of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate (EMHPS) for pharmacological effects potentially useful in dermatology. \u0000The aim of this study is to perform an in silico search for the effects of the synthetic antioxidant EMHPS that are potentially useful for the treatment of skin diseases. \u0000Retrospective computer prediction of the EMGPS structure was performed using the Drug2ways methodical approach and the PASS (Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances) program online. \u0000The EMHPS molecule consists of two active fragments, which were analyzed separately. In the structure of 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine, 125 types of activity were predicted, while in succinate - 734 types of activity. From the array of prognostic data, effects that may be relevant for the treatment of skin diseases were extracted. These include anti-seborrheic, anti-alopecia, anti-eczema, anti-pruritic, and anti-infectious effects, as well as photosensitizing action and lack of skin irritation. According to the forecast, these effects may be due to the influence of the components of the EMHPS molecule on membranes, antioxidant protection, the state of connective tissue, enzymes, and signaling pathways involved in the development of inflammation, as well as on the pathogenicity factors of microorganisms. \u0000Therefore, in silico screening of new types of activity in EMHPS allowed us to predict some effects useful in the treatment of dermatological pathology. Undoubtedly, the results of the forecast must be verified by practice, but they allow us to create a working hypothesis and approach the planning of experiments more rationally, which corresponds to modern trends in pharmacology.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141119627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DENTAL CARIES IN CHILDREN OF POLTAVA BEFORE AND DURING THE FIRST YEAR OF WAR (retrospective analysis over 20 years)","authors":"A. S. Mosiienko, S. S. Bauman, O. Sheshukova","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.175","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the military conflict and the COVID-19 pandemic, Ukraine and the city of Poltava are facing challenges in medical services, including dentistry. Analyzing the dynamics of caries treatment in children in Poltava before and during the war is crucial for assessing the impact of wartime on the municipal dental care system. The aim of this study is to analyze the dynamics of caries treatment in children based on annual reports from the Municipal Pediatric Clinical Dental Polyclinic before and during the wartime. \u0000A retrospective analysis of the statistical reporting of the Municipal Pediatric Clinical Dental Polyclinic for the years 2002, 2012, and 2018-2022 was conducted. During the analysis, annual indicators of the Polyclinic were studied, including the total number of visits, number of primary visits, number of treated teeth due to caries and its complications in temporary and permanent teeth. Calculations included the average number of visits per person, the proportion of complicated caries in temporary and permanent teeth, and the quality indicator of complicated caries treatment. \u0000The study revealed a 51.43% decrease in clinic visits over the last 20 years. In 2022, there was a sharp increase in primary visits to 24,655, possibly due to internally displaced children. The number of filled permanent teeth increased by 25% in 2022 compared to 2021. The proportion of complicated caries in temporary teeth significantly rose from 0.23 to 0.84 from 2002 to 2022. Additionally, there was a 25% increase in the absolute values of the quality indicator of complicated caries treatment in temporary teeth from 2002 to 2012 and a 12% increase up to 2022, indicating a rise in the number of cases of treating complicated caries in temporary teeth by extraction. \u0000These findings highlight the need for further research on the war's impact on the prevalence of caries and its complications in the pediatric population. This research is crucial for developing effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of dental diseases.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141119758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INDICATORS OF CENTRAL HEMODYNAMICS IN ACQUIRED MYOPIA","authors":"А.Yu. Ivasenko, V.І. Sheiko","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.27","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The presented study focuses on investigating the impact of acquired myopia on human central hemodynamics. Myopia, or nearsightedness, ranks as one of the most common ophthalmological disorders globally and in Ukraine, manifesting either congenitally or acquired over a lifetime. Ophthalmology specialists note a rapid increase in myopia cases across all age groups, with its prevalence posing a significant threat to vision and overall health. Viewing myopia as an adaptive response to a substantial visual strain one can presume that this adaptation might not be localized but generalized. \u0000The objective of the study is to examine the characteristics of central hemodynamics in individuals with acquired myopia. \u0000Materials and methods. The research was conducted on volunteers, 81 individuals aged 18 – 35, who were divided into a control group of 40 persons and a study group of 41 individuals diagnosed as having myopia. The diagnosis was established by specialists in Dnipro. The study was carried out at the General Practice Family Medicine Clinic No. 7 in Dnipro during 2022-2023. Central hemodynamic status was characterized by the following indicators: heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, systolic blood volume, and minute blood volume. The Kerdo’s vegetative index was also calculated. \u0000 Results. The study revealed that acquired myopia was accompanied by an increase in the absolute values of heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, and minute blood volume compared to the control group of volunteers. It is noteworthy that the systolic blood volume in the context of acquired myopia was lower than in the control group. The Kerdo’s index was higher in the group with acquired myopia compared to the control group. The obtained results indicate a certain dependency between central hemodynamics indicators, the Kerdo’s index value, and acquired myopia, which is an adaptive reaction of the visual system to significant loads in the modern information-cybernetic society. Changes in central hemodynamics indicators in individuals with myopia may reflect certain adaptive reactions of the cardiovascular system to this eye refraction disorder.