中华流行病学杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Progress in research of visualization of ideology and politics elements in curriculum and its importance for <i>Epidemiology</i> curriculum].","authors":"Y Q Huo, W J Gao, X Y Qin, T Wu, S Y Zhan","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20250930-00696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20250930-00696","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ideology and politics elements in professional curriculum can play an important role in cultivating qualified professionals with correct morality. Applying visualization technology in ideology and politics education can integrate teaching resources sufficiently, facilitate students' understanding, thus improve their learning efficiency and teachers' teaching performance. This paper summarizes the current research status of the visualization of ideology and politics elements in professional curriculum, explore its cutting-edge development trends, and provide references for the development visualization of ideology and politics elements and improvement of its teaching quality for <i>Epidemiology</i> curriculum.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"47 6","pages":"1171-1176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148353584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Prospective associations of rest-activity rhythms and obesity and adiposity-related measures in children].","authors":"H Z Zhu, Y Zhou, Q Li, F B Tao, Y Sun","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20250927-00686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20250927-00686","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore the prospective associations between rest-activity rhythms (RARs) with obesity and adiposity-related indicators in children. <b>Methods:</b> In April 2023, children in grades 3 to 4 were enrolled from two schools in Chuzhou city, Anhui Province, using cluster random sampling. At baseline, triaxial accelerometers were used to monitor physical activity and sleep continuously for 7 consecutive days. Using R studio software, non-parametric indices(relative amplitude, inter-daily stability, intra-daily variability, average activity during the most active 10 h and least active 5 h, and their midpoints) were calculated. Parametric indices (amplitude, 24 h periodic mean activity, and acrophase) were also derived. At baseline and during the 1.5-year follow-up (October 2024), body fat-related indices, including percent body fat (PBF), fat mass (FM), and visceral fat area (VFA), were measured using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer. Linear mixed-effects models were employed to analyze the associations between RARs and obesity and body fat-related indices. <b>Results:</b> The final analysis included 534 children with a median (<i>Q</i>₁, <i>Q</i>₃) age of 9.72 (9.17, 10.20) years at baseline; 265 (48.18%) were girls. Relative amplitude and amplitude were associated with reductions in PBF (<i>β</i>=-0.87, 95%<i>CI</i>: -0.53 - -0.20; <i>β</i>=-1.23, 95%<i>CI</i>: -1.89 - -0.56), FM (<i>β</i>=-0.49, 95%<i>CI</i>: -0.89 - -0.08; <i>β</i>=-0.70, 95%<i>CI</i>: -1.10 - -0.30), and VFA (<i>β</i>=-2.70, 95%<i>CI</i>: -4.83 - -0.58; <i>β</i>=-3.66, 95%<i>CI</i>: -5.78 - -1.55) at follow-up (all <i>P</i> values <0.05). Amplitude was associated with reductions in BMI (<i>β</i>=-0.28, 95%<i>CI</i>: -0.51 - -0.05) and waist circumference (<i>β</i>=-0.87, 95%<i>CI</i>: -1.33 - -0.40)(both <i>P</i><0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> Robust circadian rhythms, characterized by higher daytime activity and stable nighttime sleep, are protective factors for obesity and adiposity-related indicators in children, suggesting that fostering regular rest-activity patterns helps prevent childhood obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"47 6","pages":"1069-1075"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148353636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Correlation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure with gestational age acceleration and birth outcomes in monozygotic twins].","authors":"L Q Hu, H Mei, F Y Xiang, M Yang, H Xiao","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251016-00731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251016-00731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the associations between in utero per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure and gestational age acceleration, as well as the relationship of this acceleration with birth outcomes, using a small sample of monozygotic (MZ) twins. <b>Methods:</b> We studied 20 MZ twin pairs and their mothers from the Wuhan Twin Birth Cohort. Cord blood DNA methylation was measured using Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC 935K array. Gestational age acceleration was calculated using three established clocks (Knight, Bohlin, and Haftorn), yielding the metrics ageAcc.Knight, ageAcc.Bohlin, and ageAcc.Haftorn. Birth outcomes included weight, length, and head circumference. Data were analyzed using Spearman and Pearson correlation analyses and linear mixed models. <b>Results:</b> In individual-level analyses, positive correlations were observed between perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and all three gestational age acceleration (Spearman <i>ρ</i>=0.55, 0.35, and 0.36, respectively). 