Urban Research eJournal最新文献

{"title":"The Spatial Distribution of Urban Consumer Service Firms: Evidence from Yelp Reviews","authors":"B. Humphreys, Josh Matti","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3112442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3112442","url":null,"abstract":"A growing literature employs distance-based measures of localization to assess the spatial distribution of firms with a focus on manufacturing across a country. We analyze the spatial concentration of a variety of consumer services firms in the Phoenix, AZ area using geo-referenced Yelp data from over 29,000 establishments. Results from a K-density approach indicate substantial localization and service differentiation among localized firms. Firm concentration varies across service cost and quality; higher quality/cost establishments tend to cluster. Our results further understanding of the modern urban landscape as cities are increasingly centers of consumption.","PeriodicalId":239768,"journal":{"name":"Urban Research eJournal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131581204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tourism and Economic Development: Evidence from Mexico's Coastline","authors":"Benjamin Faber, C. Gaubert","doi":"10.1257/AER.20161434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/AER.20161434","url":null,"abstract":"Tourism is a fast-growing services sector in developing countries. This paper combines a rich collection of Mexican microdata with a quantitative spatial equilibrium model and a new empirical strategy to study the long-term economic consequences of tourism both locally and in the aggregate. We find that tourism causes large and significant local economic gains relative to less touristic regions that are in part driven by significant positive spillovers on manufacturing. In the aggregate, however, these local spillovers are largely offset by reductions in agglomeration economies among less touristic regions, so that the national gains from trade in tourism are mainly driven by a classical market integration effect. (JEL L60, L83, O14, O18, R11, Z31, Z32)","PeriodicalId":239768,"journal":{"name":"Urban Research eJournal","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131672520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Análisis Económico Del Mecanismo De Respuesta De La Demanda En El Sector Eléctrico Colombiano (Julio De 2017) (Economic Analysis of the Demand Response Mechanism in the Colombian Electricity Sector (July 2017))","authors":"John García, Alejandro Gutiérrez, Luisa Vargas Tobón, Hermilson Velásquez","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3069822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3069822","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Spanish Abstract:</b> Este artículo toma como referencia el programa de Respuesta de la Demanda (RD) implementado en el mercado eléctrico de Estados Unidos coordinado por PJM, considerado como uno de los casos de mercado más exitosos a nivel mundial, para determinar el impacto económico que podría representar un programa de RD para el mercado eléctrico colombiano. Se propone la implementación de un programa de RD con un objetivo de 600 MW en su fase madura y al considerar su participación en el precio del mercado se pudo evidenciar que para el año 2015, este habría podido representar una disminución promedio del precio de bolsa durante las horas de despacho de la RD, de un 30%, con los cuales se estima un ahorro aproximado de 130.000 millones de pesos colombianos, además de que en términos de confiabilidad del sistema se habría podido evitar situaciones de incertidumbre del abastecimiento como las ocurridas en los momentos más críticos del evento El Niño ocurrido entre 2015 y 2016. <b>English Abstract:</b> This paper is based upon the PJM market Demand Response Program, which it is considered as one of the most successful DR mechanisms over the world. Based on its design, the economic impact that could be achieve if a similar DR program were implemented in the Colombian market was determined. A DR program has been proposed that could achieve 600 MW of capacity in a mature stage. When its impact was took into account in the market price, it was found that for 2015 its impact in the DR dispatch hours could achieve lowering spot price in around 30%. With these results it can be estimated that the system could save about COP130.000 million, regardless of its contribution to the system reliability that, in the past El Niño event (2015-2016), could have reduced blackout risks.","PeriodicalId":239768,"journal":{"name":"Urban Research eJournal","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128875612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Housing Affordability and Inequality: A Consumption-Adjusted Approach","authors":"Danny Ben-Shahar, S. Gabriel, Roni Golan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3050162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3050162","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce a new measure of housing affordability that adjusts for normative variation in housing consumption. The new measure is computed using extensive micro-data from Israel for the 1998–2015 period. Findings suggest sharp declines in Israel quality- and consumption-adjusted affordability. Further, the new consumption-adjusted measure suggests more pronounced affordability burdens among minority and underprivileged groups. The new measure also gives rise to elevated Gini measures of housing affordability inequality. We also find that recent trending up in house prices and income in Israel is associated