Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C最新文献

Hepatoprotective activity of medicinal plants, their phytochemistry, and safety concerns: a systematic review 药用植物的肝保护活性、植物化学成分和安全问题：系统综述

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2024-0116

Yilma Hunde Gonfa, Archana Bachheti, Prabhakar Semwal, Nishant Rai, Abdel Nasser Singab, Rakesh Kumar Bachheti

{"title":"Hepatoprotective activity of medicinal plants, their phytochemistry, and safety concerns: a systematic review","authors":"Yilma Hunde Gonfa, Archana Bachheti, Prabhakar Semwal, Nishant Rai, Abdel Nasser Singab, Rakesh Kumar Bachheti","doi":"10.1515/znc-2024-0116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-2024-0116","url":null,"abstract":"Medicinal plants and their derivatives represent a promising reservoir of remedies for various ailments. Especially secondary metabolites of these plants, including alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, steroids, saponins, tannins, and anthraquinones, play crucial roles in hepatoprotection. Studies have identified several prominent phytoconstituents, such as silymarin, quercetin, luteolin, glycyrrhizin, curcumin, gallic acid, chebulic acid, catechin, aloin, emodin, liquiritin, liquiritigenin, cudraflavone B, and karaviloside, as effective agents for addressing hepatotoxicity. The mechanisms underlying their efficacy include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenging, and the ability to block oxidative stress, cytokine production, and stabilize liver cell membranes. The application of natural products derived from medicinal plants in treating liver injuries is rooted in their efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and safety profile, contributing to their popularity. Many studies, encompassing in vitro, in vivo, preclinical, and clinical investigations, have demonstrated that the extracts of medicinal plants mitigate chemical-induced liver damage using animal models. However, intensive research efforts regarding the safety, regulatory standard, and quality control issues for using medicinal plants as hepatoprotective agents remain the strong task of scholars. The primary focus of this systematic review is to analyze the current state of the literature regarding treating liver ailments using extracts from medicinal plants, examining their phytochemical composition, and addressing associated safety considerations.","PeriodicalId":23894,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insecticidal effect of new synthesized chalcone derivatives on Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa 新合成的查尔酮衍生物对加勒比果蝇 Anastrepha suspensa 的杀虫效果

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2024-0005

Sümeyye Yücetepe, Bedia Koçyiğit-Kaymakçıoğlu, Xiangbing Yang, Nurhayat Tabanca, Fatih Tok

{"title":"Insecticidal effect of new synthesized chalcone derivatives on Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa","authors":"Sümeyye Yücetepe, Bedia Koçyiğit-Kaymakçıoğlu, Xiangbing Yang, Nurhayat Tabanca, Fatih Tok","doi":"10.1515/znc-2024-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-2024-0005","url":null,"abstract":"In this present study, new chalcone derivatives were synthesized from 4-aminoacetophenone, which were confirmed by spectroscopic methods. The toxic risks of chalcones to humans and the environment were investigated by a web-based platform called ADMETlab. With this program, the possible toxic effects of the compounds on liver, respiratory system, and eyes were evaluated. For the topical insecticidal activity, adult female Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa, was targeted. Results of the toxicity tests showed that chalcone derivatives are effective against female A. suspensa. Among the synthesized chalcones, 1-(4-cinnamoylphenyl)-3-(p-tolyl)urea (2) exhibited the greatest insecticidal activity, resulting in 73 % mortality at 100 µg/fly after 24 h, whereas other derivatives showed less than 30 % mortality. Our results demonstrate that insecticidal activity may be modulated by the presence of a certain phenyl ring in the structure of derivative 2 and, therefore, has potential for design of efficient chemicals for tephritid fruit fly management.","PeriodicalId":23894,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140834922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative analysis among the degradation potential of enzymes obtained from Escherichia coli against the toxicity of sulfur dyes through molecular docking 通过分子对接比较分析从大肠杆菌中获得的酶对硫化染料毒性的降解潜力

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2024-0072

Muhammad Naveed, Maida Salah Ud Din, Tariq Aziz, Tayyab Javed, Sana Miraj Khan, Rida Naveed, Ayaz Ali Khan, Metab Alharbi