6∶2 chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acid (6∶2 Cl-PFESA) were also positively correlated with ageAcc.Knight (<i>ρ</i>=0.33). After covariate adjustment, the positive associations of PFOS, perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and 6∶2 Cl-PFESA with ageAcc.Knight remained significant in linear mixed models. In within-twin-pair analyses, higher maternal PFOS concentrations in mid- and late pregnancy were associated with a greater intra-twin difference in ageAcc.Bohlin (mid-pregnancy: <i>ρ</i>=0.46, <i>P</i>=0.040; late pregnancy: <i>ρ</i>=0.53, <i>P</i>=0.018). ageAcc.Bohlin was inversely correlated with head circumference at the individual level (<i>r</i>=-0.33, <i>P</i>=0.035). The within-pair difference in ageAcc.Bohlin showed a positive correlation with the head circumference difference (<i>r</i>=0.48, <i>P</i>=0.032). <b>Conclusion:</b> In-utero PFOS exposure may have an association with gestational age acceleration, which may influence neonatal head circumference development.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"47 6","pages":"1144-1150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148353824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A study of second-line antituberculosis drug concentrations and their association with treatment outcomes in patients with multidrug-resistant or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis].","authors":"M J Liu, Q Qiu, C J Zhao, X B Zheng, D N Li, Y T Han, B B Che, B Xu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20260102-00001","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20260102-00001","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To understand the distribution and associated factors of second-line antituberculosis drug concentrations in patients with multidrug-resistant or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB), and to explore their association with treatment outcomes. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; A multi-center prospective cohort study was conducted at three designated tuberculosis hospitals in Nantong and Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, and Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province. Patients with newly diagnosed MDR/RR-TB who received standard treatment between January 2022 and December 2024 were included. After 14 days of treatment, venous blood samples were collected at 2 and 6 hours post-dose to measure the plasma concentrations of linezolid, bedaquiline, clofazimine, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, cycloserine, and pyrazinamide using a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected to investigate the factors associated with plasma drug concentrations, and the relationship between drug concentrations and treatment outcomes was further evaluated. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; A total of 99 MDR/RR-TB patients were included in this study, with 73.7% being male and a median (&lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) age of 53.6 (37.2, 67.5) years. Pulmonary cavities were observed in 39.4% of patients at baseline. The regimen consisting of bedaquiline, linezolid, fluoroquinolones, cycloserine, and clofazimine was the most frequently prescribed one (44.4%, 44/99). Regarding the drugs, cycloserine (91.9%), linezolid (87.9%), and clofazimine (84.8%) were the most commonly prescribed agents. The median (&lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) values for peak drug concentration (C&lt;sub&gt;max&lt;/sub&gt;) of linezolid, pyrazinamide, cycloserine, clofazimine, bedaquiline, moxifloxacin, and levofloxacin were 15.000 (11.801, 18.048), 25.988 (22.997, 31.000), 10.604 (7.480, 17.251), 0.662 (0.513, 0.844), 2.290 (1.445, 3.353), 2.591 (2.162, 3.371), 8.550 (6.844, 11.352) mg/L, respectively. Interindividual variability in Cmax was observed across all drugs, with cycloserine, bedaquiline, and moxifloxacin demonstrating particularly high coefficients of variation (all &lt;i&gt;CV&lt;/i&gt; &gt;70.0%). Correlation analysis revealed positive relationships between clofazimine and bedaquiline (&lt;i&gt;ρ&lt;/i&gt;=0.487, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.006) and between levofloxacin and linezolid (&lt;i&gt;ρ&lt;/i&gt;=0.571, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.004). The dose-to-weight ratio was found to be significantly associated with the concentrations of pyrazinamide (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;=0.530, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.120-0.940, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.010), linezolid (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;=0.900, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.250-1.550, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.007), cycloserine (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;=1.080, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.350-1.760, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.004), and fluoroquinolones (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;=0.680, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.200-1.160, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.005), while age was associated with the concentrations of cycloserine (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;=0.190, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.060-0.310, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.010), and fluoroquinolones (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;=0.060, ","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"47 6","pages":"1135-1143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148353688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A study on the relationship between adult waist-to-height ratio and the incidence of chronic complications of diabetes in China].","authors":"Y W Shan, F Mao, R Zhang, Y S Mei, C H Sun, L Cheng, Y F Yao, J H Li","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251030-00773","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251030-00773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore the relationship between waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and the risk of chronic complications in adults in 11 provinces of China, and to evaluate its value in predicting the risk of diabetic complications. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 3 466 patients with type 2 diabetes from 60 monitoring sites across 11 provinces in China, with an average follow-up of 6.34 years, were included in this study. Patients were grouped into WHtR quartiles, and unconditional multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between WHtR and the risk of chronic diabetic complications. <b>Results:</b> Among the 3 466 patients, 267 developed microvascular complications, 425 developed macrovascular complications, and 75 developed diabetic foot. After adjusting for confounding factors and using patients with WHtR <0.45 as the reference group, patients with WHtR ≥0.55 had a 1.36-fold increased risk of developing microvascular complications (<i>OR</i>=2.36, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.11-5.05), and a 4.36-fold increased risk of developing diabetic foot (<i>OR</i>=5.36, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.16-24.88). At the same time, there was no significant difference in the risk of macrovascular complications. <b>Conclusion:</b> WHtR ≥0.55 increases the risk of microvascular complications and diabetic foot in patients with diabetes, and can serve as a simple screening indicator for the early detection and intervention of chronic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"47 6","pages":"1046-1053"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148353847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Exploration and practice of ideological and political education integration in the \"One Core, Two Integrations\" curriculum model for epidemiology].","authors":"X Q Hu, J N Wei, Y L Feng, W W Wu, L Ding, F Wang, R M Feng, Y Y Zhang, Y Wang, Y Zhang, P Zhang, L J Lei","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251024-00752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251024-00752","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a core course in preventive medicine, epidemiology contains abundant resources for ideological and political education. However, current teaching practices still face challenges such as fragmented exploration of ideological and political elements and awkward integration methods. Grounded in the fundamental mission of moral education and talent cultivation, this study focused on the distinctive characteristics of epidemiology and developed the \"One Core, Two Integrations\" teaching model for ideological and political education for preventive medicine students. This model crystallized the distinctive core educational philosophy: \"Tracing Etiologies, Pursuing Truth; Safeguarding Health, Being Pioneers\". It promoted the deep integration of professional knowledge instruction with scientific worldviews and methodologies, as well as of professional case analysis with professional ethics and social responsibility. Complementary efforts included five systematic teaching resource developments: syllabus optimization, case database construction, online course development, expanded resource integration, and standardized lesson plan compilation. A three-stage teaching implementation process-\"pre-class guidance, in-class deepening, and post-class extension\"-was established and put into practice. The research culminated in a systematic, actionable teaching framework for integrating ideological and political education into epidemiology courses. Its practical application has effectively promoted the coordinated development of students' professional competencies and ethical standards, thus achieving a mutually reinforcing relationship between curriculum development and disciplinary advancement. This framework provides a referenceable model for deepening the integration of ideological education with specialized instruction in epidemiology and related medical disciplines. It holds significant practical value for strengthening the value orientation in public health talent cultivation and advancing the implementation of the Healthy China strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"47 6","pages":"1177-1182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148353508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Study on the risk factors of development for mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease based on the competitive risk joint model].","authors":"A M Wang, Y X Wang, Y H Ma, X Y Yang, G Y Guo, W C Song, S Z Wang, F Y Shi","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251013-00718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251013-00718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To identify the risk factors for the progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) using a competing risks joint model. <b>Methods:</b> This study was based on the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database. Three gradient boosting tree algorithm, namely CatBoost, XGBoost, and LightGBM, were employed to reduce the dimensionality of the high-dimensional lipoprotein and metabolite data (including 250 amino acids, lipids, and energy metabolism-related components, <i>etc</i>.). A random