with more pressing consumption-adjusted affordability challenges among those already in housing distress, particularly in outlying, peripheral areas.","PeriodicalId":239768,"journal":{"name":"Urban Research eJournal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129043704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Polish Tourists’ Perceptions of the Resort Hotels in Georgia","authors":"G. Abuselidze, J. Maria.","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3047410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3047410","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and aim: The paper presents the results of a secondary data analysis examining Polish tourists’ perception of tourism product quality offered by the resort hotels in Georgia. The researchers examined data collected by Polish tour operators between 2015-2016 regarding tourists’ satisfaction with the package holidays in Georgia. The package holidays to Georgia is a relatively new tourism product offered by travel agencies in Poland, however, more and more tourists show their interest in visiting Georgia. Assuming the further increase in the number of Polish travelers spending their holidays in Georgia, the analysis of tourists opinions on tourism product quality will enable responding more effectively to customers’ needs. The aim of the research study was to analyze tourists comments and opinions regarding their holiday experience in the selected summer resort hotels in order to identify the positive experiences as well as the areas of tourists’ discontent. The surveyed sample of tourists spent their summer holidays in the resort hotels located in Batumi. The total sample volume was 144 tourists. According to the research results some improvements could be recommended, including serving more diversified meals and providing more entertainment for tourists. Moreover, it is important to improve overall cleanliness, the sewage system and develop programs aimed at protection of the environment. Research methodology: The primary objective of this study was to analyze Polish tourists’ perception of the quality of tourism product offered by Georgian hotels located in the main summer resort. The research task included the identification of the quality gaps and areas of discontent with regard to the attributes valuable for tourists related to their holiday experience in the selected hotels located in Batumi. The analysis of the data in this study consisted of a qualitative analysis of the tourists’ comments and opinions regarding their holiday experience. The researchers examined data collected by Polish tour operators between 2015-2016 regarding tourists’ satisfaction with the package holidays in Georgia. The empirical data collection was an online questionnaire filled in by the respondents. The questionnaire was sent to the tourists after they returned from their holidays. Tourists who were willing to respond, filled out the questionnaire. Tourists opinions concerning package holidays have been published on the tour operators’ websites.","PeriodicalId":239768,"journal":{"name":"Urban Research eJournal","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121778152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artistic, Aesthetic and Edificial Works As Constant Elements of the Inconsistent Physical Character of a City","authors":"Basem Fadel Sayed Mohamed","doi":"10.21625/ARCHIVE.V1I1.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21625/ARCHIVE.V1I1.105","url":null,"abstract":"Cities evolve and grow rapidly in a manner that is unprecedented throughout their long history. This great acceleration and growth is governed by many overlapping and intersecting factors (Economical, Social, Political, etc.), the process of identifying the city's character or identity is no longer an easy task. This appears more clearly in historic cities and historic areas that in most cases contrast with the civilizational, cultural and urban extension of the mother city. This therefore justifies the importance of polyphonic and edificial aesthetic works as they are elements of consistency and solidity of urbanism. Cities and their various components (facilities & planning, objectives & economics, construction & architecture) have witnessed a new turn and were influenced by many factors. These factors and their results should therefore be identified in order to understand how they reflect on cities and how artistic and aesthetic works reflect on the form and identity of cities.","PeriodicalId":239768,"journal":{"name":"Urban Research eJournal","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114641698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distributional Effects of Transport Policies on Inequalities in Access to Opportunities in Rio De Janeiro","authors":"R. Pereira, D. Banister, T. Schwanen, Nate Wessel","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3040844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3040844","url":null,"abstract":"The evaluation of social impacts of transport policies has been attracting growing attention in recent years. Yet studies thus far have predominately focused on developed countries and overlooked whether equity assessment of transport projects is sensitive to the modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP). This paper investigates how investments in public transport can reshape socio-spatial inequalities in access to opportunities, and it examines how MAUP can influence the distributional effects of transport project evaluations. The study looks at Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) and the transformations carried out in