Waste managementPub Date : 2026-01-30Epub Date: 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115288
Patrick M. D’Aoust , Pawel J. Szulc , Dwight Houweling
{"title":"Evaluating hydrogen sulfide removal from municipal landfill leachate using a venturi stripping system","authors":"Patrick M. D’Aoust , Pawel J. Szulc , Dwight Houweling","doi":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates a venturi-based hydrogen sulfide stripping system (HSSS) for landfill leachate pretreatment through field testing, SUMO modeling, and cost analysis. Over 18 months of operation, the system achieved an average sulfide removal of ∼ 60.1 %, reaching up to 79 % under favorable conditions. Operation also raised leachate pH due to CO<sub>2</sub> stripping, altering sulfide speciation and underscoring the importance of efficient single-stage treatment. Statistical analysis identified strong positive correlation between influent sulfide and removal efficiency, negative correlations with sulfate and temperature, and rainfall-driven increases in BOD. The SUMO model significantly underestimated sulfide removal, while capturing the pH and alkalinity trends reasonably well, reflecting the complexity of leachate chemistry. Economically, the HSSS required only ∼$10,000 CAD in capital costs and minimal operational costs (<$200 CAD) annually to operate (∼$1.31 CAD / 1,000 m<sup>3</sup>), making it a highly cost-effective alternative to conventional abatement methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23969,"journal":{"name":"Waste management","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 115288"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145737734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Waste managementPub Date : 2026-01-30Epub Date: 2025-12-26DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115305
Phebe Linette Bonilla Prado , Peter Kjeldsen , Lotte Fjelsted , Jens E. Larsen , Anders G. Christensen , Charlotte Scheutz
{"title":"Evaluation of aeration for stabilising a landfill with low-organic waste","authors":"Phebe Linette Bonilla Prado , Peter Kjeldsen , Lotte Fjelsted , Jens E. Larsen , Anders G. Christensen , Charlotte Scheutz","doi":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The applicability of landfill aeration for stabilising old and low-organic waste was tested at the AV Miljø landfill, Denmark. Preliminary air injection tests achieved higher aeration flow rates in the southwest area (250–370 m<sup>3</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>) compared to the northeast (150–200 m<sup>3</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>) of the waste cell, with visible response pressure up to ∼ 40 m away from the injection point. A five-week aeration test with an air injection flow of 200 m<sup>3</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> injected at 5–6.5 m depth resulted in a temperature increase of ∼ 10 °C in the waste body, indicating increased aerobic biological activity, especially after aeration stopped and the winter air did not cool down the waste. Aeration effectively transformed anaerobic conditions into aerobic, thereby accelerating organic waste degradation and significantly reducing CH<sub>4</sub> concentrations from 53.4− 67.7 to 0.2 – 15.3 %vol. Air distribution during aeration was predominantly horizontal, with nitrogen found at an influence radius of over 80 m and oxygen depletion within 50 m. The estimated oxygen consumption rate was low, at ∼ 0.002 mg O<sub>2</sub> g DW<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>, as expected for waste with low organic content. Based on the aeration radius of influence, the facilities for full-scale aeration experiment were redesigned, reducing from 60 projected wells to only 15 wells, reducing costs. A full-scale aeration system is planned to further investigate the benefits of aeration for landfills with low organic content.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23969,"journal":{"name":"Waste management","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 115305"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Waste managementPub Date : 2026-01-30Epub Date: 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115285
Caio Henrique Buranello dos Santos , Sandro Lemos Machado , Michael Andrade Maedo , Roger Augusto Rodrigues
{"title":"Numerical modeling of settlement and gas generation in biodegrading municipal solid waste: a systematic review for sanitary landfill applications","authors":"Caio Henrique Buranello dos Santos , Sandro Lemos Machado , Michael Andrade Maedo , Roger Augusto Rodrigues","doi":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The short- and long-term behavior of municipal solid waste (MSW) in sanitary landfills is governed by coupled hydraulic, mechanical, thermal, and biochemical processes. Among these, settlement due to biodegradation and landfill gas (LFG) generation are critical for assessing structural stability, environmental safety, and energy recovery during both operation and post-closure. Following the guidelines established by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) in 2020, this study systematically reviews numerical models implemented in computational frameworks to simulate settlement and/or gas generation in biodegrading MSW. A structured search in the Scopus database covered peer-reviewed journal articles and conference papers published between 2000 and May 2025. The reviewed works address different combinations of coupled processes, mainly implemented using finite element or finite difference formulations. While one-dimensional domains remain common, nearly half of the studies employed two-dimensional models. First-order kinetics is the predominant approach for representing biodegradation and its coupling to volumetric strain and gas generation, although some models incorporate more detailed biochemical processes. Earlier approaches used the secondary compression index to capture long-term MSW settlement, whereas a few recent studies implemented physically based creep models. Waste heterogeneity and its time-dependent mechanical response have been considered in some studies, although temperature effects on waste properties remain rarely implemented in computational frameworks. This review highlights critical research gaps and emphasizes the need for unified numerical frameworks capable of integrating biodegradation, multiphysical coupling, temperature effects on MSW properties, large-strain kinematics, and parameter variability to realistically simulate the evolving behavior of MSW in landfills.