survival forest model (RSF) was used to screen out key demographic, cognitive function scores and metabolic variables. A competing risk joint model was constructed to identify the risk factors for the progression from MCI to AD. <b>Results:</b> A total of 8 lipoprotein and metabolite variables were identified by the three algorithms [creatinine, lactate, glycine, large high-density lipoprotein phospholipids percent (L_HDL_PL_PCT), acetic acid, tyrosine, β-hydroxybutyric acid and valine]. The RSF model identified 14 main variables, including cognitive function indicators [Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ), Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-13 items (ADAS13), Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale word recognition item 4 (ADASQ4), and Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-11 items (ADAS11)], lipoprotein and metabolites (acetic acid, L_HDL_PL_PCT, β-hydroxybutyrate, glycine, and creatinine), and baseline characteristics [age, years of education, marital status, retirement status, and apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE-ε4)]. The univariate competing risk joint model showed that the longitudinal changes of ADAS11, ADAS13, ADASQ4, FAQ, and glycine, as well as baseline age, marital status, and APOE-ε4, were positively associated with the progression of MCI to AD (<i>P</i><0.05). The results of the multivariate competing risk joint model further indicated that the longitudinal changes of ADAS13, ADASQ4, FAQ, and glycine, as well as baseline age, marital status, and APOE-ε4 were positively associated with AD incidence (<i>P</i><0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> Longitudinal increases in ADAS13, ADASQ4, FAQ, and glycine, as well as older age, unfavorable marital status, and APOE-ε4 carriage at baseline, were all risk factors for progression from MCI to AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"47 6","pages":"1158-1164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148353787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Association between sex hormones and cognitive impairment in older adults aged 65 years and above in 18 longevity areas in China].","authors":"Y Chen, C Chen, Y L Qu, W Y Shi, Y Li, Y M Wang, Y B Lyu, Z H Xue, Z Y Yin, H J Chang, F Y Long, L L Wei, C H Jiang, P P Dong, W H Shi, J Wang, X Meng, Z H Zhang, J N Wang, X M Shi","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251223-00918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251223-00918","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the association between estradiol, testosterone levels, and cognitive impairment among older adults aged ≥65 years in 18 longevity-areas of China. <b>Methods:</b> This study utilized data from the cross-sectional survey of the 2021 China Healthy Ageing and Biomarkers Cohort Study. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle, disease history, plasma estradiol, and testosterone levels was collected through face-to-face questionnaires, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination, and cognitive impairment was defined based on education level. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations between sex hormones and cognitive impairment. Dose-response relationships were examined using restricted cubic splines, and subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate potential effect modifications. <b>Results:</b> A total of 5 721 older adults were included, of whom 1 653 (28.9%) had cognitive impairment. After adjusting for confounders, among males, each IQR increase in testosterone level was associated with a 16.5% decrease in the risk of cognitive impairment (<i>OR</i>=0.835, 95%<i>CI</i>: 0.718-0.971). Compared with the <i>Q</i>₁ group, the <i>Q</i>₃ (<i>OR</i>=0.668, 95%<i>CI</i>: 0.487-0.915) and <i>Q</i>₄ (<i>OR</i>=0.623, 95%<i>CI</i>: 0.444-0.870) groups showed a significantly lower risk, and a linear dose-response relationship was observed (<i>P</i> for overall=0.031). Among females, no statistically significant associations were found between estradiol or testosterone levels and cognitive impairment. Subgroup analyses showed that the associations between testosterone and cognitive impairment in older males were largely consistent across subgroups, with no statistically significant interactions detected. <b>Conclusions:</b> Among older males in 18 longevity areas of China, higher testosterone levels were independently associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment. No significant associations were found among older females.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"47 6","pages":"1001-1007"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148353785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Immunogenicity and safety of varicella attenuated live vaccine with booster immunization at different intervals in children aged 7-12 years].","authors":"X Sun, D S Liu, L Zhang, X Z Song, Y H Sun, D Wu, Z D Yin, Z G Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20260112-00036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20260112-00036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of a booster dose of varicella attenuated live vaccine administered at different time intervals in Chinese children aged 7-12 years. <b>Methods:</b> This study was conducted in Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, from October 2024 to October 2025 using an open-label design. Children aged 7 to 12 who had received the initial immunization of the attenuated live varicella vaccine were recruited as the research subjects. They were divided into 4 