中华流行病学杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Current status and temporal trends in osteoarthritis burden in China: an age-period-cohort analysis with projection].","authors":"J Y Xu, G L Wang, Y S Li, X R Zhou, J Q Zhang, Y W Wang, L J Lei, X Q Hu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251014-00721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251014-00721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To analyze the trends and driving factors of the disease burden of osteoarthritis (OA) in China from 1990 to 2021 and predict the incidence from 2022 to 2051. <b>Methods:</b> Based on data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021, Joinpoint regression and decomposition analysis were used to evaluate the trends and driving factors of OA burden in China. An age-period-cohort model was constructed with data from 1992 to 2021 to assess age, period, and cohort effects. A Bayesian age-period-cohort model was applied to predict the incidence trend from 2022 to 2051. <b>Results:</b> In 2021, the age-standardized incidence, prevalence, and disability adjusted of life years rates of OA in China were 554.61/100 000, 7 030.66/100 000, and 244.79/100 000, increased by 13.86%, 14.34%, and 16.23% respectively compared with 1990. Both burden and growth rate were higher than global average. The fastest growth was during 2000-2005 (annual percent change=2.01%). The incidence risk of OA in female was 1.49 times than that in male, with significant differences in knee and hand OA; the incidence risk of hip OA in male was higher. The overall incidence risk peaked at 52.5 years, earliest for knee (47.5 years). Aging was the main driving factor; hand and hip OA risk increased faster. Projections showed hand OA rising sharply from 2022 to 2051, knee OA declining, hip and other subtypes increasing steadily. <b>Conclusion:</b> The burden of OA in China continues to rise. Targeted prevention and control by subtype is required, with emphasis on strengthening interventions for hand and hip OA and consolidating the effectiveness of knee OA control.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"47 7","pages":"1302-1310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148593477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Trends in dietary structure and patterns in urban and rural residents in Guangdong Province, 2002-2022].","authors":"S J Zhang, X M Hong, Y T Fang, X Meng, Z H Chen, P P Huang, S C Li, J Wen, W Wu, G G Ding, G Y Ji, J W Peng","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251111-00815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251111-00815","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To analyze the patterns of dietary structure and nutritional status of urban and rural residents in Guangdong Province from 2002 to 2022, and provide evidence for the development of targeted nutritional intervention strategies. <b>Methods:</b> Data from three rounds of Guangdong Provincial Residents' Nutrition and Health Survey (2002, 2009-2012, and 2022) collected from multistage cluster random sampling were used. Dietary surveys were conducted by using 3-day 24-hour recall method combined with household seasoning weighing. After sampling and post-stratification weighting, the trends in food consumption, nutrient intake, and macronutrient energy contribution ratios were analyzed. <b>Results:</b> The study included 7 726, 5 073, and 4 073 participants in 2002, 2009-2012, and 2022, respectively. Compared with 2002, the average daily intakes of vegetables, animal-based foods, and dairy products increased by 39.8 g, 96.4 g, and 21.6 g, respectively in 2022. The daily average grains intake decreased by 93.2 g, and the fruits intake also showed a downward trend (all <i>P</i><0.001). The daily standardized protein and fat intakes significantly increased from 79.6 g to 83.0 g and from 82.1 g to 98.4 g respectively. The dietary structure had a marked change: the fat energy contribution increased from 32.1% to 44.2%, animal source protein accounted for 73.7% of protein intake, and animal fat provided 55.7% of total energy. The intakes of calcium, thiamine and riboflavin remained at relatively low levels. <b>Conclusions:</b> From 2002 to 2022, the dietary structure of residents in Guangdong had a profound change from traditional pattern to \"high-fat, high-protein, low-carbohydrate\" pattern, highlighting the typical dietary transformation characteristics in area with rapid economy development. Despite adequate energy and protein intakes, severe macronutrient imbalances coexist with insufficient calcium and B-vitamin intakes, presenting new challenges for chronic disease prevention and control.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"47 7","pages":"1278-1285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148593715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Epidemiological characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis in females aged 9-45 years in Chongqing, 2019-2024].","authors":"M D Zhang, X Gao, X X Wang, X Nie, Z K Liu, S Y Zhan","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251111-00814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251111-00814","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the spatiotemporal distribution of incidence density and prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in females aged 9-45 years in Chongqing from 2019 to 2024, and provide evidence for local RA prevention and control. <b>Methods:</b> Based on the data from Chongqing Health Big Data Platform from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2024. A retrospective dynamic cohort of local women aged 9-45 years was established. RA cases were identified and their information were extracted from the electronic medical record system. The annual incidence density and prevalence of RA were calculated, and the temporal trends were analyzed by using Poisson regression models. <b>Results:</b> A total of 6 113 289 females were included in this study, with a baseline age of (26.34±11.15) years. During the follow-up period, 10 590 females were newly diagnosed with RA, with a mean age at onset of (36.29±7.64) years. The