{"title":"Comparative analysis among the degradation potential of enzymes obtained from Escherichia coli against the toxicity of sulfur dyes through molecular docking","authors":"Muhammad Naveed, Maida Salah Ud Din, Tariq Aziz, Tayyab Javed, Sana Miraj Khan, Rida Naveed, Ayaz Ali Khan, Metab Alharbi","doi":"10.1515/znc-2024-0072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-2024-0072","url":null,"abstract":"The common bacterium Escherichia coli has demonstrated potential in the field of biodegradation. E. coli is naturally capable of biodegradation because it carries a variety of enzymes that are essential for the breakdown of different substances. The degradation process is effectively catalyzed by these enzymes. The collaborative effects of E. coli’s aryl sulfotransferase, alkanesulfonate moonoxygenase, and azoreductase enzymes on the breakdown of sulfur dyes from industrial effluents are investigated in this work. ExPASY ProtParam was used to confirm the stability of the enzyme, showing an instability index less than 40. We determined the maximum binding affinities of these enzymes with sulfur dye pollutants – 1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, sulfogene, sulfur green 3, sulfur red 6, sulfur red 1, sulfur yellow 2, thianthrene, thiazone, and thional – using comparative molecular docking. Significantly, the highest binding affinity was shown by monooxygenase (−12.1), whereas aryl sulfotransferase and azoreductase demonstrated significant energies of −11.8 and −11.4, respectively. The interactions between proteins and ligands in the docked complexes were examined. To evaluate their combined effects, co-expression analysis of genes and enzyme bioengineering were carried out. Using aryl sulfotransferase, alkanesulfonate monooxygenase, and azoreductase, this study investigates the enzymatic degradation of sulfur dye pollutants, thereby promoting environmentally friendly and effective sulfur dye pollutant management.","PeriodicalId":23894,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140804705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Production, purification, and determination of the biochemical properties of β-glucosidase in Trichoderma koningii via solid substrate fermentation 通过固体底物发酵法生产、纯化和测定科宁毛霉中的β-葡萄糖苷酶的生化特性

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2024-0026

Selma Çelen Yücetürk, Ayşe Dilek Azaz

{"title":"Production, purification, and determination of the biochemical properties of β-glucosidase in Trichoderma koningii via solid substrate fermentation","authors":"Selma Çelen Yücetürk, Ayşe Dilek Azaz","doi":"10.1515/znc-2024-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-2024-0026","url":null,"abstract":"The β-glucosidase enzyme was obtained from Trichoderma koningii Oudem. NRRL 54330 under optimal conditions by solid substrate fermentation (SSF) using corn cobs as substrate. The enzyme was purified by two-step procedures, ammonium sulphate precipitation and cefarose-4B-l-tyrosine-1-naphthylamine hydrophobic interaction chromatography, followed by biochemical and kinetic characterisation. The β-glucosidase was obtained from T. koningii using ground corn cob as substrate and Na2HPO4, pH 9, as humidification medium. The optimum conditions for enzyme production by SSF were 30 °C and 6 days. The purification efficiency of the obtained β-glucosidase was calculated to be 22.56-fold with a yield of 73.51 %. In the determination of β-glucosidase activity, p-nitrophenyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (pNPG) substrate was used, and the optimum pH and temperature values at which β-glucosidase showed high activity were determined to be pH 3.0 and 75 °C. The purity of the enzyme and the presence/number of subunits were checked using two different electrophoretic methods, SDS-PAGE and NATIVE-PAGE electrophoretic methods. The K m and V max values of the purified enzyme were determined to be 0.16 mM and 2000 EU respectively. It was also found that d-(+)-glucose and δ-gluconolactone inhibitors exhibited competitive inhibition of β-glucosidase in the presence of pNPG.","PeriodicalId":23894,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140806779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Geraniol and citral: recent developments in their anticancer credentials opening new vistas in complementary cancer therapy 香叶醇和柠檬醛：其抗癌功效的最新进展为癌症辅助疗法开辟了新天地

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2023-0150

Gauri Srivastava, Esha Mukherjee, Ruchika Mittal, Deepak Ganjewala

{"title":"Geraniol and citral: recent developments in their anticancer credentials opening new vistas in complementary cancer therapy","authors":"Gauri Srivastava, Esha Mukherjee, Ruchika Mittal, Deepak Ganjewala","doi":"10.1515/znc-2023-0150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-2023-0150","url":null,"abstract":"About 10 million people are diagnosed with cancer each year. Globally, it is the second leading cause of death after heart disease, and by 2035, the death toll could reach 14.6 million. Several drugs and treatments are available to treat cancer, but survival rates remain low. Many studies in recent years have shown that plant-derived monoterpenes, particularly geraniol and citral, are effective against various cancers, including breast, liver, melanoma, endometrial, colon, prostate, and skin cancers. This trend has opened new possibilities for the development of new therapeutics or adjuvants in the field of cancer therapy. These monoterpenes can improve the efficacy of chemotherapy by modulating many signaling molecules and pathways within tumors. Analysis of reports on the anticancer effects published in the past 5 years provided an overview of the most important results of these and related properties. Also, the molecular mechanisms by which they exert their anticancer effects in cell and animal studies have been explained. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the scope of geraniol and citral as complementary or alternative treatment options in cancer therapy.","PeriodicalId":23894,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140630087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In vitro enzymatic, in silico ADME and molecular docking based analysis for the identification of novel bis-indole containing triazine–thiazole hybrids derivatives as promising urease inhibitors 基于体外酶法、硅学 ADME 和分子对接分析鉴定新型双吲哚含三嗪-噻唑杂环衍生物作为有前景的脲酶抑制剂

