Zoonoses and Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Occurrence of Coxiella burnetii in wild lagomorphs and their ticks in Spanish Mediterranean ecosystems","authors":"Sabrina Castro-Scholten,&nbsp;Javier Caballero-Gómez,&nbsp;Remigio Martínez,&nbsp;Borja J. Nadales-Martín,&nbsp;David Cano-Terriza,&nbsp;Débora Jiménez-Martín,&nbsp;Susana Remesar,&nbsp;Saúl Jiménez-Ruiz,&nbsp;Félix Gómez-Guillamón,&nbsp;Ignacio García-Bocanegra","doi":"10.1111/zph.13155","DOIUrl":"10.1111/zph.13155","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Coxiella burnetii,</i> the causative agent of Q fever, is a zoonotic multi-host vector-borne pathogen of major public health importance. Although the European Food Safety Authority has recently made the monitoring of this bacterium in wildlife a priority, the role of wild lagomorphs in the transmission and maintenance of <i>C. burnetii</i> is poorly understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with <i>C. burnetii</i> circulation in European wild rabbits (<i>Oryctolagus cuniculus</i>) and Iberian hares (<i>Lepus granatensis</i>) and to assess the presence of this pathogen in ticks that feed on them in Mediterranean ecosystems in Spain, the country with the highest number of reported cases of Q fever in Europe.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 574 spleen samples were collected from 453 wild rabbits and 121 Iberian hares, and 513 ticks (processed in 120 pools) between the 2017/2018 and 2021/2022 hunting seasons.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>C. burnetii</i> DNA was detected in 103 (17.9%; 95% CI: 14.8–21.1) of the 574 wild lagomorphs tested. By species, prevalence was 16.3% (74/453; 95% CI: 12.9–19.7) in the European wild rabbit and 24.0% (29/121; 95% CI: 16.4–31.6) in the Iberian hare. At least one positive lagomorph was found on 47.9% of the 96 hunting estates sampled and in every hunting season since 2018/2019. Two risk factors associated with <i>C. burnetii</i> infection were as follows: outbreak of myxomatosis on the hunting estate in the month prior to sampling and high tick abundance observed by gamekeepers on the hunting estate. <i>C. burnetii</i> DNA was also found in 33 of the 120 (27.5%; 95% CI: 19.5–35.5) tick pools tested. The pathogen was detected in 66.7% (4/6), 29.2% (26/89) and 21.4% (3/14) of <i>Haemaphysalis hispanica</i>, <i>Rhipicephalus pusillus</i> and <i>Hyalomma lusitanicum</i> pools respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides new epidemiological data on <i>C. burnetii</i> in European wild rabbits and is the first survey on this zoonotic pathogen performed in Iberian hares. Our results indicate widespread endemic circulation of <i>C. burnetii</i> and highlight the importance of both wild lagomorph species as natural reservoirs of this zoonotic bacterium in Mediterranean ecosystems in southern Spain, which may b","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 5","pages":"549-559"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/zph.13155","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141076968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness of fish-borne zoonoses and prevalence of Contracaecum in Oreochromis niloticus and Lates niloticus collected from Lake Chamo, Arba Minch, Ethiopia","authors":"Tamirat Kaba,&nbsp;Mesfin Shurbe,&nbsp;Abreham Wondimu","doi":"10.1111/zph.13145","DOIUrl":"10.1111/zph.13145","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Many fish species can harbour a wide range of pathogenic agents in their tissues. Of many pathogens, the parasitic nematode of genus <i>Contracaecum</i>, which resides in the tissues of fish species, can results in fish-borne infections in humans. This study was planned to assess consumers' awareness of fish-borne zoonoses in the fishing sites of Lake Chamo, Arba Minch, Ethiopia. The study was also aimed at demonstrating the zoonotic nematode, <i>Contracaecum</i> parasites in the <i>Oreochromis niloticus</i> and <i>Lates niloticus</i> fishes collected from Lake Chamo, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Assessment of awareness about fish-borne zoonoses was conducted in randomly selected participants (<i>n</i> = 162) using face-to-face interviews via a structured and semi-structured questionnaire. Besides, 70 fishes (<i>O. niloticus</i> = 35 and <i>L. niloticus</i> = 35) were examined for the presence of larva of <i>Contracaecum</i> and other anisakid genera through standard dissection, pepsin-hydrochloric acid digestion and microscopic observation. Consumers have inadequate awareness about fish-borne zoonoses based on the answers they provided to the questions. The majority of respondents (82%) consume raw fish in the