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23969,"journal":{"name":"Waste management","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 115285"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145744881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A small technology for big health: Blocking the potential spread of antibiotic resistomes from home composting of food waste by mature compost","authors":"Ruohan Xia, Lanxia Zhang, Guoxue Li, Wenhai Luo, Zhicheng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Home composting is a popular lifestyle for onsite treatment and recycling of food and garden wastes, but potentially spreads antimicrobial resistance to affect human health. Thus, the dynamics of antibiotic resistomes during home composting and their control by mature compost were investigated. Results show that the relative abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) decreased significantly at thermophilic stage and then increased at cooling stage. Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) located on chromosomes and mobilizable plasmids reduced at thermophilic stage to restrain horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events and relative abundance of ARG. Nevertheless, HGT events were driven by mobile genetic elements (MGEs) on chromosomes to rebound in relative abundance of ARG at cooling and mature stages. Mature compost could improve the control of antibiotic resistomes by reducing ARG and MGE hosts and blocking their HGT events. Specifically, mature compost significantly accelerated microbial metabolisms and increased composting temperature to sterilize ARG hosts and thus vertical gene transfer events during thermophilic stage. Thus, the rebound in relative abundance of ARG was effectively inhibited to increase their overall removal by 8.3% – 14.9%, particularly for high-risk ones. These results propose a simple but pragmatic strategy to mitigate significant antimicrobial resistance risks from home composting to safeguard environmental and public health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23969,"journal":{"name":"Waste management","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 115312"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Waste managementPub Date : 2026-01-30Epub Date: 2025-12-26DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115316
William Ramos da Silva , Clístenes Williams Araújo do Nascimento , Felipe José Cury Fracetto , Arthur Prudêncio de Araújo Pereira , Diogo Henrique de Sá Veloso Ximenes , Simone Aparecida da Silva Lins , Cintia Caroline Gouveia da Silva , Giselle Gomes Monteiro Fracetto
{"title":"Thermal versus chemical stabilization of sewage sludge: Effects on soil chemical properties, microbial functionality, and maize yield in a tropical soil","authors":"William Ramos da Silva , Clístenes Williams Araújo do Nascimento , Felipe José Cury Fracetto , Arthur Prudêncio de Araújo Pereira , Diogo Henrique de Sá Veloso Ximenes , Simone Aparecida da Silva Lins , Cintia Caroline Gouveia da Silva , Giselle Gomes Monteiro Fracetto","doi":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reuse of sewage sludge in agriculture represents a sustainable strategy to improve soil fertility, promote nutrient cycling, and reduce environmental liabilities. This study evaluated the effects of thermally (TS) and chemically stabilized (CS) sewage sludge, applied at rates of 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup>, on the chemical and microbial properties of a soil cultivated with maize (<em>Zea mays</em> L.). A comprehensive set of soil attributes was assessed, including microbial biomass C, N, and P, enzyme activities, and the abundance of structural and functional genes (16S rRNA, 18S rRNA, <em>nif</em>H, <em>pho</em>D, <em>amo</em>-AOB). CS application increased total organic carbon and nitrogen contents by up to 60 % and 50 %, respectively, and elevated nitrate and ammonium concentrations to around 300 and 60 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>. It also stimulated enzymatic activity and microbial nitrogen use efficiency, resulting in a nearly 40 % higher grain yield than TS. Conversely, TS promoted a 117 % rise in fungal abundance and greater microbial biomass C, while exhibiting lower urease and alkaline phosphatase activities. Moreover, CS raised <em>pho</em>D gene abundance by up to 25 % and <em>amo</em>-AOB by 32 % compared with TS, resulting in a more energetically balanced soil system that favored nutrient cycling. Overall, CS strengthened microbial functioning and nutrient utilization, sustaining maize productivity under tropical conditions and highlighting the potential of biosolid recycling to reconcile agricultural intensification with environmental stewardship and circular economy principles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23969,"journal":{"name":"Waste management","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 115316"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Waste managementPub Date : 2026-01-30Epub Date: 2025-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115291
