发布求助
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献

Urban Research eJournal最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Urban Spatial Structure, Transport-Related Emissions and Welfare 城市空间结构、交通相关排放与福利
Urban Research eJournal Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3266886
L. Denant-Boèmont, C. Gaigné, Romain Gaté
{"title":"Urban Spatial Structure, Transport-Related Emissions and Welfare","authors":"L. Denant-Boèmont, C. Gaigné, Romain Gaté","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3266886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3266886","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we study the effects of urban design on pollution and welfare. We build a theoretical model of residential choices with pollution externalities arising from commuting, where the size of the central business district (CBD) and the demand for housing are endogenous. We show that a polycentric city is desirable from welfare and ecological perspective, provided that travel speed and/or the number of roads directly connected with the CBD are sufficiently high. The spatial extension of cities remains the critical variable to curb transport-related urban pollution.","PeriodicalId":239768,"journal":{"name":"Urban Research eJournal","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128504644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 26
A Real Estate Boom with Chinese Characteristics 中国特色的房地产热潮
Urban Research eJournal Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.1257/JEP.31.1.93
E. Glaeser, Wei Huang, Yueran Ma, A. Shleifer
{"title":"A Real Estate Boom with Chinese Characteristics","authors":"E. Glaeser, Wei Huang, Yueran Ma, A. Shleifer","doi":"10.1257/JEP.31.1.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/JEP.31.1.93","url":null,"abstract":"Chinese housing prices rose by over 10 percent per year in real terms between 2003 and 2014, and are now between two and ten times higher than the construction cost of apartments. At the same time, Chinese developers built 100 billion square feet of residential real estate. This boom has been accompanied by a large increase in the number of vacant homes, held by both developers and households. This boom may turn out to be a housing bubble followed by a crash, yet that future is far from certain. The demand for real estate in China is so strong that current prices might be sustainable, especially given the sparse alternative investments for Chinese households, so long as the level of new supply is radically curtailed. Whether that happens depends on the policies of the Chinese government, which must weigh the benefits of price stability against the costs of restricting urban growth.","PeriodicalId":239768,"journal":{"name":"Urban Research eJournal","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115416251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 314
The Competitive Paradigm in Spatial Economics 空间经济学中的竞争范式
Urban Research eJournal Pub Date : 2016-09-27 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2844139
Jacques-François Thisse
{"title":"The Competitive Paradigm in Spatial Economics","authors":"Jacques-François Thisse","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2844139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2844139","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the reasons for the spatial impossibility theorem, which states that the competitive paradigm cannot explain the formation of large urban agglomerations and trade ows. This result is especially meaningful insofar as it is internal to the theory itself. We then briey explores dierent solutions to remedy to this methodological failure.","PeriodicalId":239768,"journal":{"name":"Urban Research eJournal","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123814374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Trajectories of Neighborhood Change: Spatial Patterns of Increasing Ethnic Diversity 邻里变化轨迹:种族多样性增加的空间格局
Urban Research eJournal Pub Date : 2016-09-19 DOI: 10.7480/ABE.2018.21.3528
M. Zwiers, M. van Ham, D. Manley
{"title":"Trajectories of Neighborhood Change: Spatial Patterns of Increasing Ethnic Diversity","authors":"M. Zwiers, M. van Ham, D. Manley","doi":"10.7480/ABE.2018.21.3528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7480/ABE.2018.21.3528","url":null,"abstract":"Western cities are increasingly ethnically diverse and in most cities the share of ethnic minorities is growing. Studies analyzing changing ethnic geographies often limit their analysis to changes in ethnic concentrations in neighborhoods between two points in time. Such a static approach limits our understanding of pathways of ethnic neighborhood change, and of the underlying factors contributing to change. This paper analyzes full trajectories of neighborhood change in the four largest cities in the Netherlands between 1999 and 2013. Our modelling strategy categorizes neighborhoods based on their unique growth trajectories of the ethnic population composition, providing a longitudinal view of ethnic segregation. Our results show that the ethnic composition in neighborhoods remains relatively stable over time. We find evidence for a slow trend towards deconcentration of ethnic minorities and increased (spatial) population mixing in most neighborhoods. We show how residential mobility decreases segregation, while natural population growth tends to reinforce segregation. While the ethnic minority presence in cities grows, there is a substantial share of neighborhoods which can be identified as white citadels; characterized by a stable large native population, with high incomes and high house values. These neighborhoods seem to be inaccessible to ethnic minorities, which illustrates the spatial manifestation of exclusionary elitism in increasingly ethnically diverse cities.","PeriodicalId":239768,"journal":{"name":"Urban Research eJournal","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127744971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