incidence density of RA was 43.86/100 000 person-years in 2019, decreased to 26.79/100 000 person-years in 2022, and increase to 35.45/100 000 person-years in 2024, showing an overall downward trend (<i>RR</i>=0.96, 95%<i>CI</i>: 0.95-0.98, <i>P</i><0.001). The incidence density increased significantly with age (all <i>P</i><0.001), with the highest rate observed in age group 40-45 years. The overall prevalence of RA increased from 78.30/100 000 in 2019 to 178.92/100 000 in 2024, showing a significant upward trend (<i>RR</i>=1.17, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.16-1.18, <i>P</i><0.001). Similarly, the prevalence increased markedly with age (all <i>P</i><0.001), with the highest prevalence in age group 40-45 years. <b>Conclusions:</b> From 2019 to 2024, the prevalence of RA increased steadily, whereas the incidence density showed an overall decrease in females aged 9-45 years in Chongqing. The risk for RA exhibited a strong age-dependent pattern, indicating the necessity to strengthen the prevention and control of RA and early screening of RA in females aged 9-45 years to mitigate the disease burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"47 7","pages":"1318-1324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148593600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Epidemiological trends and spatiotemporal distribution of rabies in China, 2010-2024].","authors":"S M Lyu, X Chen, J H Zhang, D Mu, C J Zheng","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20260204-00095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20260204-00095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To characterize the temporal trends and spatiotemporal distribution of human rabies in China from 2010 to 2024, and provide evidence for identification of priority control areas, detection of emerging epidemic areas, and development of targeted prevention strategies. <b>Methods:</b> The incidence data of rabies were collected during 2010-2024 from Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System.Temporal trend was analyzed by using Joinpoint regression 4.9.1 software. Spatial autocorrelation at the county level was evaluated by using software ArcGIS 10.8. Spatiotemporal clustering was identified by using software SaTScan 9.3, and seasonal pattern was analyzed by using circular distribution method. <b>Results:</b> A total of 10 958 rabies cases were reported in China during the study period with a mean annual incidence rate of 0.05/100 000. The incidence of rabies declined markedly (average annual percent change=-7.55%, <i>t</i>=-5.36,<i>P</i><0.001). The rabies incidence exhibited clear seasonality, with 5 398 cases (49.26%) occurring between July and November, and a noticeable delay in incidence peak and epidemic period was observed during 2019-2024. Men (7 743 cases) were mainly affected compared with women (3 215 cases), the difference was significant (<i>χ</i>²=111.06, <i>P</i><0.001). The majority of cases were aged 15-64 years (63.16%), the proportion of the cases in those aged ≥65 years increased substantially from 17.75% to 39.29% with a peak of 44.36%. The majority of the cases were farmers (71.47%). The top three provinces in terms of cumulative cases were Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (1 428 cases), Hunan Province (1 109 cases), and Guangdong Province (1 049 cases). In 2024, up to 90.98% (111/122) of the affected counties were historical epidemic areas. Spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed significant clustering (Moran's <i>I</i>: 0.05-0.28, <i>P</i><0.001), the hotspots were mainly in southwestern and southern China, showing a northward expansion. Spatiotemporal scanning analysis identified six statistically significant clustering areas, mainly located in interprovincial border areas. No new clustering areas were detected after February 2016. <b>Conclusions:</b> From 2010 to 2024, the human rabies incidence in China declined substantially, with a change of wide transmission to low-level sporadic pattern. High-risk areas shifted northward, with more transmission in historical epidemic areas. Middle-aged and older male farmers remained the most affected population, indicating that it is necessary to target the areas and populations at high risk and improve the resource allocation based on current comprehensive prevention and control measures to further reduce the incidence of rabies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"47 7","pages":"1294-1301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148593605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Operation of WeChat official accounts of <i>Chinese Journal of Epidemiology</i>].","authors":"J Zhang, Z Dou, Y L Wan, J Y Zhao, L Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20260407-00229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20260407-00229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Analyze the operation of the WeChat official account of the <i>Chinese Journal of Epidemiology</i>, so as to better use the WeChat official account platform to disseminate academic research results, improve the journal's influence and service ability for readers and authors. <b>Methods:</b> By searching all the tweets on the WeChat official account of the \"Chinese Journal of Epidemiology\" operated by the <i>Chinese Journal of Epidemiology</i>, we analyzed the tweets sent on the WeChat official account from May 2021 to March 31, 2026. Using metrics such as overall reach, average post reach, headline reach, peak reach, and WeChat communication index (WCI), we evaluated the performance of the official account. Linear regression was employed to analyze trends in key indicators, while VOSviewer 1.6.20 software was used for keyword co-occurrence analysis. <b>Results:</b> As of March 31, 2026, the WeChat official account of the \"Chinese Journal of Epidemiology\" had published 237 articles, with an average read count of 3 302.86 per article and a WCI of 154.66. Linear regression analysis revealed that the average read count, average \"like\" count, average \"share\" count, and average \"star\" count all showed an upward trend (all <i>P</i><0.05). The \"Standard-Protocol-Guideline\" and \"Expert Forum/Editorial\" sections ranked highest in average read count (8 235.00 and 3 655.11 reads respectively), while articles on emerging infectious diseases achieved an average read count of 4 369.20. Articles from other sections also garnered significant attention through diverse presentation formats. <b>Conclusions:</b> The <i>Chinese Journal of Epidemiology</i>'s WeChat official account tweets have high communication power and influence, and have become a mature and influential academic exchange platform for epidemiology. In addition to keeping an eye on the academic achievements of this journal, we should strengthen the operation and maintenance of WeChat official account, enrich the content and form of tweets, strengthen the operation and maintenance of WeChat official account, and further improve the ability to serve the readers and authors.