Hao Ye , Wenjie Yan , Xu Xin , Kejian Dang , Yubing Tao
{"title":"Preparation and characterization of expanded perlite and industrial waste salt composite thermochemical heat storage material","authors":"Hao Ye , Wenjie Yan , Xu Xin , Kejian Dang , Yubing Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reuse of industrial waste salts offers significant potential for environmental protection and resource conservation. This study investigates the application of industrial waste salt, primarily composed of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, as a thermochemical heat storage material. Expanded perlite was selected as the porous matrix to prepare composite materials, and comparative analyses were performed to evaluate the water adsorption, dehydration, and cyclic performance of waste salt and pure salt composite materials. Results indicate minimal differences in water adsorption and dehydration behavior between waste and pure salts. The heat storage density of pure salt and waste salt are 541 J·g<sup>−1</sup> and 515 J·g<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The both composite materials demonstrated a water adsorption capacity of approximately 1.0 g·g<sup>−1</sup> within 24 h and complete dehydration within 4 h. Expanded perlite effectively mitigated deliquescence leakage during hydration, maintaining structural integrity. Additionally, the water adsorption rate increased with humidity. This study highlights that the thermochemical energy storage properties of waste salts are comparable to those of pure salts, making waste salts a cost-effective alternative for thermal storage material development. This approach provides a sustainable pathway for industrial waste salt reuse, eliminating the need for costly purification processes and supporting large-scale applications in energy storage systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23969,"journal":{"name":"Waste management","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 115291"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145757626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Waste managementPub Date : 2026-01-30Epub Date: 2025-12-03DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115268
Yan Ma , Ningbo Gao , Cui Quan , Miskolczi Norbert
{"title":"H2-rich syngas production through separator pyrolysis over LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 pre-catalysts derived from spent lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Yan Ma , Ningbo Gao , Cui Quan , Miskolczi Norbert","doi":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The proper recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is critical for both economic and environmental sustainability. This work<!--> <!-->proposes using the endogenous separator of spent LIBs as an energy material and the LiNi<sub>1/3</sub>Co<sub>1/3</sub>Mn<sub>1/3</sub>O<sub>2</sub> pre-catalyst from the cathode material as a catalyst for catalytic reforming to produce H<sub>2</sub>-rich syngas. The separator pyrolysis gas promoted the formation of Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> and reduced transition metals in the pre-catalyst, resulting in a more robust NiCo alloy and MnO with good catalytic activity and thermostability in terms of H<sub>2</sub> yield. The maximum H<sub>2</sub> yield and selectivity were 40.19 mmol·g<sub>sep.</sub><sup>−1</sup> and 54.26 % at 800 °C, respectively. The H<sub>2</sub> yield and selectivity during 10 cycle reaction ranged from 20-40 mmol·g<sub>sep.</sub><sup>−1</sup> and 40–50 %, respectively, with no carbon deposits on the catalyst surface. The work presents novel formulations and new insights into the endogenous recycling of spent LIBs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23969,"journal":{"name":"Waste management","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 115268"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145678718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Water-assisted delamination of cathode active materials from aluminum foil during electrical pulsed discharge for direct lithium-ion battery recycling","authors":"Chiharu Tokoro , Mutsumi Sayama , Takatoshi Kurihara , Takuji Kirihara , Akiko Kubota , Asako Narita","doi":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sustainable recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) requires the selective separation of cathode active materials (CAMs) from aluminum (Al) current collectors without degrading their functional properties. Electrical pulsed discharge (EPD) is a promising pretreatment method; however, delamination can be inconsistent owing to interfacial degradation and non-uniform current flow. We investigated a simple water-assisted approach in which a thin surface coating of water was applied before EPD. Experiments using commercial cathode sheets showed that water coating markedly enhanced CAM delamination, achieving over 90 % at 0.250 J/mg and reaching 94 % at 0.305 J/mg, whereas the uncoated samples failed to delaminate. Importantly, enhanced delamination was achieved without increasing the Al pulverization. High-speed imaging revealed that delamination initiated locally beneath the water-coated regions and propagated outward. Complementary simulations showed that thermal stress alone could not account for this behavior. The rapid vaporization of interfacial water generated transient opening pressures exceeding 100 MPa near the coated interface. These stresses (≈30 MPa) propagated across the CAM layer to the opposing side, contributing to delamination. These results identify water-assisted vapor expansion, rather than thermal stress alone, as the principal driver of coating-enhanced delamination. This facile, chemical-free method offers a robust pathway to improve direct LiB recycling efficiency and reduce environmental impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23969,"journal":{"name":"Waste management","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 115267"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145678660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Waste managementPub Date : 2026-01-30Epub Date: 2025-12-25DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115307
