Zoonoses and Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Unveiling the Transmission Potential of Opisthorchis viverrini and Intestinal Helminths Along the Thailand-Laos Border in Thailand","authors":"Veerachai Thitapakorn,&nbsp;Teva Phanaksri,&nbsp;Siraphatsorn Yusuk,&nbsp;Montinee Pholhelm,&nbsp;Opal Pitaksakulrat,&nbsp;Jutharat Kulsantiwong,&nbsp;Thanakrit Sathavornmanee,&nbsp;Anthicha Kunjantarachot,&nbsp;Thittinan Rojthongpond,&nbsp;Yanwadee Chitkoolsamphan,&nbsp;Sattrachai Prasopdee","doi":"10.1111/zph.13177","DOIUrl":"10.1111/zph.13177","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In pursuit of enhancing prevention efforts for the notably high endemic <i>Opisthorchis viverrini</i> infection in lower Mekong sub-region countries, particularly Thailand and Laos, this cross-sectional study investigated the transmission potential of <i>O. viverrini</i> and other intestinal helminths along the Thailand-Laos border in seven Thai villages.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Human and pet faecal samples, <i>Bithynia</i> snails and cyprinid fish were analysed for helminth infections. Additionally, a questionnaire survey assessed relevant risk factors among the human population. Two groups of helminth infections were detected in humans: foodborne infections (FBIs) including <i>O. viverrini</i>, minute intestinal flukes (MIFs), and <i>Taenia</i> spp., and soil-transmitted infections (STIs) including hookworm and <i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i>, with prevalence rates of 7.4%, 0.5%, 2.5%, 0.5%, 2.5% and 3%, respectively. Smoking was identified as a risk factor for <i>O. viverrini</i> infection [adjusted odds ratios (ORa) = 3.12, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.33–7.30, <i>p</i> = 0.009] and FBIs (ORa = 2.47, 95% CI: 1.14–5.33, <i>p</i> = 0.022), while male was a risk factor for FBIs (ORa = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.16–5.94, <i>p</i> = 0.021). In dogs, hookworm, <i>Toxocara</i> spp., <i>Spirometra mansoni</i>, <i>Trichuris vulpis</i> and <i>Hymenolepis diminuta</i> were identified with prevalence rates of 35.6%, 8.1%, 8.1%, 1.2% and 1.2%, respectively. In cats, hookworm, <i>Toxocara</i> spp., <i>S. mansoni</i>, <i>Strongyloides</i> spp., <i>Platynosomum fastosum</i>, MIFs and <i>H. diminuta</i> were identified with prevalence rates of 50%, 17.9%, 10.7%, 7.1%, 3.6%, 3.6% and 3.6%, respectively. <i>Bithynia</i> snails showed 2% virgulate and 0.7% unknown cercariae infections, while among 19 cyprinid fish species, only unknown metacercariae were found.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings underscore the necessity of an integrated approach following the One Health concept to effectively combat these parasitic diseases while addressing human, animal and environmental health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 8","pages":"942-954"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142005479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Updated Review on the Spatial Distribution of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Across Ticks, Animals and Humans in Northeastern China and Adjacent Regions","authors":"Ruixuan Dong,&nbsp;Ruying Fang,&nbsp;Xin Yang,&nbsp;Yifan Sun,&nbsp;Yinsheng Zhang,&nbsp;Sen Li","doi":"10.1111/zph.13176","DOIUrl":"10.1111/zph.13176","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lyme disease is a tick-borne zoonotic disease caused by <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> sensu lato and is prevalent in northeastern Asia, particularly in the forested area of Northeastern China. However, a lack of systematic data on the spatial distribution of <i>B. burgdorferi</i> in this region hinders the prediction of its transmission risk across the landscape.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To provide an updated overview and establish a comprehensive spatial distribution database, we conducted a systematic review of literature published between 2000 and 2022. We collected and compiled relevant data on <i>B. burgdorferi</i> in Northeastern China and its neighbouring regions, outlining its distribution in ticks, wild animals, livestock and humans. Spatial analysis was performed to identify spatial clusters of tick positivity and host infection rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From a total of 1823 literature, we selected 110 references to compile 626 detection records of <i>B. burgdorferi</i>, including 288 in ticks, 109 in wildlife, 111 in livestock and domestic animals and 100 in humans. The average detection rate of <i>B. burgdorferi</i> in ticks was approximately 20%, with wildlife, livestock and domestic animal host positivity rates below 50% and human seroprevalence rates varying from 0.94% to 44.18%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study identified the presence of 17 tick species and ten genotypes of <i>B. burgdorferi</i> in the region, indicating a broad distribution. Notably, <i>B. burgdorferi</i> exhibited notable clustering, particularly in the