area. Of these, a significantly higher proportion were male (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), completed their elementary or high school (<i>p</i> = 0.004), Orthodox Christian (<i>p</i> = 0.044), fishermen (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and participants without previous information about fish-borne zoonoses (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Overall, of examined fishes (<i>n</i> = 70), <i>n</i> = 15 (21.4%, 95% CI, 12.8–33.2) were infected with <i>Contracaecum</i> larva. A significant (<i>p</i> = 0.028) higher infection prevalence was noted in <i>L. niloticus</i> (34.3%, 95% CI, 19.7–52.3) compared to <i>O. niloticus</i> (8.6%, 95% CI, 2.2–24.2). A unit gram addition in the total weight of fish would significantly raise the risk of <i>Contracaecum</i> infection by 1% (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The presence of <i>Contracaecum</i>, a zoonotic nematode in the fishes, which are often preferred by consumers for raw dishes, designates a high risk of possible fish-borne infections in the area. Thus, providing education and training for fishermen, visitors of the area, and local people who visit the area for fish consumption, it is inevitably important to minimize the risk. Furthermore, health workers should suspect fish-borne infections, such as anisakidosis in patients who have a history of raw fish consumption in Arba Minch, Ethiopia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 7","pages":"790-798"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141070716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salmonella Typhimurium caused an unprecedentedly large foodborne outbreak in Finland in 2021","authors":"Satu-Mari Lehti,&nbsp;Ole Andersen,&nbsp;Jaana Leppäaho-Lakka,&nbsp;Eija Suominen,&nbsp;Anni Vainio,&nbsp;Maire Matsinen,&nbsp;Henry Kuronen,&nbsp;Ruska Rimhanen-Finne","doi":"10.1111/zph.13157","DOIUrl":"10.1111/zph.13157","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Salmonella</i> infections are significant causes of foodborne outbreaks in the European Union. This study investigates a sudden increase in gastroenteritis patients in the hospital district of Central Finland in June 2021. The primary aim was to study the outbreak's magnitude and source of the outbreak.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Epidemiological, microbiological, environmental and traceback investigations were conducted. Over 700 persons fell ill during the outbreak caused by <i>Salmonella Typhimurium</i> associated with a daycare lunch. Similar <i>S. Typhimurium</i> was found in the patients and a vegetable mix containing iceberg lettuce, cucumber and peas served during lunch. The traceback investigation revealed that the batch information of vegetables from the wholesaler was not complete. The wholesaler had received quality complaints about the iceberg lettuce from the central kitchen. The manufacturer did not test the suspected batch for <i>Salmonella</i> since the production plant had given a certificate declaring it <i>Salmonella</i> negative.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The most suspect ingredient was one batch of iceberg lettuce due to quality complaints. The lettuce had not been served in two daycare centres without cases. We recommend that in order to enable thorough microbiological investigation, institutional kitchens store the food samples separately as part of the internal quality control and that food items should always be tested when <i>Salmonella</i> contamination in an outbreak is suspected.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 5","pages":"560-567"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/zph.13157","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141070866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological study of hepatitis E virus infection among students and workers in Hebei Province of China","authors":"Huan Liu,&nbsp;Kunjing Geng,&nbsp;Chunyan Wang,&nbsp;Tengfei Shi,&nbsp;Hongxin Zhang,&nbsp;Chenyan Zhao,&nbsp;Yansheng Geng","doi":"10.1111/zph.13154","DOIUrl":"10.1111/zph.13154","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hepatitis E caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV) is prevalent worldwide. In China, considerable shifts in the epidemiology of hepatitis E have been observed over the last two decades, with ongoing changes in the prevalence of HEV.