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"47 6","pages":"1165-1170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148353526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Mendelian randomization study on related factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma and Barrett's esophagus].","authors":"Y R Zhang, X T Yang, Y Zhong, X R Yang, M Lyu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251011-00711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251011-00711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the causal associations between 47 potential risk factors and the risks of Barrett's esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) using Mendelian randomization (MR). <b>Methods:</b> Genome-wide association study summary statistics for 47 exposures, as well as for BE and EAC, were included. The causal associations were evaluated using the random-effects inverse variance weighted method. Horizontal pleiotropy was assessed using MR-Egger and MR-PRESSO methods. The Benjamini-Hochberg method was applied for multiple testing correction. <b>Results:</b> The MR analysis showed that waist-to-hip ratio, body fat percentage, trunk fat mass, trunk fat percentage, whole-body fat mass, and never smoking were causally associated with the risk of BE (adjusted <i>P</i><0.05). Body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, body fat percentage, trunk fat mass, trunk fat percentage, whole-body fat mass, basal metabolic rate, duration of regular smoking, educational attainment (college or above), and years of education were causally associated with the risk of EAC (adjusted <i>P</i><0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> Genetically predicted obesity-related traits and never smoking were causally associated with the risk of BE. Obesity-related traits, basal metabolic rate, duration of regular smoking, educational attainment (college or above), and years of education were causally associated with the risk of EAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"47 6","pages":"1151-1157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148353574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Survival status and its influencing factors among HIV-infected individuals during different confirmation periods in Henan Province, 1995-2023].","authors":"N Li, L Liu, Y M Ma, Y G Nie, P Y Fan, Y Xi, D Y Zhao, G L Zhang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251105-00796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251105-00796","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To analyze the survival status and influencing factors among HIV-infected individuals in Henan Province during different confirmation periods from 1995 to 2023, and to provide a scientific basis for optimizing the \"early detection, early treatment\" strategy. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; The data were derived from the Chinese Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV-infected individuals was divided into four periods based on confirmation period: 1995-2007, 2008-2013, 2014-2016, and 2017-2023. A retrospective cohort study was conducted. The life table method was used to calculate survival probability, the Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate median survival time and to draw the survival curve; the log-rank test was used to compare differences between groups, and the Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of survival. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Among the 109 520 HIV-infected individuals, the all-cause mortality density was 3.83/100 person-years, the average survival time was 18.30 years, with a median of 22.57 years; the cumulative survival probabilities at 1, 5, 10, 20, and 30 years were 88.23%, 76.81%, 67.68%, 53.35%, and 40.99% respectively; the survival time of those who received antiretroviral therapy (ART) (27.22 years) was significantly more than that of those who did not receive ART (0.75 years, &lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=61 676.44, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001). Multivariate Cox regression showed that male (a&lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=1.31, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 1.28-1.34), ≥45 years old (a&lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=1.67, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 1.48-1.88 for 45-59 years old; a&lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=2.82, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 2.49-3.19 for ≥60 years old), farmer or migrant worker (a&lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=1.43, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 1.38-1.48), blood transmission (a&lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=1.19, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 1.16-1.23), no CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T lymphocytes (CD4) counts (a&lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=3.49, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 3.37-3.61), not receiving ART (a&lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=5.22, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 5.07-5.38) were risk factors