World Journal of Clinical Cases最新文献

{"title":"Tuberculous peritonitis complicated by an intraperitoneal tuberculous abscess: A case report.","authors":"Wei-Peng Liu, Feng-Zhen Ma, Zhou Zhao, Zong-Rui Li, Bao-Guang Hu, Tao Yang","doi":"10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculous peritonitis (TBP) is a chronic, diffuse inflammation of the peritoneum caused by <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>. The route of infection can be by direct spread of intraperitoneal tuberculosis (TB) or by hematogenous dissemination. The former is more common, such as intestinal TB, mesenteric lymphatic TB, fallopian tube TB, <i>etc.</i>, and can be the direct primary lesion of the disease.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>We present an older male patient with TBP complicated by an abdominal mass. The patient's preoperative symptoms, signs and imaging data suggested a possible abdominal tumor. After surgical treatment, the patient's primary diagnosis of TBP complicating an intraperitoneal tuberculous abscess was established by combining past medical history, postoperative pathology, and positive results of TB-related laboratory tests. The patient's symptoms were significantly reduced after surgical treatment, and he was discharged from the hospital with instructions to continue treatment at a TB specialist hospital and to undergo anti-TB treatment if necessary.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case report analyses the management of TBP complicated by intraperitoneal tuberculous abscess and highlights the importance of early definitive diagnosis in the hope of improving the clinical management of this type of disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23912,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Clinical Cases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11326109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome immunological relationship.","authors":"Mahmoud Ali, Alaa Ramadan, Salim Surani","doi":"10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a complex disorder characterized by symptoms resulting from intermittent hypoxia and hypopnea, with research indicating a crucial role of immune system dysregulation and genetic variations in its pathogenesis. A recent Zhao <i>et al</i> study utilizes Mendelian randomization analysis to explore the causal relationship between immune cell characteristics and OSAHS. The study identifies specific lymphocyte subsets associated with OSAHS, providing valuable insights into the disease's pathophysiology and potential targets for therapeutic intervention. The findings underscore the significance of genetic and immunological factors in sleep disorders, offering a fresh perspective on OSAHS's complexities. Compared to existing literature, Zhao <i>et al</i>'s study stands out for its focus on genetic markers and specific immune responses associated with OSAHS, expanding upon previous research primarily centered on systemic inflammation. In conclusion, the study represents a significant advancement in the field, shedding light on the causal role of immune cells in OSAHS and paving the way for future research and targeted treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":23912,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Clinical Cases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11326110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in upper gastrointestinal bleeding management.","authors":"Yasir M Khayyat","doi":"10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) can be attributed to either non-variceal or variceal causes. The latter is more aggressive with hemodynamic instability secondary to decompensated cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Non-variceal UGIB (NVUGIB) occurs due to impaired gastroprotective mechanisms attributed to several drugs such as anticoagulants and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection contributes to the development of peptic ulcer bleeding as well. NVUGIB presentation can be either hemodynamically stable or unstable. During the initial assessment a scoring system including patient-related factors (current cardiac, renal, and liver diseases and hemodynamic and laboratory parameters) is used to determine the patient's prognosis. The Glasgow Blatchford score has been shown to be the most useful and precise. Those with high-risk NVUGIB require urgent assessment and upper endoscopy to achieve better short-term and long-term outcomes such as less hospitalization, blood transfusion, and surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":23912,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Clinical Cases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11326108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of the potential value of serum interleukin levels as prognostic biomarkers of liver failure.","authors":"Yong Lin, Geng-Jie Yan, Mei-Yan Liu, Yin Cao, Kan Zhang, Na Wang, Fu-Li Long, De-Wen Mao","doi":"10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liver failure (LF) is prevalent in China and is characterized by complex pathogenesis, challenging clinical management, poor prognosis, and rising incidence and mortality rates. The immune status is an important factor affecting LF prognosis. Interleukins (Ils) are a type of cytokine that act and interact with multiple cells, including immune cells. These signaling molecules play important roles in intercellular information transmission, including the regulation of immune cells; mediation of the activation, proliferation, and differentiation of T and B cells; and orchestration of the inflammatory response. To date, many studies have explored the correlation between IL expression and liver disease prognosis, but few studies have evaluated Ils as the prognostic biomarkers of LF. This article reviews the potential use of Ils as the prognostic biomarkers of LF. Particularly, it evaluates the predictive values of IL-21, IL-22, and IL-31, the three often overlooked yet promising prognostic biomarkers, in predicting susceptibility to LF. Harnessing biomarkers for early prognostic insights can facilitate tailored treatment strategies and enhance patient survival. Thus, this article focuses on the identification of IL-21, IL-22, and IL-33 as biomarkers in preclinical and clinical studies on LF and reviews their role as biomarkers in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of LF.