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method<b>s</b></h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study, in conjunction with the health examinations for students and workers, aims to estimate the seroprevalence and assess the risk factors of HEV infection in general population in Hebei province, China. Epidemiological information was collected using a specific questionnaire and blood samples were collected from each participant during the process of health examination. Anti-HEV IgG and IgM in sera were tested using the Wantai ELISA assay kits. Logistic regression modelling was used to identify associated risk factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The average positive rate of anti-HEV IgG in students (6–25 years) was 3.4%. One (0.2%) student was anti-HEV IgM positive, while also testing positive for IgG. The HEV seroprevalence was not related to students' gender, school, or family residence. In occupational populations, the overall seropositivity rate was 13.3% for anti-HEV IgG and 0.67% for IgM. HEV seropositivity increased significantly with age, ranging from 3.8% to 18.6% in age groups, and differed significantly among four occupation groups: farmers (17.6%), food supply workers (18.0%), other non-farm workers (14.7%) and healthcare workers (5.9%) (<i>p</i> = 0.002). Multivariable logistic analysis confirmed the significant correlations of seroprevalence with age and occupation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study found a low seroprevalence of HEV in children and young adults in Hebei Province, China. Advanced age correlates with higher seroprevalence in occupational populations, indicating an accumulation of HEV infection over time. Seroprevalence varied significantly among different occupation groups, suggesting the important role of occupational exposure for HEV infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 7","pages":"799-806"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141070830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and molecular epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales isolated from dog and cat faeces submitted to veterinary laboratories in the USA","authors":"Jaclyn Dietrich,&nbsp;Tessa E. LeCuyer,&nbsp;G. Kenitra Hendrix,&nbsp;Claire R. Burbick,&nbsp;Megan E. Jacob,&nbsp;Barbara A. Byrne,&nbsp;Karen Olsen,&nbsp;Maria Mitchell,&nbsp;Olgica Ceric,&nbsp;Rachel Lin,&nbsp;Jessica Joneson,&nbsp;Megan Lintner,&nbsp;Alexandra Fox,&nbsp;Diamond McClendon,&nbsp;Trevor Alexander,&nbsp;Kayla Joyce,&nbsp;Melissa Byrd,&nbsp;Jason Clinton,&nbsp;Keith Snipes,&nbsp;Laura Peak,&nbsp;Stephen D. Cole","doi":"10.1111/zph.13144","DOIUrl":"10.1111/zph.13144","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To estimate the prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) carriage among pets using faecal specimens submitted to veterinary diagnostic laboratories throughout the US. A secondary aim was to employ whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to characterize isolates of CPE from companion animals and compare them to publicly available CPE genomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To estimate the prevalence of CPE in companion animals in the USA, a multicenter surveillance study including 8 different veterinary diagnostic laboratories from across the USA was conducted. Briefly, remnant faecal specimens from dogs and cats were screened using two selective agar plates (CHROMID Carba and MacConkey with 1 mg/L cefotaxime and 0.125 mg/L meropenem) and presumptive CPE isolates screened by the modified carbapenemase inactivation method for carbapenemase production. A total of 2393 specimens were screened and yielded 196 isolates for carbapenemase screening. A total of 5 isolates from 4 dogs and 1 cat at 3 different veterinary diagnostic laboratories were confirmed to produce a carbapenemase (0.21%). Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) revealed two <i>E. coli</i> (ST167) isolates that both produced an NDM-5 carbapenemase, two <i>Enterobacter hormaechei</i> (ST171) isolates that produced an NDM-5 carbapenemase and a KPC-4 carbapenemase respectively and one <i>Klebsiella oxytoca</i> (ST199) that produced an Oxa-48-type carbapenemase. Both <i>E. coli</i> isolates were found to be within at least 22 SNPs of previously characterized canine and human CPE isolates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study demonstrates that the prevalence of CPE among companion animals is relatively low (0.21%) but that given the genetic relatedness of animal isolates to human isolates, additional surveillance is needed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 5","pages":"538-548"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/zph.13144","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140946055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using the Health Belief Model to understand intention to vaccinate for Lyme disease in the United States","authors":"L. Hannah Gould,&nbsp;James H. Stark,&nbsp;Brandon McFadden,&nbsp;Niyati Patel,&nbsp;Patrick H. Kelly,&nbsp;Jason Riis","doi":"10.1111/zph.13142","DOIUrl":"10.1111/zph.13142","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A growing number of Lyme disease (LD) cases in the U.S. are reported in states neighbouring those with high-incidence (&gt;10 cases per 100,000 population) rates. Considering the evolving epidemiology, high-incidence counties in many of these “neighbouring states,” and the forthcoming vaccines, understanding the drivers of vaccination intention is critical, particularly how drivers of intention in neighbouring states vary relative to regions currently classified as high incidence.