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2024-0061

Shoaib Khan, Rafaqat Hussain, Yousaf Khan, Tayyiaba Iqbal, Saeed Anwar, Tariq Aziz, Metab Alharbi

{"title":"In vitro enzymatic, in silico ADME and molecular docking based analysis for the identification of novel bis-indole containing triazine–thiazole hybrids derivatives as promising urease inhibitors","authors":"Shoaib Khan, Rafaqat Hussain, Yousaf Khan, Tayyiaba Iqbal, Saeed Anwar, Tariq Aziz, Metab Alharbi","doi":"10.1515/znc-2024-0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-2024-0061","url":null,"abstract":"The current study details a sequence of sequential reactions for synthesizing bis-indole-based triazine bearing thiazole derivatives. Several steps were involved in the synthesis of bis-indole-based triazine bearing thiazole derivative. The synthetic reactions were monitored via thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Synthesized compounds were characterized using various spectroscopic techniques, including 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HR-EIMS. The inhibitory activity against urease enzyme of these synthesized compounds was compared with that of thiourea, a standard drug (IC50 = 9.30 ± 0.20 µM). A range of inhibitory potencies were observed for the synthesized compounds, ranging from moderate to excellent, as follows (IC50 = 5.10 ± 0.40 µM to 29.80 ± 0.20 µM). Analyzing the structure–activity relationship (SAR) provided insight into the results, showing that different substituents had different effects on aromatic rings. Several compounds displayed outstanding inhibitory properties (among those tested were 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 with IC50 = 6.30 ± 0.80, 5.10 ± 0.40, 5.90 ± 0.50, 8.20 ± 0.10, 8.90 ± 0.60 µM, respectively). Anti-urease evaluation of all the synthesized derivatives was conducted in which the selected compounds have shown remarkable potency compared with the standard drug thiourea (IC50 = 9.30 ± 0.20 µM). Molecular docking analysis was carried out for investigating the better binding sites and distance of the derivatives. Moreover, the drug-like properties were explored by the ADME attributes of the synthesized analogs.","PeriodicalId":23894,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140623448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the anti-cancer compounds from Calliandra harrisii for precision medicine in pancreatic cancer via in-silico drug design and GC-MS analysis 通过硅内药物设计和气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析，研究从 Calliandra harrisii 中提取的用于胰腺癌精准医疗的抗癌化合物

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2024-0057

Muhammad Naveed, Imran Ali, Tariq Aziz, Khushbakht Javed, Ayesha Saleem, Nimra Hanif, Metab Alharbi

{"title":"Investigating the anti-cancer compounds from Calliandra harrisii for precision medicine in pancreatic cancer via in-silico drug design and GC-MS analysis","authors":"Muhammad Naveed, Imran Ali, Tariq Aziz, Khushbakht Javed, Ayesha Saleem, Nimra Hanif, Metab Alharbi","doi":"10.1515/znc-2024-0057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-2024-0057","url":null,"abstract":"Pancreatic cancer is a fatal illness caused by mutations in multiple genes. Pancreatic cancer damages the organ that helps in digestion, resulting in symptoms including fatigue, bloating, and nausea. The use of medicinal plants has been crucial in the treatment of numerous disorders. The medicinal plant Calliandra Harrisi has been widely exploited for its possibilities in biology and medicine. The current study aimed to assess the biopotential of biologically active substances against pancreatic cancer. The GC-MS data of these phytochemicals from Calliandra Harrisi were further subjected to computational approaches with pancreatic cancer genes to evaluate their potential as therapeutic candidates. Molecular docking analysis revealed that N-[Carboxymethyl] maleamic acid is the leading molecule responsible for protein denaturation inhibition, having the highest binding affinity of 6.8 kJ/mol among all other compounds with KRAS inflammatory proteins. Furthermore, ADMET analysis and Lipinski’s rule validation were also performed revealing its higher absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. The results of the hepatotoxicity test demonstrated that phytochemicals are non-toxic, safe to use, and do not cause necrosis, fibrosis, or vacuolar degeneration even at excessive levels. Calliandra Harrisi has phytoconstituents that have a variety of pharmacological uses in consideration.","PeriodicalId":23894,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140623446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Novel 4-nitroimidazole analogues: synthesis, in vitro biological evaluation, in silico studies, and molecular dynamics simulation 新型 4-硝基咪唑类似物：合成、体外生物学评价、硅学研究和分子动力学模拟