central and eastern areas of Jilin Province, warranting further investigation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 7","pages":"763-778"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141989070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecology and molecular analysis of sand flies in Bambuí, Minas Gerais, Brazil: Implications for leishmaniasis surveillance","authors":"Gustavo Mayr de Lima Carvalho,&nbsp;Felipe Dutra-Rêgo,&nbsp;José Dilermando Andrade-Filho","doi":"10.1111/zph.13173","DOIUrl":"10.1111/zph.13173","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Leishmaniasis stands out as a public health problem in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, especially in the Midwest region. However, the entomological aspects in several municipalities remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the sand fly fauna in Bambuí, encompassing ecological dynamics and molecular detection of <i>Leishmania</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Monthly collections were conducted using CDC light traps from September 2018 to August 2020 across 16 selected points with urban and rural characteristics, chosen based on the coverage area of the Municipal Health Department and the occurrence of canine and human visceral leishmaniasis (VL) cases. Ecological indices of the sand fly population (<i>Chao1</i>, Shannon, Simpson and Pielou) were assessed, and sand fly abundance was correlated to climatic variables (humidity, temperature and rainfall).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 8838 specimens representing 17 species within nine genera were collected (estimated species richness by Chao 1 estimator = 17; SE ± 1.8). Predominantly, <i>Lutzomyia longipalpis</i>, <i>Nyssomyia whitmani</i> and <i>Evandromyia cortelezzii</i> constituted approximately 98% of all captured sand flies. While species richness and diversity displayed variations throughout the study, a positive correlation emerged between temperature (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001; <i>r</i> = 0.7767), monthly rainfall (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001; <i>r</i> = 0.7810) and sand fly abundance. Molecular analysis revealed <i>Leishmania</i> DNA in 2.05% of female sand flies, with the presence of <i>Leishmania infantum</i> in <i>Lu. longipalpis</i> and both <i>Le. infantum</i> and <i>Leishmania braziliensis</i> in <i>Ev. cortelezzii</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The entomological data, coupled with the occurrence of autochthonous cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis, offer valuable insights for evidence-based strategies to prevent leishmaniasis in Bambuí.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 8","pages":"925-932"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orthoflavivirus surveillance in the Netherlands: Insights from a serosurvey in horses & dogs and a questionnaire among horse owners","authors":"Kiki Streng,&nbsp;Renate W. Hakze-van der Honing,&nbsp;Heather Graham,&nbsp;Sophie van Oort,&nbsp;Pauline A. de Best,&nbsp;Ayat Abourashed,&nbsp;Wim H. M. van der Poel","doi":"10.1111/zph.13171","DOIUrl":"10.1111/zph.13171","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Zoonotic arboviruses (<i>ar</i>thropod-<i>bo</i>rne) of the <i>Orthoflavivirus</i> genus, such as West Nile virus (WNV), Usutu virus (USUV) and Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), are emerging in Northwestern Europe and pose a threat to both human and animal health. In the Netherlands, passive symptomatic surveillance (notification of clinical cases) in horses is one of the main pillars for the early detection of WNV. For such passive surveillance to work properly, horse owners and veterinarians need to recognize symptoms and report suspected cases to the authorities. Currently, little is known about the seroprevalence of orthoflaviviruses in domestic animals in the Netherlands. Therefore, this study aims at identifying the seroprevalence of WNV and USUV in horses and dogs in the Netherlands. Additionally, this study seeks to evaluate the knowledge and perceptions of Dutch horse owners towards mosquito-borne viruses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional serosurvey in horses and dogs was conducted between May 2021 and May 2022. Serum samples were screened using an ELISA and doubtful and positive samples were confirmed by Virus Neutralization Tests for WNV, USUV and TBEV. A validated questionnaire, the MosquitoWise survey, was used to assess the knowledge and perceptions of Dutch horse owners towards mosquito-borne viruses between July and October 2022. The serosurvey revealed a low seroprevalence for WNV in horses and no WNV-positive dogs were found. Similarly, a low USUV seroprevalence was found in dogs. The MosquitoWise survey revealed a high knowledge level for horse owners and high awareness of WNV vaccination but a more limited intent to vaccinate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The low seroprevalences of WNV and USUV indicate many