World Journal of Pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Feasibility, efficacy, and safety of animal-assisted activities with visiting dogs in inpatient pediatric oncology.","authors":"Katja Steff, Maximilian Grasemann, Kira Ostermann, Sarah Christina Goretzki, Peter-Michael Rath, Dirk Reinhardt, Michael M Schündeln","doi":"10.1007/s12519-024-00829-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-024-00829-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood cancer entails a heavy burden for patients and their families. Recent advances in overall survival rates have increasingly brought long-term quality of life into focus. Animal-assisted activities (AAAs) have long been hypothesized to alleviate the burden on pediatric patients and their peers in the hospital setting. However, their use in inpatient pediatric oncology has been a sensitive issue mainly due to the fear of infections, resulting in a lack of studies. This study presents data on the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of AAAs from a single German center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between 2018 and 2022, 60 patients (median age = 10.3 years) diagnosed with malignancy and undergoing treatment were visited by an intervention dog (total visits = 100). Patients were screened for infections as per hospital policy, with additional microbiological testing performed based on symptoms. The dog was screened for human pathogens and zoonoses. Microbial data and hospitalizations were analyzed from two months prior to the first visit until two months after the last visit. Acceptance of being in the hospital, both with and without planned animal-assisted interventions and pre- and post-intervention state stress, were measured using a validated visual analogue scale (0-10).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients benefited from AAAs, showing increased acceptance of being in the hospital (median: 7.25 vs. 4.50, P < 0.001) and decreased median state stress ratings one hour after the visit compared to one hour before the visit (1.00 vs. 4.25, P < 0.001). The intervention did not result in an increased number of infections or unplanned hospitalizations, and no zoonoses were detected. All microbial screening tests of the dog were negative.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AAAs with visiting dogs in inpatient pediatric oncology are feasible and safe. Although they hold promise for enhancing patients' well-being, further prospective studies are needed. Supplementary file 2 (MP4 240076 KB).</p>","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"915-924"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11422466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141903071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global public concern of childhood and adolescence suicide: a new perspective and new strategies for suicide prevention in the post-pandemic era.","authors":"Soeun Kim, Jaeyu Park, Hyeri Lee, Hayeon Lee, Selin Woo, Rosie Kwon, Sunyoung Kim, Ai Koyanagi, Lee Smith, Masoud Rahmati, Guillaume Fond, Laurent Boyer, Jiseung Kang, Jun Hyuk Lee, Jiyeon Oh, Dong Keon Yon","doi":"10.1007/s12519-024-00828-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-024-00828-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Suicide is the second leading cause of death in young people worldwide and is responsible for about 52,000 deaths annually in children and adolescents aged 5-19 years. Familial, social, psychological, and behavioral factors play important roles in suicide risk. As traumatic events such as the COVID-19 pandemic may contribute to suicidal behaviors in young people, there is a need to understand the current status of suicide in adolescents, including its epidemiology, associated factors, the influence of the pandemic, and management initiatives.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>We investigated global and regional suicide mortality rates among children and adolescents aged 5-19 years using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. The suicide mortality rates from 1990 to 2019 were examined in 204 countries and territories across six World Health Organization (WHO) regions. Additionally, we utilized electronic databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus, and employed various combinations of terms such as \"suicide\", \"adolescents\", \"youth\", \"children\", \"risk factors\", \"COVID-19 pandemic\", \"prevention\", and \"intervention\" to provide a narrative review on suicide within the pediatric population in the post-pandemic era.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Despite the decreasing trend in the global suicide mortality rate from 1990 to 2019, it remains high. The mortality rates from suicide by firearms or any other specified means were both greater in males. Additionally, Southeast Asia had the highest suicide rate among the six WHO regions. The COVID-19 pandemic seems to contribute to suicide risk in young people; thus, there is still a strong need to revisit appropriate management for suicidal children and adolescents during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current narrative review integrates up-to-date knowledge on suicide epidemiology and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, risk factors, and intervention strategies. Although numerous studies have characterized trends in suicide among young people during the pre-pandemic era, further studies are required to investigate suicide during the pandemic and new strategies for suicide prevention in the post-pandemic era. It is necessary to identify effective prevention strategies targeting young people, particularly those at high risk, and successful treatment for individuals already manifesting suicidal behaviors. Care for suicidal children and adolescents should be improved with parental, school, community, and clinical involvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"872-900"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National