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2023-0146

Yaseen A. Al-Soud, Sondos O. Al-Sawakhnah, Raed A. Al-Qawasmeh, Najim A. Al-Masoudi, Ala’a H. Al-Ahmad, Lamiaa Al-Maliki, Lasse van Geelen, Rainer Kalscheuer, Bahjat A. Saeed, Amneh Shtaiwi, Holger Stark

{"title":"Novel 4-nitroimidazole analogues: synthesis, in vitro biological evaluation, in silico studies, and molecular dynamics simulation","authors":"Yaseen A. Al-Soud, Sondos O. Al-Sawakhnah, Raed A. Al-Qawasmeh, Najim A. Al-Masoudi, Ala’a H. Al-Ahmad, Lamiaa Al-Maliki, Lasse van Geelen, Rainer Kalscheuer, Bahjat A. Saeed, Amneh Shtaiwi, Holger Stark","doi":"10.1515/znc-2023-0146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-2023-0146","url":null,"abstract":"A new series of 4-nitroimidazole bearing aryl piperazines 7–16, tetrazole 17 and 1,3,4-thiadiazole 18 derivatives was synthesized. All derivatives were screened for their anticancer activity against eight diverse human cancer cell lines (Capan-1, HCT-116, LN229, NCI–H460, DND-41, HL-60, K562, and Z138). Compound 17 proved the most potent compound of the series inhibiting proliferation of most of the selected human cancer cell lines with IC50 values in the low micromolar range. In addition, compound 11 exhibited IC50 values ranging 8.60–64.0 μM against a selection of cancer cell lines. These findings suggest that derivative 17 can potentially be a new lead compound for further development of novel antiproliferative agents. Additionally, 17–18 were assessed for their antibacterial and antituberculosis activity. Derivatives 17 and 18 were the most potent compounds of this series against both Staphylococcus aureus strain Wichita and a methicillin resistant strain of S. aureus (MRSA), as well as against Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain mc26230. The antiviral activity of 7–18 was also evaluated against diverse viruses, but no activity was detected. The docking study of compound 17 with putative protein targets in acute myeloid leukemia had been studied. Furthermore, the molecular dynamics simulation of 17 and 18 had been investigated.","PeriodicalId":23894,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140590623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of lignocellulosic enzymes and CAZymes between ascomycetes (Trichoderma) and basidiomycetes (Ganoderma) species: a proteomic approach 比较子囊菌（毛霉菌）和担子菌（灵芝）的木质纤维素酶和 CAZymes：蛋白质组学方法

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C Pub Date : 2023-12-13 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2023-0125

Akshay Shankar, Kavish Kumar Jain, Ramesh Chander Kuhad, Krishna Kant Sharma

{"title":"Comparison of lignocellulosic enzymes and CAZymes between ascomycetes (Trichoderma) and basidiomycetes (Ganoderma) species: a proteomic approach","authors":"Akshay Shankar, Kavish Kumar Jain, Ramesh Chander Kuhad, Krishna Kant Sharma","doi":"10.1515/znc-2023-0125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-2023-0125","url":null,"abstract":"Wood decomposing ascomycetes and basidiomycetes group of fungi are the most valuable microbes on the earth’s ecosystem that recycles the source of carbon; therefore, they are essential for the biorefinery industries. To understand the robustness of the enzymes and their metabolic pathways in the fungal system, label-free quantification of the total proteins was performed. The fungi showed a comparable quantity of protein abundance [Trichoderma citrinoviride (285), Thermoascus aurantiacus (206), Ganoderma lucidum MDU-7 (102), G. lucidum (242)]. Differentially regulated proteins of ascomycetes and basidiomycetes were analyzed, and their heatmap shows upregulated and downregulated proteins [25 differentially expressed proteins in T. citrinoviride (8.62 % up-regulated and 91.37 % down-regulated) and G. lucidum (5.74 % up-regulated and 94.25 % down-regulated)] by using the normalized peptide-spectrum match (PSMs) and log2fold change. These proteins were similarly matched to the carbohydrate active enzymes family (CAZymes) like glycoside hydrolase (GH family), carbohydrate-binding module (CBM family) with auxiliary activities, and also involved in the hydrolysis of carbohydrate, lignin, xylan, polysaccharides, peptides, and oxido-reductase activity that helps in antioxidant defense mechanism. The lignocellulolytic enzymes from two different divisions of fungi and proteomics studies gave a better understanding of carbon recycling and multi-product lignocellulosic biorefinery processes.","PeriodicalId":23894,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138632084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Frontmatter 头版头条

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2023-frontmatter9-10

引用次数: 0