for survival. The mortality risk of married individuals (a&lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=0.85, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.82-0.89) or divorced/widowed individuals (a&lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=0.88, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.84-0.91) was lower than that of unmarried individuals, and having junior high school (a&lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=0.90, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.88-0.93) or senior high school education (a&lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=0.66, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.63-0.69) was associated with lower mortality risk relative to primary school education. The detailed causes of death were mainly cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (23.32%) and malignant tumors (13.04%). &lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; With the continuous optimization and popularization of ART strategies, the long-term survival status among HIV-infected individuals in Henan Province has significantly improved from 1995 to 2023. It is necessary to strengthen early detection and early treatment, focus on key populations such as the elderly, farmers, and migrant workers, promote the co-management of HIV infection and chronic non-communicable diseases like cardiovascular ","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"47 6","pages":"1105-1113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148353807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A study on the major chronic diseases and hearing impairment among middle-aged and older adults in China].","authors":"Anargul Abudurexiti, Y H Song, H X Ma, H Jia, G Hu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251031-00781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251031-00781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore the association between major chronic diseases and their cumulative number and the risk of hearing impairment in middle-aged and older adults in China. <b>Methods:</b> Based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study from 2011 to 2020, middle-aged and older adults without hearing impairment in 2011 were included as the baseline population. Follow-up for hearing impairment outcomes was conducted in 2013, 2015, 2018, and 2020. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the association between major chronic diseases, their cumulative number, and the risk of hearing impairment, with <i>HR</i>s and 95%<i>CI</i>s calculated. Subgroup analyses were performed by age (<65 years and ≥65 years) and sex. <b>Results:</b> Among the 8 144 middle-aged and older adults included in the study, with a mean follow-up of 7.78 person-years, 1 094 new cases of hearing impairment were identified, yielding an incidence density of 17.68 per 1 000 person-years. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis revealed that, for individual major chronic diseases, diabetes (<i>HR</i>=1.27, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.01-1.60), heart disease (<i>HR</i>=1.66, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.40-1.96), arthritis (<i>HR</i>=1.20, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.06-1.37), and chronic kidney disease (<i>HR</i>=1.29, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.02-1.62) were statistically significantly associated with hearing impairment risk. In contrast, hypertension, chronic lung disease, and stroke showed no statistically significant association with hearing impairment. Compared with middle-aged and older adults without any major chronic diseases, the <i>HR</i>s (95%<i>CI</i>s) for individuals with a cumulative number of 1, 2, and ≥3 major chronic diseases were 1.24 (1.07-1.43), 1.51 (1.27-1.79), and 1.86 (1.50-2.31), respectively, indicating a significant trend of increasing risk of hearing impairment with a greater number of chronic diseases (<i>P</i><0.001). Subgroup analyses indicated that having 1, 2, and ≥3 major chronic diseases increased the risk of hearing impairment in both middle-aged adults (<65 years) and older adults (≥65 years). However, the trend was more pronounced in the <65 years age group compared to the ≥65 years group. Additionally, males were more susceptible to the effects in the early stages, whereas females exhibited a cumulative increase in risk. <b>Conclusions:</b> Major chronic diseases and their cumulative number are risk factors for hearing impairment. In the prevention and control of hearing impairment, focused attention should be given to middle-aged and older adults with major chronic diseases. Furthermore, in clinical practice, emphasis should be placed on gender-specific considerations, which will be of significant importance for the early prevention and intervention of hearing impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"47 6","pages":"1054-1061"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148353835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Association between sex hormone levels and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in older adults aged 65 years and above in 18 longevity areas in China].","authors":"X S Fu, J H Chen, C Chen, X Y Ma, Y X Yang, J Wang, Z Y Zhu, Z H Zhang, J J Yang, S R Chen, W H Shi, Z P Li, X Meng, Y Li, X M Shi, Y B Lyu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251209-00886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251209-00886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the association between levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone (T), and estradiol (E2) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in participants aged ≥65 years residing in 18 longevity regions of China. <b>Methods:</b> Based on the 2021 China Healthy Ageing and Biomarkers Cohort Study, 5 556 participants were enrolled. Plasma FSH, T, and E2 levels were measured using chemiluminescent immunoassay, while hs-CRP levels were determined via latex immunoturbidimetry. Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the change in hs-CRP concentration (<i>β</i> value) per 1 standard deviation increase in sex hormones, along with its 95%<i>CI</i>. Restricted cubic spline models were applied to explore nonlinear associations, and analyses were stratified by sex. <b>Results:</b> The age of male participants was (82.9±10.6) years. Median sex hormone levels were as follows: male: FSH 22.3 IU/L, T 411.4 ng/dl, E2 30.5 pg/ml; female: FSH 77.4 IU/L, T 22.1 ng/dl (E2 detection rate in females was only 10.6%). Multiple linear regression model revealed that after adjusting for confounding factors: for each one-standard-deviation increase in male T (166.0 ng/dl), hs-CRP decreased by 0.290 mg/L on average; <i>β</i> (95%<i>CI</i>)=-0.290 (-0.340 - -0.231); for each standard deviation increase in E2 (10.8 pg/ml), hs-CRP decreased by 0.124 mg/L on average, <i>β</i> (95%<i>CI</i>)=-0.124 (-0.171 - -0.067). For each standard deviation increase in female T (44.5 ng/dl), hs-CRP decreased by 0.051 mg/L on average, <i>β</i> (95%<i>CI</i>)=-0.051 (-0.098 - -0.004). Neither male nor female FSH was statistically associated with hs-CRP. Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a negative nonlinear association between T in both sexes and hs-CRP (all <i>P</i> for nonlinear <0.001); male E2 showed a negative association with hs-CRP (<i>P</i> for overall <0.001). <b>Conclusion:</b> Among participants aged ≥65 years in 18 longevity regions of China, male T and E2 were negatively associated with hs-CRP. Female T was also negatively associated with hs-CRP.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"47 6","pages":"1008-1014"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148353866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A study of second-line antituberculosis drug concentrations and their association with treatment outcomes in patients with multidrug-resistant or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis].","authors":"M J Liu, Q Qiu, C J Zhao, X B Zheng, D N Li, Y T Han, B B Che, B Xu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20260102-00001","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20260102-00001","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To understand the distribution and associated factors of second-line antituberculosis drug concentrations in patients with multidrug-resistant or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB), and to explore their association with treatment outcomes. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; A multi-center prospective cohort study was conducted at three designated tuberculosis hospitals in Nantong and Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, and Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province. Patients with newly diagnosed MDR/RR-TB who received standard treatment between January 2022 and December 2024 were included. After 14 days of treatment, venous blood samples were collected at 2 and 6 hours post-dose to measure the plasma concentrations of linezolid, bedaquiline, clofazimine, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, cycloserine, and pyrazinamide using a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected to investigate the factors associated with plasma drug concentrations, and the relationship between drug concentrations and treatment outcomes was further evaluated. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; A total of 99 MDR/RR-TB patients were included in this study, with 73.7% being male and a median (&lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) age of 53.6 (37.2, 67.5) years. Pulmonary cavities were observed in 39.4% of patients at baseline. The regimen consisting of bedaquiline, linezolid, fluoroquinolones, cycloserine, and clofazimine was the most frequently prescribed one (44.4%, 44/99). Regarding the drugs, cycloserine (91.9%), linezolid (87.9%), and clofazimine (84.8%) were the most commonly prescribed agents. The median (&lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) values for peak drug concentration (C&lt;sub&gt;max&lt;/sub&gt;) of linezolid, pyrazinamide, cycloserine, clofazimine, bedaquiline, moxifloxacin, and levofloxacin were 15.000 (11.801, 18.048), 25.988 (22.997, 31.000), 10.604 (7.480, 17.251), 0.662 (0.513, 0.844), 2.290 (1.445, 3.353), 2.591 (2.162, 3.371), 8.550 (6.844, 11.352) mg/L, respectively. Interindividual variability in Cmax was observed across all drugs, with cycloserine, bedaquiline, and moxifloxacin demonstrating particularly high coefficients of variation (all &lt;i&gt;CV&lt;/i&gt; &gt;70.0%). Correlation analysis revealed positive relationships between clofazimine and bedaquiline (&lt;i&gt;ρ&lt;/i&gt;=0.487, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.006) and between levofloxacin and linezolid (&lt;i&gt;ρ&lt;/i&gt;=0.571, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.004). The dose-to-weight ratio was found to be significantly associated with the concentrations of pyrazinamide (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;=0.530, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.120-0.940, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.010), linezolid (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;=0.900, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.250-1.550, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.007), cycloserine (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;=1.080, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.350-1.760, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.004), and fluoroquinolones (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;=0.680, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.200-1.160, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.005), while age was associated with the concentrations of cycloserine (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;=0.190, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.060-0.310, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.010), and fluoroquinolones (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;=0.060, ","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"47 6","pages":"1135-1143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148353688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}