Fiscal Equalization Schemes and Subcentral Government Borrowing 财政均等化方案与地方政府借款
Urban Research eJournal Pub Date : 2016-09-16 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2853302
S. Barrios, Diego Martínez López
{"title":"Fiscal Equalization Schemes and Subcentral Government Borrowing","authors":"S. Barrios, Diego Martínez López","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2853302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2853302","url":null,"abstract":"Examining the cases of Canada, Germany, and Spain, the role played by fiscal equalization schemes in determining subnational borrowing was analyzed, and the link between regional governments’ primary fiscal balances and gross domestic product per capita was tested econometrically. The study results show that either poor or rich regions can display higher regional public borrowing on average, and these results can be linked to the institutional design of regional equalization systems in place. Particular elements, such as tax efforts and fiscal capacities, also play relevant roles in this regard. Reforms of these schemes can therefore prove instrumental in reducing regional heterogeneity in public borrowing.","PeriodicalId":239768,"journal":{"name":"Urban Research eJournal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132380973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Assessing an Educational Mentorship Program in an Urban Context 评估城市背景下的教育指导计划
Urban Research eJournal Pub Date : 2016-07-18 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2811315
Clio Andris, Lisa Adler, Chloe Atwater, Jeremy Van Cleve, J. O’Dwyer
{"title":"Assessing an Educational Mentorship Program in an Urban Context","authors":"Clio Andris, Lisa Adler, Chloe Atwater, Jeremy Van Cleve, J. O’Dwyer","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2811315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2811315","url":null,"abstract":"Mentorships are important relationships that pair youth with more experienced members of the community. Mentorships facilitated by organizations often connect two community members who are unlikely to meet by happenstance, thus increasing social capital and aiding community development. Yet, difficulties in measuring how formal mentorships improve a city’s social capital and participant welfare might dissuade communities from investing in such programs. We describe a mixed-methods approach for measuring the impact of mentorship programs using a case study in Santa Fe, New Mexico. We survey participants and analyze differences between mentor and protege neighborhoods using U.S. Census data in a Geographic Information System.We find that participants report increases in social capital indicators including connections between individuals with socio-economic differences. However, Census data indicate that mentors and proteges have relatively few socio-economic differences in their neighborhoods. This divergence emphasizes the importance of measuring social capital in an urban and spatial context.","PeriodicalId":239768,"journal":{"name":"Urban Research eJournal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122204049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Housing Decisions, Family Types and Gender. A Cross-National Perspective 住房决定，家庭类型和性别。跨国视角
Urban Research eJournal Pub Date : 2016-07-14 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2818839
Eva Sierminska, Mariacristina Rossi
{"title":"Housing Decisions, Family Types and Gender. A Cross-National Perspective","authors":"Eva Sierminska, Mariacristina Rossi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2818839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2818839","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we shall examine homeownership trends over the past 3 to 4 decades and discuss differences related to the homeownership gap for women and men, with a focus on most recent trends. We shall compare differences in the US to those in countries with different institutional structures and shall pay particular attention to differences across family types. Our estimation techniques will allow us to discuss the role of determinants from a gender perspective. We find that single women are better off than single men without children and a reverse trend exists in families with children. The general negative effect for women remains for younger cohorts in the face of risking homeownership. The latest crisis did not change the general long-running trend of the homeownership gap except for the US and France. The findings of this paper could provide an international perspective on differential homeownership rates among women and men, across countries and over time. Given that the value of one’s own home (home equity) is the largest financial reserve in a household’s wealth portfolio, it is important to have a better understanding of the differences resulting from gender and family types.","PeriodicalId":239768,"journal":{"name":"Urban Research eJournal","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123844236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Emergency Medical Services in Michigan: Challenges and Approaches Among Local Governments 密歇根州的紧急医疗服务:地方政府面临的挑战和对策