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"24 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141120526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION","authors":"N. Tkachenko, O. Protsenko, N. Remnyova, L. Chumak, O. Maznyi","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.141","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to conduct a retrospective analysis of the clinical, epidemiological, and pathomorphological features of myocardial infarction. \u0000Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using data from medical records and autopsy results from the pathology department for the year 2023. \u0000Results. In 2023, the pathology department performed 182 autopsies, with 123 patients diagnosed with acute, repeated, or recurrent myocardial infarction (MI), accounting for 67.6% of all autopsies. The average age of the deceased was 74.4±0.9 years, with 81.3% being persons of incapacitated age. Women comprised the majority at 55.3% (T=2784.5; p=0.001). The highest proportion of MI-related deaths occurred in September, accounting for 12.2%. \u0000In the pathological diagnosis, myocardial infarction (MI) was the primary disease, with varying localization of the pathological process in the left ventricle. Transmural MI was detected in 95.9% of the deceased, while subendocardial MI was found in 4.1%. Acute MI developed against the background of a previously experienced MI in 43.9% of cases, and in 5.5% of cases, it was a repeated acute recurrent MI. Changes in the aorta, coronary vessels, and basal vessels of the brain were observed in 100.0% of the cases, with hypertensive disease detected in 95.9% of cases. Acute cardiopulmonary failure with the development of pulmonary edema was the immediate cause of death in 95.9% of cases. \u0000Macroscopic examination revealed hypertrophy of the left ventricle. The myocardium appeared reddish-brown and elastic, with white layers. Brown-gray infarct areas of different sizes were present in the left ventricular wall, while in cases of repeated acute myocardial infarction, the affected area was gray-white and hard to the touch. Microscopically, hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes of the left ventricle with perinuclear lipofuscinosis was observed in all deceased individuals. Sections of the infarct zone contained homogenized, anucleated, fragmented cardiomyocytes, dilated full blood vessels with small perivascular hemorrhages, and neutrophilic-macrophage infiltrates of varying intensity. Large centers of cardiosclerosis were detected in cases of repeated MI, while signs of angiogenesis with the formation of granulation tissue were observed in cases of recurrent MI. \u0000Conclusion. In 2023, 123 autopsies revealed a diagnosis of acute, repeated, or recurrent myocardial infarction (MI) in 67.6% of all cases. The average age of the deceased was 74.4±0.9 years, with 81.3% being individuals of incapacitated age. There was a predominance of women, accounting for 55.3% of cases. Acute MI developed against the background of a previously experienced one in 43.9% of the deceased, while repeated acute recurrent MI was detected in 5.5% of cases. Pathomorphological changes corresponded to the typical features of MI depending on its age.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"100 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141122436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“COGNITIVE FRAGMENTATION” AS A CONSEQUENCE OF CLIP THINKING AND ITS IMPACT ON MODERN SOCIETY EVOLUTION","authors":"A. Mohylnyk, L. Vishnikina, K. Tarasenko, S. Suprunenko, A. Davydenko","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.250","url":null,"abstract":"In today’s information-saturated world, individuals are inundated with verbal and visual messages, leading to the development of what is termed “clip thinking” as an adaptive response. This phenomenon, characterized by constant interaction with superficial and nonsensical texts, alongside continuous internet browsing, has profound implications beyond mere cognition. \u0000Clip thinking, a systemic issue, extends its influence beyond cognitive processes. Its roots lie in the transmission of information through modern gadgets, the ubiquity of the internet, and the prevalence of clip culture. Modern youth, constrained by the small screens of digital devices and the constant scrolling of text, are increasingly averse to engaging with complex material, resulting in decreased information retention and comprehension. \u0000This shift in information consumption habits has concerning implications for higher education. Many students rely heavily on electronic aids, neglecting memorization and overlooking the importance of understanding complex texts. Consequently, the prevalence of fragmented thinking among students leads to deficiencies in conceptual and critical thinking skills. Instead of engaging deeply with subject matter, students often resort to generalized concepts, overlooking causal connections. \u0000Carriers of clip thinking become vulnerable to any manipulations by the mass media, as the mosaic nature of their consciousness is capable perceive only what is happening right now and information provided through information and telecommunication gadgets without subjecting it to critical analysis. Hence, university lecturers face significant challenges as they endeavor to navigate the need for innovative teaching methodologies in light of the fragmented thinking prevalent among modern students. \u0000The searching for innovative teaching technologies should not solely aim at altering the thinking patterns of students with clip-like cognitive tendencies. Rather, the primary objective of modern educational technologies should be to foster the mental skills necessary for information analysis and synthesis, as well as the identification of similarities and differences, generalizations, and classifications within the information landscape. Hence, this topic retains its profound relevance in contemporary education.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"66 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141121520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}