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study uses the Health Belief Model (HBM) to determine the key drivers associated with vaccine intention for U.S. adults and caregivers of children residing in neighbouring states.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using an established panel with quotas for age, sex, race/ethnicity and urbanity, we surveyed 887 adults and 822 caregivers of children residing in U.S. neighbouring states. Survey items included measures of intention and HBM constructs, all of which were assessed using 5-point Likert scales. We subsequently used structural equation modelling to understand the influence of the HBM constructs on LD vaccine intention.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Estimates from structural equation modelling show that the HBM constructs explain much of the variation in intention to vaccinate against LD. Intentions to vaccinate for both adults and caregivers are positively influenced by cues to action, perceived susceptibility of LD, and perceived benefits to vaccination. Both are also negatively influenced by perceived barriers to vaccination. The caregiver's intention to vaccinate is also positively influenced by the perceived severity of LD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The intention to vaccinate for respondents residing in LD neighbouring states is strongly influenced by recommendations from healthcare providers or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). As incidence rises in neighbouring states and the need to prevent disease becomes more overt, public health officials should strongly recognize the influence of healthcare providers and CDC recommendations on intention to vaccinate against LD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 5","pages":"526-537"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/zph.13142","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140904806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human cat borne rabies as the new epidemiology of the disease in the Andes mountains","authors":"Samir Meriño-Olivella,&nbsp;María del Pilar Sánchez-Bonilla,&nbsp;Luis E. Escobar,&nbsp;Nathalia M. Correa-Valencia","doi":"10.1111/zph.13141","DOIUrl":"10.1111/zph.13141","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rabies virus (RABV) is the etiologic agent of rabies, a fatal brain disease in mammals. Rabies circulation has historically involved the dog has the main source of human rabies worldwide. Nevertheless, in Colombia, cats (<i>Felis catus</i>) have become a relevant species in the epidemiology of rabies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To characterize rabies cases in humans in Colombia in the last three decades in the context of the epidemiology of the aggressor animal.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a retrospective longitudinal epidemiological study of human rabies caused by cats’ aggression, collecting primary and secondary information. Variables considered included the demography of the patient, symptoms, information about the aggressor animal as the source of infection and the viral variant identified.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that the distribution of rabies incidence over the years has been constant in Colombia. Nevertheless, between 2003 and 2012 a peak of cases occurred in rural Colombia where cats were the most frequent aggressor animal reported. Most cats involved in aggression were unvaccinated against rabies. Cat's clinical signs at the time of the report of the human cases included hypersalivation and changes in behaviour. Human patients were mostly children and female and the exposure primarily corresponded to bite and puncture lacerations in hands. The RABV lineage detected in most cases corresponded to variant 3, linked to the common vampire bat (<i>Desmodus rotundus</i>). The geographical presentation of cat borne RABV in humans occurred along the Andes mountains, epidemiologically known as the rabies red Andean corridor.