dogs and horses remain susceptible, offering opportunities for trend analysis and surveillance. However, despite multiple recent detections of WNV, USUV, and TBEV in humans, the role of dogs and horses in early detection of human cases is debatable. High awareness among horse owners and the absence of detected equine WNV cases highlight this uncertainty. Continued surveillance is crucial for detecting increased virus circulation and protecting both animal and human health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 8","pages":"900-910"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/zph.13171","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Livestock-associated spatial risk factors for human salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis","authors":"Annemieke Christine Mulder,&nbsp;Lapo Mughini-Gras,&nbsp;Jan van de Kassteele,&nbsp;Sara Lynn Blanken,&nbsp;Roan Pijnacker,&nbsp;Eelco Franz","doi":"10.1111/zph.13170","DOIUrl":"10.1111/zph.13170","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most human infections with non-typhoid <i>Salmonella</i> (NTS) or <i>Campylobacter</i> are zoonotic in nature and acquired though consumption of contaminated food of mainly animal origin. However, individuals may also acquire salmonellosis or campylobacteriosis through non-foodborne transmission pathways, such as those mediated by the environment. This emphasizes the need to consider both direct and indirect exposure to livestock sources as a possible transmission route for NTS and <i>Campylobacter</i>. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing whether salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis incidence is spatially associated with exposure to livestock (i.e. small ruminants, dairy cows, veal calves, laying hens, broiler chickens and pigs) in the Netherlands for the years 2007–2019 and 2014–2019 respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Risk factors (population-weighted number of animals) and their population attributable fractions were determined using a Poisson regression model with a log-link function fitted using integrated nested Laplace approximation. The analyses were performed for different hexagonal sizes (90, 50, 25 and 10 km²) and accounted for geographical coverage of the diagnostic laboratory catchment areas. Moreover, serological data were used to look into the possible effects of acquired immunity due to repeated exposure to the pathogen through the environment that would potentially hinder the analyses based on the incidence of reported cases. A linear mixed-effects model was then fitted where the postal code areas were included as a random effect. Livestock was not consistently significantly associated with acquiring salmonellosis or campylobacteriosis in the Netherlands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results showed that living in livestock-rich areas in the Netherlands is not a consistently significant, spatially restricted risk factor for acquiring salmonellosis or campylobacteriosis, thereby supporting current knowledge that human infections with <i>Salmonella</i> and <i>Campylobacter</i> are mainly foodborne.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 8","pages":"876-899"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/zph.13170","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Illinois companion animal veterinarians' antimicrobial prescription practices and the factors that influence their decisions when treating bacterial infections in dogs and cats","authors":"Setyo Yudhanto,&nbsp;Jennifer M. Reinhart,&nbsp;Clarissa Pimentel de Souza,&nbsp;Alexandria Gochenauer,&nbsp;William E. Sander,&nbsp;Chien-Che Hung,&nbsp;Carol W. Maddox,&nbsp;Csaba Varga","doi":"10.1111/zph.13172","DOIUrl":"10.1111/zph.13172","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Judicious antimicrobial use in companion animal practice is critical for maintaining the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents against bacterial infections and reducing the selection of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. This study aimed to provide insights into companion animal veterinarians' antimicrobial treatment recommendations for common bacterial infections in dogs and cats and describe the factors influencing their prescription choices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An online survey using QualtricsXM® software was administered between September and November 2022 to companion animal veterinarians who were Illinois State Veterinary Medical Association members. Descriptive and text analyses were conducted to assess the participants' responses. A total of 78 surveys were included in the analysis. Skin infections were ranked as the most common bacterial infections for which veterinarians prescribed antimicrobial agents, followed by ear, urinary tract, respiratory, and enteric infections. The severity of clinical symptoms and the results of bacterial culture and susceptibility tests were the most influential factors for veterinarians when making antimicrobial prescription choices. Veterinarians were aware of the current antimicrobial prescription guideline recommendations when prescribing antimicrobials empirically to nine hypothetical scenarios of bacterial infections. According to the results of the text analysis that assessed veterinarians' responses to an open-ended question, regarding their challenges when prescribing antimicrobial agents, the pairwise correlation of word frequencies within each response showed the highest correlations between the words ‘owner’ and ‘compliance’, ‘administration’ and ‘route’, ‘cost’ and ‘culture’, and ‘patients’ and ‘acceptance’.