</p>","PeriodicalId":23912,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Clinical Cases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11326103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of prognosis in Alzheimer's disease: The role of cognitive dysfunction, immune abnormalities, and advanced neuroimaging.","authors":"Hafsa Arshad Raja, Abdulqadir J Nashwan","doi":"10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a grave illness that results in cognitive and social issues. A recent study examined the association between neuroimaging results, cognitive dysfunction, atypical cellular immune function, and poor prognostic factors in AD patients who demonstrated poor prognosis. Poor prognosis was associated with abnormal cellular immune function, extrapyramidal symptoms, altered consciousness, abnormal electroencephalogram, modified Rankin scale, increased neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, and severe pneumonia. The impaired cellular immune function characterized by a reduction in the blood T lymphocytes' proportion predicted poor prognosis as an independent risk factor in AD. Early initiation and maintenance of AD medications is associated with better outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23912,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Clinical Cases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11326107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142336664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HDR syndrome presented with nephrotic syndrome in a Chinese boy: A case report.","authors":"Li-Juan Ma, Wu Yang, Hong-Wen Zhang","doi":"10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HDR syndrome is a rare genetic disease caused by variants in the <i>GATA3</i> gene and is phenotypically defined by the triad of hypoparathyroidism (H), deafness (D), and renal disease (R). Renal disorders of HDR are mainly developmental abnormalities, although renal functional abnormalities can also be observed. Nephrotic syndrome or nephrotic-level proteinuria is rare in HDR syndrome. Here, we report a Chinese infant with HDR syndrome who presented with early-onset nephrotic syndrome. We suggest that variants in the <i>GATA3</i> gene might be associated with nephrotic syndrome.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 9-month-old boy was hospitalized with a complaint of diarrhea. Proteinuria was detected in the patient by routine testing for 3 days. No edema, oliguria, fever or abnormal urine color were observed. Routine urinary tests at a local hospital revealed proteinuria (protein 3 +) and microscopic hematuria (red blood cells 5-10/HP). The patient was born by cesarean delivery due to placental abruption at 35 weeks + 4 days of gestation. Intrauterine growth retardation was detected beginning at 6 months of gestation. His birth weight was 1.47 kg (< P3^th), length was 39 cm (< P3^th), and head circumference was 28 cm (< P3^th). His motor developmental milestones were obviously delayed. Clinical data were analyzed, and genetic analysis for hereditary nephrotic syndrome was performed by next-generation sequencing. The clinical data showed that the boy exhibited growth retardation, early-onset nephrotic syndrome, microscopic hematuria, sensorineural deafness, T-cell immunodeficiency and congenital heart disease. Genetic tests revealed that the boy carried a <i>de novo</i> hemizygous variant, c.704C>T (p.Pro235 Leu), in exon 3 of the <i>GATA3</i> gene.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We report an infant with HDR syndrome who presented with early-onset nephrotic syndrome in China. We suggest that variants in the <i>GATA3</i> gene might be associated with infant-onset nephrotic syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":23912,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Clinical Cases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11326111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interferon-gamma release assays as a tool for differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal tuberculosis.","authors":"Tsvetelina Velikova, Anita Aleksandrova","doi":"10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this editorial, we comment on an article published in a recent issue of the <i>World Journal of Clinical Cases</i>. There is a pressing need for reliable tools for diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) of the gastrointestinal tract. Despite advancements in the diagnosis and treatment, TB remains a global health challenge. Ali <i>et al</i> demonstrated that TB may mimic gastrointestinal conditions, such as gastric outlet obstruction, causing a delay in the diagnosis. Furthermore, the latter complication is frequently observed during infections, including <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>, and rarely is related to TB, as in the presented case. In line with this, we think that laboratory tests based on interferon-gamma release assays can be a helpful tool for diagnosing latent TB paced in the gastrointestinal tract. Innovative strategies and approaches for diagnosing latent/active extra pulmonary TB are crucial for establishing the diagnosis early and enhancing treatment strategies to mitigate the global burden of TB.