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>By finding cats as the primary source of rabies spillover transmission in Colombia, this report highlights the importance of revising national rabies control and prevention protocol in countries in the Andes region.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results demonstrate that rabies vaccination for outdoor cats needs to prioritize to reduce the number of rabies-related human deaths.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 5","pages":"600-608"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140858230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance, virulence potential and genomic epidemiology of global genomes of the rare Salmonella enterica serovar Orion","authors":"Leticia Ayumi Hasegawa,&nbsp;Felipe Pinheiro Vilela,&nbsp;Juliana Pfrimer Falcão","doi":"10.1111/zph.13140","DOIUrl":"10.1111/zph.13140","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our aim is to characterize through whole-genome sequencing (WGS) the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and heavy metal tolerance (HMT) genes content, plasmid presence, virulence potential and genomic diversity of the rare non-typhoid <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovar Orion (<i>S</i>. <i>Orion</i>) from 19 countries of the African, American, Eastern Mediterranean, European, Southeastern Asia and Western Pacific regions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Totally 324 <i>S</i>. <i>Orion</i> genomes were screened for AMR, HMT and virulence genes, plasmids and <i>Salmonella</i> Pathogenicity Islands (SPIs). Genomic diversity was investigated using Multi-Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) and core-genome MLST (cgMLST). Efflux pump encoding genes <i>mdsA</i> and <i>mdsB</i> were present in all genomes analysed, while quinolone chromosomal point mutations and aminoglycoside, beta-lactam, colistin, lincosamide, macrolide, phenicol, sulphonamide, trimethoprim, tetracycline and disinfectant resistance genes were found in 0.3%–5.9%. A total of 17 genomes (5.2%) from Canada, the United Kingdom, the USA and Tanzania showed a potential multi-drug resistance profile. Gold tolerance genes <i>golS</i> and <i>golT</i> were detected in all genomes analysed, while arsenic, copper, mercury, silver and tellurium tolerance genes were found in 0.3%–35.5%. Col(MGD2) was the most frequently detected plasmid, in 15.4% of the genomes. Virulence genes related to adherence, macrophage induction, magnesium uptake, regulation, serum resistance, stress adaptation, type III secretion systems and six SPIs (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 12, 13, 14 and C63PI) were detected. ST639 was assigned to 89.2% of the <i>S</i>. <i>Orion</i> genomes, while cgMLST showed core-genome STs and clusters of strains specific by countries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The high virulence factor frequencies, the genomic similarity among some non-clinical and clinical strains circulating worldwide and the presence of a strain carrying a resistance gene against a last resource antimicrobial like colistin, highlight the potential risk of <i>S</i>. <i>Orion</i> strains for public health and food safety and reinforce the importance to not underestimate the potential hazard of rare non-typhoid <i>Salmonella</i> serovars.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 5","pages":"591-599"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140841663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wild rabbits are Leishmania infantum reservoirs in southeastern Spain","authors":"Joaquina Martín-Sánchez,&nbsp;Victoriano Díaz-Sáez,&nbsp;Francisco Morillas-Márquez,&nbsp;Victoriano Corpas-López,&nbsp;Patricia Ibáñez-De Haro,&nbsp;Andrés Torres-Llamas,&nbsp;Manuel Morales-Yuste","doi":"10.1111/zph.13139","DOIUrl":"10.1111/zph.13139","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We contribute to the understanding of the transmission dynamics of <i>Leishmania infantum</i> suggesting the involvement of rabbits as wild reservoirs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of infection was 86.0% (270/314 wild rabbits) ranging from 18.2% to 100% in natural geographical regions. The estimated average parasite load was 324.8 [CI 95% 95.3–554.3] parasites per mg of ear lobe ranging from 0 to 91,597 parasites/mg per tissue section.