the city in preparation for the 2014 World Cup and the 2016 Olympics, which involved substantial expansion in public transport infrastructure followed by cuts in service levels. The paper uses before-and-after comparison of Rio's transport network (2014-2017) and quasi-counterfactual analysis to examine how those policies affect access to schools and jobs for different income groups and whether the results are robust when the data is analyzed at different spatial scales and zoning schemes. Results show that subsequent cuts in service levels have offset the accessibility benefits of transport investments in a way that particularly penalizes the poor, and that those investments alone would still have generated larger accessibility gains for higher-income groups. These findings suggest that, contrary to Brazil’s official discourse of transport legacy, recent policies in Rio have exacerbated rather than reduced socio-spatial inequalities in access to opportunities. The study also shows that MAUP can influence the equity assessment of transport projects, suggesting that this issue should be addressed in future research.","PeriodicalId":239768,"journal":{"name":"Urban Research eJournal","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116935238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cash-Cow into the Purse of Malaysian Property Investors: Students Housing Investment","authors":"Z. Ghani, Noralfishah Suleiman","doi":"10.22178/POS.25-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22178/POS.25-5","url":null,"abstract":"Growing demand for higher education (HE) and increasing students enrolment in higher education institutions (HEI) has been a global issue especially in the last three decades and housing the growing student population has become a dilemma for all concern HEIs stakeholders. Globally increasing demand for HE and enrolment has long been not corresponding with student housing supply. Most HEIs provide housing accommodation for a small proportion of their total students’ population while the majority depend on private rental sector for their alternative housing. In most of the HEIs neighbouring community residential houses were rented out to students. These houses are not sufficient to accommodate the teaming student population because the market is dominated by traditional small-scale private developers. However, with the continuing expansion and demand for HE, increasing enrolment and increasing students housing demand, the study highlighted and suggested for private investors to pull up and dig into student housing investment. This will ameliorate and fill the shortfall created by inadequacy of HEIs housing provision. Student housing investment is a resilient market, lucrative venture and guaranteed cash cow.","PeriodicalId":239768,"journal":{"name":"Urban Research eJournal","volume":"196 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123091120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban Resurgence as a Consumer City: A Case Study for Weimar in Eastern Germany","authors":"Florian W. Bartholomae, C. Nam, Alina M. Schoenberg","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3035232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3035232","url":null,"abstract":"Weimar achieved urban recovery as a ‘consumer city’ with sub-brandings like a population magnet with a high living-quality, a cultural city with touristic attractions, and a university city. Its intensive cultural promotion policies combined with urban regeneration programs have contributed to the recent demographic and economic growth. This study demonstrates this success and investigates its sectoral weaknesses compared to other German cities. Weimar needs an optimal mixture of consumption- and production-oriented development strategies to rectify the current structural imbalances and better control those negative impacts caused by a rapidly ageing population. Besides ample presence and intact connectivity of high-tech industries and producer services within a city which enhance R&D, innovation and productivity, Weimar should more seriously consider, when design-ing future development policy, that both urban growth approaches are interrelated: agglomeration generates higher income for the creative class, whereas high urban amenities attract young creative entrepreneurs selecting locations for start-ups.","PeriodicalId":239768,"journal":{"name":"Urban Research eJournal","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133589678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward a Definitional Framework for Urban Design","authors":"R. Weaver","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3009419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3009419","url":null,"abstract":"The term \"urban design\", and, indeed, the field or discipline of urban design at a much broader scale, tends to be characterized by vagueness and ambiguity. Responding to this observation, the following essay makes a plea for, and an initial step toward, a definitional framework that aims to identify and define key - heretofore vague - concepts, in order to more directly engage with the meaning and scope of urban design. Three definitions provide the foundations for the proposed framework, which seeks to improve and make consistent the communication between academicians, practitioners, policymakers, and, especially, students and other comparatively uninitiated participants in the urban design discourse.","PeriodicalId":239768,"journal":{"name":"Urban Research eJournal","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133990479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}