groups based on the time interval from primary immunization to booster immunization (3, 18, 36 and 60 months groups). The estimated sample size was 400 (100 in each group).Venous blood samples were collected before booster vaccination and 30 days after vaccination. Serum varicella antibodies were detected by the fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen assay. Geometric mean titer (GMT), geometric mean increase, seropositivity rate and seroconversion rate were calculated to evaluate the booster immune response. Adverse reactions within 30 days after vaccination were observed. <b>Results:</b> At 3, 18, 36, and 60 months post-primary immunization, seropositivity rates remained at high levels (92.05%-94.87%), while GMTs showed a significant declining trend (27.03, 21.59, 18.29, and 14.33, respectively, <i>P</i><0.001). Following the booster dose at 3, 18, 36, and 60 months, GMTs in all groups increased significantly to 87.35, 113.55, 141.80, and 129.01, the antibody levels increased by 3.23, 5.26, 7.75 and 9.00 times respectively compared with those before the booster immunization (<i>P</i><0.001). Seroconversion rates were 60.26%, 71.60%, 77.27%, and 65.91%, respectively (<i>P</i>>0.05), and the seropositivity rate reached 100% in all groups. The overall incidence of adverse reactions was 0.73%, with no serious adverse events observed. <b>Conclusions:</b> The live attenuated varicella vaccine demonstrates favorable immunogenicity and safety when administered as a booster dose to children aged 7-12 years. A booster inoculation given 36-48 months following primary immunization elicits a more robust antibody response. These findings provide reference evidence to support the implementation of a two-dose varicella vaccination strategy and to determine the optimal timing for booster vaccination among school-aged children in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"47 6","pages":"1128-1134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148353567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Study on the association between the recovery pattern of CD4⁺T lymphocyte counts and the risk of death among HIV-infected individuals after antiretroviral therapy in Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province from 2006 to 2024].","authors":"Q G Meng, Y L Xie, T T Hua, S L Wang, T T Wang, Y T Wang, J X Lin, W W Shen, H J Lin, N He","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251212-00894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20251212-00894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To analyze the recovery pattern in CD4⁺T lymphocyte (CD4) count among HIV-infected individuals after antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province, and to explore the influencing factors of these pattern and their association with the risk of death. <b>Methods:</b> Based on the Basic Information System of AIDS Comprehensive Prevention and Control Data of the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System, adult (≥18 years old) HIV-infected individuals who received ART in Taizhou City from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2024, were included. A retrospective cohort study design and logistic regression analysis were adopted to analyze the pattern of CD4 count recovery. The association between different CD4 change pattern groups and the risk of death was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards regression model. <b>Results:</b> A total of 3 465 HIV-infected individuals were included. According to the pattern of CD4 counts recovery, the participants were divided into four groups: the recovery-restricted group (43.7%,1 516/3 465), the delayed recovery group (12.6%,435/3 465), the rapid recovery group (38.9%,1 347/3 465), and the long-term stable group (4.8%, 167/3 465). The median increase in CD4 count in the recovery-restricted group during both baseline and follow-up periods was lower than that in the other three groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a higher baseline CD4 count was associated with both delayed and rapid recovery. Starting ART in 2016 or later is neither conducive to delayed nor rapid recovery, but is beneficial for long-term stability. A later WHO clinical stage (stage Ⅲ, Ⅳ) was an independent risk factor for rapid recovery and long-term stability, and women were more likely to maintain long-term stability. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that compared with the recovery-restricted group, the delayed recovery group (a<i>HR</i>=0.25, 95%<i>CI</i>:0.15-0.42), the rapid recovery group (a<i>HR</i>=0.50,95%<i>CI</i>: 0.37-0.69), and the long-term stable group (a<i>HR</i>=0.30,95%<i>CI</i>:0.10-0.86) had a significantly reduced risk of death. Furthermore, in patients who achieved immune recovery (CD4>500 cells/μl), the ability to maintain a long-term stable CD4 count >500 cells /μl was a protective factor for the risk of death (a<i>HR</i>=0.46, 95%<i>CI</i>:0.25-0.86). <b>Conclusions:</b> HIV-infected individuals with restricted recovery of CD4 counts had a higher risk of death. The year of starting ART, later WHO clinical stage, and female gender were independent predictors of the recovery pattern of CD4 counts. Early intervention, focusing on female HIV-infected individuals, promoting immune reconstitution and maintaining their long-term stability are of great significance in reducing the mortality risk of HIV-infected individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"47 6","pages":"1120-1127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148353758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}