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A positive correlation was found between skin parasite load in wild rabbits and human incidence with evidence of the presence of the same <i>L. infantum</i> genotypes in rabbits and humans, providing new epidemiological and biological basis for the consideration of wild rabbits as a relevant <i>L. infantum</i> wild reservoir. Molecular parasite surveillance reflects the great genotypic variability of the parasite population in wild rabbits. Most of these genotypes have also been found to infect humans, dogs and sandflies in the region. Our findings also highlight that direct genotyping of the parasite in host tissues should be used for molecular surveillance of the parasite instead of cultured isolates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 5","pages":"584-590"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/zph.13139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140841969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular detection of intestinal parasites in a rural community of Colombia: A one health approach to explore potential environmental–zoonotic transmission","authors":"Sergio Castañeda,&nbsp;Claudia Patricia Acosta,&nbsp;Luis Reinel Vasquez-A,&nbsp;Luz H. Patiño,&nbsp;Rojelio Mejía,&nbsp;Juan David Ramírez","doi":"10.1111/zph.13138","DOIUrl":"10.1111/zph.13138","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aims&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Protozoan and helminth parasitic infections pose significant public health challenges, especially in developing countries with rural populations marked by suboptimal hygiene practices and socio-economic constraints. The parasites are the etiological agents of these infections and have a notably elevated global prevalence. Therefore, this study focuses on estimating the frequency and transmission dynamics of several parasitic species, including &lt;i&gt;Blastocystis, Giardia, Cryptosporidium&lt;/i&gt; spp., &lt;i&gt;Entamoeba histolytica, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Taenia&lt;/i&gt; spp. and hookworms, within a rural community in southwest Colombia with a particular emphasis on the One Health framework, considering environmental and zoonotic transmission potentials.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods and Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study involved the analysis of 125 samples, encompassing human participants (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 99), their domestic pets (dogs) (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 24) and water sources (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 2). Parasite detection was carried out utilizing a combination of microscopy and molecular techniques. Furthermore, the characterization of &lt;i&gt;Blastocystis&lt;/i&gt; subtypes (STs) was achieved through Oxford Nanopore sequencing of the rRNA-18S gene. The investigation also entailed the examination of potential associations between intestinal parasitism and various sociodemographic factors. Results revealed a high frequency of parasitic infections when employing molecular methods, with &lt;i&gt;Blastocystis&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 109/87%), &lt;i&gt;Giardia&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 20/16%), &lt;i&gt;Ancylostoma duodenale&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 28/22%), &lt;i&gt;Ancylostoma ceylanicum&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 7/5.6%), &lt;i&gt;E. histolytica&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 6/4.8%), &lt;i&gt;Cryptosporidium&lt;/i&gt; spp. (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 12/9.6%) and even &lt;i&gt;Taenia&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 1/0.8%) detected. &lt;i&gt;Cryptosporidium&lt;/i&gt; spp. was also identified in water samples. Coinfections were prevalent, with 57% (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 70) of samples exhibiting single-parasite infections and 43% (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 53) showing various degrees of polyparasitism, emphasizing the complexity of transmission dynamics. &lt;i&gt;Blastocystis&lt;/i&gt; subtyping, conducted via Oxford Nanopore sequencing, revealed a diversity of subtypes and coexistence patterns, with ST2 being the most prevalent.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This research underscores the importance of using molecular techniques for frequency estimation, particularly emphasizing the relevance of zoonotic transmission in parasitic infections. It highlights the significance of the One Health approach in comprehending the circulation of parasites among animals, humans and environmental sources, thereby directly impacting public health and epidemiological surveill","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 6","pages":"723-735"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140841471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}