</p>","PeriodicalId":23912,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Clinical Cases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11326105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into upper blepharoplasty: Conservative volume-preserving techniques.","authors":"Andrew Gorgy, Rawan Al Hashemi, Johnny Ionut Efanov","doi":"10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This editorial commentary critically examines the systematic review by Miotti <i>et al</i>, which discusses the evolving trends in upper lid blepharoplasty towards a conservative, volume-preserving approach. The review emphasizes the shift from traditional tissue resection to techniques that maintain anatomical integrity, paralleling broader trends in panfacial rejuvenation. Miotti <i>et al</i> delve into the nuances of fat pad management, advocating for conservation over reduction to sustain natural contours and improve long-term aesthetic outcomes. This perspective is supported by comparative studies and empirical data, such as those from Massry and Alghoul <i>et al</i>, highlighting the benefits of conservative approaches in terms of patient satisfaction and aesthetic longevity. The review also stresses the importance of surgeon discretion in adapting procedures to diverse patient demographics, particularly in addressing distinct features such as the Asian upper eyelid. However, it identifies a significant gap in long-term comparative research, underscoring the need for future studies to substantiate the safety and efficacy of these minimalist techniques. Overall, Miotti <i>et al</i>.'s work contributes profoundly to the discourse on personalized, conservative cosmetic surgery, urging ongoing research to refine and validate surgical best practices in upper eyelid blepharoplasty.</p>","PeriodicalId":23912,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Clinical Cases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11326096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network pharmacology combined with molecular docking revealed the potential targets of Coridius chinensis in prostate cancer treatment.","authors":"Mei Zhang, Jing Ma, Feng-Yin Zeng, Xiao-Hui Hou","doi":"10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prostate cancer (PCa) has high morbidity and mortality rates in elderly men. With a history of thousands of years, traditional Chinese medicine derived from insects could be an important source for developing cancer-targeted drugs to prevent tumorigenesis, enhance therapeutic effects, and reduce the risk of recurrence and metastasis. Multiple studies have shown that Coridius chinensis (Cc) has anticancer effects.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To elucidate the mechanism of action of Cc against PCa <i>via</i> network pharmacology and molecular docking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Potential targets for Cc and PCa were predicted using ChemDraw 19.0 software, the PharmMapper database and the GeneCards database. Then, the STRING database was used to construct the protein-protein interaction network. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment and molecular docking analyses were subsequently conducted to identify the key targets, active ingredients and pathways involved.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GO and KEGG analyses indicated that the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway was the critical pathway (<i>P</i> value < 1.0 × 10^-8). Multiple targeting ingredients that can affect multiple pathways in PCa have been identified in Cc. Seven active compounds (asponguanosines A, asponguanine B, asponguanine C, aspongpyrazine A, N-acetyldopamine, aspongadenine B and aspongpyrazine B) were selected for molecular docking with 9 potential targets, and the results revealed that aspongpyrazine A and asponguanosine A are the main components by which Cc affects PCa (affinity<-5 kcal/mol, hydrogen bonding), but more studies are needed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We used network pharmacology to predict the bioactive components and important targets of Cc for the treatment of PCa, supporting the development of Cc as a natural anticancer agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":23912,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Clinical Cases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11326102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of sequential nursing care combined with communication intervention on visual recovery and pain after cataract ultrasound emulsification.","authors":"Jing-Cao Wang, Qing Zhang, Man-Rong Yu, Yun-Xia Yang, Hui-Min Jiang","doi":"10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cataracts are a common ophthalmic disease and postoperative vision recovery is crucial to patient quality of life. Rational and efficient care models play an important role in promoting vision recovery.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of procedural nursing care combined with communication intervention in vision recovery after cataract ultrasound emulsification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized controlled study was conducted on 100 patients with cataracts who underwent ultrasound emulsification surgery. They were randomly assigned to an experimental group or a control group. The experimental group received procedural nursing combined with Connect, Introduce, Communicate, Ask, Respond, Exit (CICARE) communication intervention, whereas the control group received conventional nursing. The effectiveness of the nursing model was assessed by comparing differences in vision recovery, pain scores, and mental health status between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was found that over time the visual acuity of patients in both groups gradually recovered and patients in the experimental group had lower pain scores and superior mental health status than the control group (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Procedural nursing combined with CICARE communication intervention has positive effects on vision recovery in patients after cataract ultrasound emulsification.</p>","PeriodicalId":23912,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Clinical Cases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11326097/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}