trends in sexual intercourse and usage of contraception among Korean adolescents.","authors":"Jun Hyuk Lee, Myeongcheol Lee, Hojae Lee, Jaeyu Park, Sunyoung Kim, Ai Koyanagi, Lee Smith, Min Seo Kim, Guillermo F López Sánchez, Elena Dragioti, Masoud Rahmati, Jiseung Kang, Hans Oh, Dong Keon Yon","doi":"10.1007/s12519-024-00810-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-024-00810-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The exact influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on sexual intercourse and usage of contraception remains largely uncharted territory. To bridge this gap in knowledge, we conducted a comprehensive, cross-sectional examination of long-term trends in the prevalence of sexual intercourse and usage of contraception among South Korean adolescents from 2006 to 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In our research, we drew upon data encompassing 1,138,799 South Korean adolescents aged 12 to 18 years, derived from the Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS) over a period spanning from 2006 to 2022. We focused on the prevalence of sexual intercourse, contraception utilization, and the underlying associated factors among this demographic. The KYRBS data was collected using a complex sampling strategy to determine the national prevalence estimates and shifts in prevalence before (2006-2019) and during (2020-2022) the COVID-19 pandemic era.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the pre-pandemic period, a decrease in adolescent sexual intercourse was observed (6.34% in 2006, 5.53% in 2012, and 5.87% in 2019). However, in the post-pandemic period (2020-2022), there was a surge in sexual intercourse (4.55% in 2020 and 6.20% in 2022). This evident alteration in sexual intercourse trajectory between pre- and post-pandemic periods was statistically significant [β_diff, 0.950; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.756-1.144]. Regarding contraceptive use among South Korean adolescents, there was an increase in the pre-COVID-19 pandemic phase across all demographic segments (14.61% in 2006, 22.30% in 2012, and 47.69% in 2022) but a notable decline when compared with the pre- and post-pandemic periods (β_diff, - 0.319; 95% CI, - 0.454 to - 0.184). Additionally, during the study period, a decrease in sexual intercourse was observed in the pre-pandemic period (β, - 0.129; 95% CI, - 0.148 to - 0.110), followed by an increase in the post-pandemic period (β, 0.821; 95% CI, 0.627 to 1.014). This shift is highlighted by an effect size of 0.96 [weighted odds ratio (wOR); 95% CI, 0.92 to 1.00], indicating a substantial change in adolescent sexual behaviors across study periods.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The increase in sexual intercourse and decrease in usage of contraception observed in our study between the pre- and post-COVID-19 periods suggests a potential threat to sexual health among South Korean adolescents. This trend emphasizes the ongoing necessity of raising awareness about adolescent sexual behavior in South Korea.</p>","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"935-948"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FLNB haploinsufficiency-related short stature: a new syndrome or an expanded spectrum of Larsen syndrome.","authors":"Qing Wang, Hong-Ying Wang, Shui-Yan Wu, Xue-Qian Wang, Hai-Ying Wu, Rong-Rong Xie, Feng-Yun Wang, Xiu-Li Chen, Lin-Qi Chen, Hai-Tao Lv, Ting Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12519-024-00832-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-024-00832-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"976-980"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141856642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intervention at an early threshold for post-hemorrhagic ventricular dilatation in preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Patrick Blundell, Lloyd Abood, Mallinath Chakraborty, Sujoy Banerjee","doi":"10.1007/s12519-024-00827-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-024-00827-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Very few adequately powered studies exploring early thresholds for intervention in the management of post-hemorrhagic ventricular dilatation (PHVD) in preterm infants have identified consistent neurodevelopmental advantages at 12-30 months. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis on the efficacy and safety of early versus conservative thresholds for intervention, primarily aimed at normalizing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure, in the management of PHVD in preterm infants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multiple databases were searched for eligible papers, and prospective randomized trials involving preterm infants were selected. The results are expressed as relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The main outcome was survival without moderate-to-severe neurodevelopmental impairment at 12-30 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten articles representing seven randomized trials comparing early versus conservative thresholds for interventions were included. Five trials (n = 545 infants) reported no difference in the main outcome between early and conservative groups [RR 0.99 (0.71, 1.37)]. Sensitivity analysis excluding data from a medication trial did not alter the main outcome [RR 1.15 (0.95, 1.39)]. Infants in the early threshold group received significantly more interventions [RR 1.48 (1.05, 2.09)]. Deaths before discharge/during the initial study period [RR 1.04 (0.70, 1.54)] or a composite of death or shunt insertion [RR 1.04 (0.86, 1.27)] were comparable between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early intervention for PHVD, before a clinical or ultrasound threshold is met, leads to additional clinical procedures but does not improve survival without moderate-severe neurodevelopmental impairment at 12-30 months. Caution should be exercised in interpreting these results due to significant variation between the studies. Supplementary file 3 (MP4 131172 kb).