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study results can support animal health stakeholders in the development of antimicrobial stewardship programmes to promote appropriate antimicrobial use and limit the emergence of antimicrobial resistance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 8","pages":"911-924"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/zph.13172","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141752961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The rising incidence of feline and cat-transmitted sporotrichosis in Latin America","authors":"Mariana Tibúrcio Santos,&nbsp;Luiz Fernando de Jesus Nascimento,&nbsp;Ana Andrea Teixeira Barbosa,&nbsp;Maira Pompeu Martins,&nbsp;Gabriel Isaias Lee Tunon,&nbsp;Patrícia Oliveira Meira Santos,&nbsp;Filipe Dantas-Torres,&nbsp;Silvio Santana Dolabella","doi":"10.1111/zph.13169","DOIUrl":"10.1111/zph.13169","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous mycosis caused by different species of thermodimorphic fungi belonging to the genus <i>Sporothrix</i>. These fungi may affect a wide range of warm-blooded animals, including humans, dogs and, mainly, cats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this article, we conducted a narrative literature review about the status of feline and cat-transmitted sporotrichosis in Latin American countries, with emphasis on Brazil.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From a global perspective, Latin America is one of the main foci of human and feline sporotrichosis. In humans, the disease has been reported in several countries, with endemic transmission occurring in Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico and Uruguay. <i>Sporothrix brasiliensis</i> is the most common species identified in human cases in Brazil, whereas <i>Sporothrix schenckii</i> predominates in other countries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Domestic cats are the main source of infection in the zoonotic transmission cycle of sporotrichosis in Latin America. Cases of feline sporotrichosis have been reported in several countries, including Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay and Peru.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 6","pages":"609-619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141752992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Campylobacter assessment along the Spanish food chain: Identification of key points","authors":"Carlos Sacristán,&nbsp;Antonio Rodríguez,&nbsp;Irene Iglesias,&nbsp;Ana de la Torre","doi":"10.1111/zph.13165","DOIUrl":"10.1111/zph.13165","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Campylobacteriosis, caused by <i>Campylobacter</i> spp., is one of the most important foodborne zoonotic diseases in the world and a common cause of gastroenteritis. In the European Union, campylobacteriosis is considered the most common zoonotic disease, with over 10,000 cases in 2020 alone. This high occurrence highlights the need of more efficient surveillance methods and identification of key points.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Herein, we evaluated and identified key points of <i>Campylobacter</i> spp. occurrence along the Spanish food chain during 2015–2020, based on the following variables: product, stage and region. We analysed a dataset provided by the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition using a machine learning algorithm (random forests). <i>Campylobacter</i> presence was influenced by the three selected explanatory variables, especially by product, followed by region and stage. Among the studied products, meat, especially poultry and sheep, presented the highest probability of occurrence of <i>Campylobacter</i>, where the bacterium was present in the initial, intermediate and final stages (e.g., wholesale, retail) of the food chain. The presence in final stages may represent direct consumer exposure to the bacteria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclussions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>By using the random forest method, this study contributes to the identification of <i>Campylobacter</i> key points and the evaluation of control efforts in the Spanish food chain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 6","pages":"755-762"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/zph.13165","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular detection of Coxiella burnetii in ticks collected from animals and the environment in Uganda","authors":"Wilfred Eneku,&nbsp;Bernard Erima,&nbsp;Anatoli Maranda Byaruhanga,&nbsp;Nora Cleary,&nbsp;Gladys Atim,&nbsp;Titus Tugume,&nbsp;Qouilazoni Aquino Ukuli,&nbsp;Hannah Kibuuka,&nbsp;Edison Mworozi,&nbsp;Robert Tweyongyere,&nbsp;Christina E. Douglas,&nbsp;Jeffrey W. Koehler,&nbsp;Michael E. von Fricken,&nbsp;Fred Wabwire-Mangen,&nbsp;Denis K. Byarugaba","doi":"10.1111/zph.13168","DOIUrl":"10.1111/zph.13168","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Coxiella burnetii</i> is a highly infectious organism that is easily spread through aerosols causing Q fever in humans. Ticks can harbour and transmit <i>C</i>. <i>burnetii</i> to animals, contributing to disease maintenance. Our aim was to examine the presence of <i>C</i>. <i>burnetii</i> in ticks in Uganda.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, ticks were collected from five Ugandan districts and tested by real-time PCR for <i>C</i>. <i>burnetii</i> (<i>Coxiella</i> outer membrane protein 1 gene). A total of 859 tick pools (9602 individual ticks) were tested, and pool positivity for <i>C</i>. <i>burnetii</i> was 5.5% (<i>n</i> = 47). Pooled prevalence differed by district; the highest was Luwero (7.3%), then Gulu (6.6%), and Kasese had the lowest (1.3%). However, district variation was not statistically significant (Fisher's exact = 0.07). Ticks collected from dogs and cats had the highest positivity rates [23/47, (48.9%)] followed by livestock (cattle, goats, sheep, and pigs) [18/47, (38.3%)] and vegetation [6/47, (12.8%)]. <i>Haemaphysalis elliptica</i> had the highest infection rates, followed by <i>Rhipicephalus appendiculatus</i>, <i>Amblyomma variegatum</i> and <i>Rhipicephalus decoloratus</i> had similar prevalence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although ticks are not the primary transmitters of <i>C</i>. <i>burnetii</i> to humans, pathogen detection in ticks can be an indirect indicator of risk among animal hosts. Vulnerable populations, including occupations with close animal contact such as farming, butchery, and veterinary practice, have an increased risk of <i>C</i>. <i>burnetii</i> exposure. Veterinarians and clinicians should be aware that <i>C</i>. <i>burnetii</i> may cause human and animal illness in these regions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 8","pages":"869-875"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/zph.13168","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of human brucellosis in Turkey: A comprehensive meta-analysis","authors":"Pınar Kıran,&nbsp;Reyhan Uçku","doi":"10.1111/zph.13166","DOIUrl":"10.1111/zph.13166","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Brucellosis remains a common zoonotic disease, in developing countries, as well as in Turkey where it is endemic, underdiagnosed, and underreported. The aim of this meta-analysis was to provide a comprehensive estimate of seroprevalence with a large sample size, covering all regions of Turkey, including both grey literature and published studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE (via PubMed), TürkMedline (National Health Sciences-Periodicals Database), and YÖKSİS database (Higher Education Council Information System) until May 5th, 2023. The quality of the studies was evaluated independently using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical assessment tool for prevalence studies. A random-effects model (DerSimion and Laird) was utilized to estimate the overall pooled prevalence. A sensitivity analysis was performed, excluding studies with a high risk of bias. The subgroup analyses and meta-regression were conducted to explore sources of heterogeneity. Egger test and funnel plot were used to assess publication bias. The meta-analysis included 30 studies in total published between 1999 and 2021 with 51,560 individuals. In Turkey, the pooled seroprevalence of human brucellosis was estimated to be 4.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.8%–5.3%). According to the subgroup analysis, a higher seroprevalence was found in rural areas (8.0%, 95% CI: 5.4%–10.7%), high-risk occupational groups (9.9%, 95% CI: 5.3%–14.6%), and the Central East Anatolia Region (13%, 95% CI: 3.2%–22.8%). The meta-regression analysis identified living in rural areas and certain geographic regions as significant risk factors associated with higher seroprevalence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This meta-analysis revealed a significant burden of human brucellosis in Turkey. The findings highlight the need for public health measures and targeted interventions to reduce the burden of this zoonotic disease, especially in rural areas, high-risk occupational groups, and the East Anatolia Region.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 7","pages":"844-854"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/zph.13166","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141559945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}