Friso G. Versteeg , Ruben J. de Korte , Sphurti P. Kulkarni , Georgios Stefanidis , Kevin M. Van Geem
{"title":"Recycling strategies for plastics in end-of-life vehicles: a complete overview","authors":"Friso G. Versteeg , Ruben J. de Korte , Sphurti P. Kulkarni , Georgios Stefanidis , Kevin M. Van Geem","doi":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the global number of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) surges, so does the urgency to address the mounting challenge of sustainable waste management. Plastics, which make up 10–15% of a vehicle’s mass, are at the center of this challenge. Historically, these materials, especially single-polymer components, have been incinerated, landfilled, or indiscriminately shredded into automotive shredder residue (ASR). With increasingly stringent EU regulations and rising public demand for circularity, such environmentally burdensome practices are no longer tenable. This review casts a spotlight on the overlooked potential of ELV plastics, offering a comprehensive analysis of current recycling approaches and emerging innovations. Polymer-specific strategies are explored to transform waste into value, unlocking new circular pathways for both thermoplastics and thermosets. Mechanical recycling, despite limitations from contamination, additive complexity, and polymer degradation, remains the most viable and scalable route for common thermoplastics such as polypropylene, polyethylene, and polyamide. More complex materials, such as thermoset polyurethanes or epoxy resins, require advanced chemical processes including glycolysis and acidolysis. Innovative methods, such as solvent-based separation and pyrolysis, are gaining traction, offering monomer recovery and material upcycling. Life cycle assessments (LCAs) provide critical insights into the environmental trade-offs between recycling, incineration, and landfill, reinforcing the need for smarter, greener systems. By embracing polymer-specific recycling strategies, and investing in next-generation sorting, closed-loop systems, and supportive policies, the automotive industry can move beyond incremental change. Large-scale, economically feasible ELV plastic recovery is not only possible, it is imperative for a truly circular automotive future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23969,"journal":{"name":"Waste management","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 115307"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Waste managementPub Date : 2026-01-30Epub Date: 2025-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115290
Xue Li , Yingjie Sun , Weihua Li , Qingjian Zhang , Yanqi Nie , Dong Liu , Weichen Xu , Xuexin Fu , Rongxing Bian , Huawei Wang , Ya-nan Wang
{"title":"Leaching behavior and mechanisms of PCDD/Fs from solidified/stabilized fly ash under landfill leachate and alkali washing conditions: Inspired by co-landfilling with MSW","authors":"Xue Li , Yingjie Sun , Weihua Li , Qingjian Zhang , Yanqi Nie , Dong Liu , Weichen Xu , Xuexin Fu , Rongxing Bian , Huawei Wang , Ya-nan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Substantial generation of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and limited landfill capacity have led to improper co-landfilling of solidified/stabilized (S/S) fly ash with municipal solid waste (MSW). Therefore, S/S fly ash is susceptible to erosion by leachate, and secondary alkaline washing caused by rainfall on newly landfilled S/S fly ash. To elucidate the leaching behavior of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and identify key release influencing factors, this study employed column experiments following US EPA Method 1320 to simulate dynamic leaching process where leachate and NaOH solution sequentially permeate through S/S fly ash. Results showed that the mass and toxic equivalent (TEQ) concentrations of PCDD/Fs in the eluate were associated with the phase transfer of dissolved organic matter. Notably, the dense structure formed by the high-molecular chelator S/S fly ash, combined with the abundant dissolved organic matter in old leachate, facilitated the attainment of critical micelle concentration of dissolved organic matter within S/S fly ash, thereby promoting the release of PCDD/Fs. Additionally, alkali washing induced the secondary release of PCDD/Fs. Heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins/heptachlorodibenzofurans (H<sub>7</sub>CDD/Fs) and octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin/octachlorodibenzofuran (O<sub>8</sub>CDD/Fs) were the dominant homologues in the eluates, indicating dissolved organic matter exhibited higher affinity for highly chlorinated PCDD/Fs. pH and electrical conductivity affected the conformation and hydrophilicity of dissolved organic matter. An increase in pH weakened dissolved organic matter-PCDD/Fs interactions, while electrical conductivity exhibited complex effects. Historical improper landfilling practices involving fly ash and MSW remain concerns, particularly long-term PCDD/Fs leaching risks posed by old leachate on S/S fly ash stabilized with high-molecular chelator.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23969,"journal":{"name":"Waste management","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 115290"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145737664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}