Urban Research eJournal Pub Date : 2016-07-06 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.2806555
Sarah B. Mills, Thomas M. Ivacko
{"title":"Emergency Medical Services in Michigan: Challenges and Approaches Among Local Governments","authors":"Sarah B. Mills, Thomas M. Ivacko","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2806555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2806555","url":null,"abstract":"This report presents Michigan local government leaders’ concerns regarding assessments of ambulance and emergency medical services in their jurisdiction, including how these services are provided and funded. The findings are based on statewide surveys of local government leaders in the Fall 2015 wave of the Michigan Public Policy Survey (MPPS).","PeriodicalId":239768,"journal":{"name":"Urban Research eJournal","volume":"231 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131645792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Family Structure and Home Ownership: Evidence from China 家庭结构与住房所有权:来自中国的证据
Urban Research eJournal Pub Date : 2016-06-20 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2814692
Shun Wang, Weina Zhou
{"title":"Family Structure and Home Ownership: Evidence from China","authors":"Shun Wang, Weina Zhou","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2814692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2814692","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies how individuals, particularly low-income individuals, have financed housing purchases since the housing market was privatized in urban China in the 1990s. To the surprise of many policy makers and economists, more than 80% of the households in urban China owned private housing by the end of 2010. In contrast to most developed countries, we find that male siblings are important borrowing resources to purchase housing. Conditional on the number of siblings, having more brothers instead of sisters increases the probability of owning housing among male individuals born during the baby boom (1949-1978) in urban China. However, there is no such brother effect for females. The brother effect is stronger for males with low income or low levels of education and is also stronger when brothers are wealthier. Our results are robust to different model specifications.","PeriodicalId":239768,"journal":{"name":"Urban Research eJournal","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131784913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
The Housing Market, Household Portfolios and the German Consumer 住房市场、家庭投资组合和德国消费者
Urban Research eJournal Pub Date : 2016-06-16 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2796528
Felix Geiger, J. Muellbauer, M. Rupprecht
{"title":"The Housing Market, Household Portfolios and the German Consumer","authors":"Felix Geiger, J. Muellbauer, M. Rupprecht","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2796528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2796528","url":null,"abstract":"House price booms in Anglo-Saxon economies and their collapse were an important part of the financial accelerator via consumption, construction and the banking system. This paper examines links for Germany between household portfolios, income and consumption in a six-equation system, for 1980-2012 data, for consumption, house prices, consumer credit, housing loans, liquid assets and permanent income with latent variables representing the shifts in the availability of the two types of credit. We find evidence of well specified consumption and house price functions and that Germany differs greatly from the Anglo-Saxon economies: rising house prices do not translate into higher consumer spending. This suggests that the transmission of monetary policy via asset prices, in particular house prices, on consumption is likely to be less effective, and any financial accelerator weaker, in Germany than in the US or the UK. There is little evidence of overvaluation of German house prices by 2012. JEL Classification: E21, E27, E44, E51, E58","PeriodicalId":239768,"journal":{"name":"Urban Research eJournal","volume":"460 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125807680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 33
首页 上一页
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整，为了账户安全，请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们：info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务，方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号：481959085
Book学术官方微信