</p>","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"774-786"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141752857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accurate prediction of biliary atresia with an integrated model using MMP-7 levels and bile acids.","authors":"Yi-Jiang Han, Shu-Qi Hu, Jin-Hang Zhu, Xiao Cai, Deng-Ming Lai, Bao-Hai Chen, Kun Zhu, Qiao Tong, Xin-Rui Zhou, Jia-Le Deng, Jin-Fa Tou, Zhuo Fang, Li-Zhong Du","doi":"10.1007/s12519-023-00779-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-023-00779-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biliary atresia (BA) is a rare fatal liver disease in children, and the aim of this study was to develop a method to diagnose BA early.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We determined serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7), the results of 13 liver tests, and the levels of 20 bile acids, and integrated computational models were constructed to diagnose BA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings demonstrated that MMP-7 expression levels, as well as the results of four liver tests and levels of ten bile acids, were significantly different between 86 BA and 59 non-BA patients (P < 0.05). The computational prediction model revealed that MMP-7 levels alone had a higher predictive accuracy [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.966, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.942, 0.989] than liver test results and bile acid levels. The AUC was 0.890 (95% CI 0.837, 0.943) for liver test results and 0.825 (95% CI 0.758, 0.892) for bile acid levels. Furthermore, bile levels had a higher contribution to enhancing the predictive accuracy of MMP-7 levels (AUC = 0.976, 95% CI 0.953, 1.000) than liver test results. The AUC was 0.983 (95% CI 0.962, 1.000) for MMP-7 levels combined with liver test results and bile acid levels. In addition, we found that MMP-7 levels were highly correlated with gamma-glutamyl transferase levels and the liver fibrosis score.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The innovative integrated models based on a large number of indicators provide a noninvasive and cost-effective approach for accurately diagnosing BA in children. Video Abstract (MP4 142103 KB).</p>","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"822-833"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11402860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138886167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Children with obesity have poorer circadian health as assessed by a global circadian health score.","authors":"María Rodríguez-Martín, Nuria Martínez-Lozano, Vicente Santaclara-Maneiro, Antonio Gris-Peñas, Diego Salmerón, Rafael Ríos, Asta Tvarijonaviciute, Marta Garaulet","doi":"10.1007/s12519-024-00804-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-024-00804-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Circadian health refers to individuals' well-being and balance in terms of their circadian rhythm. It is influenced by external cues. In adults, a close relationship between circadian-related alterations and obesity has been described. However, studies in children are scarce, and circadian health and its association with obesity have not been evaluated globally. We aimed to assess whether circadian health differed between children with and without obesity as determined by a global circadian score (GCS) in a school-age population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four hundred and thirty-two children (7-12 years) were recruited in Spain. Non-invasive tools were used to calculate the GCS: (1) 7-day rhythm of wrist temperature (T), activity (A), position (P), an integrative variable that combines T, A, and P (TAP); (2) cortisol; and (3) 7-day food and sleep records. Body mass index, body fat percentage, waist circumference (WC), melatonin concentration, and cardiometabolic marker levels were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Circadian health, as assessed by the GCS, differed among children with obesity, overweight, and normal weight, with poorer circadian health among children with obesity. Children with obesity and abdominal obesity had 3.54 and 2.39 greater odds of having poor circadian health, respectively, than did those with normal weight or low WC. The percentage of rhythmicity, a marker of the robustness of the TAP rhythm, and the amplitude, both components of the GCS, decreased with increasing obesity. Different lifestyle behaviors were involved in the association between circadian health and obesity, particularly protein intake (P = 0.024), physical activity level (P = 0.076) and chronotype (P = 0.029).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The GCS can capture the relationship between circadian health and obesity in school-age children. Protein intake, physical activity level, and chronotype were involved in this association. Early intervention based on improving circadian health may help to prevent childhood obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"787-800"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11402851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141293777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical heterogeneity and five phenotypes identified in pediatric Behçet's syndrome: a cohort study from Shanghai Behçet's syndrome database.","authors":"Dan Hu, Chun-Hui She, Hua-Fang Bao, Jun Zou, Jian-Fei Cai, Jing-Fen Ye, Yan Shen, Hai-Fen Ma, Dan Luo, Jian-Long Guan","doi":"10.1007/s12519-023-00785-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-023-00785-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Behçet's syndrome (BS) is a rare disease of unknown etiology, with limited reports especially in pediatric BS. The clinical characteristics and phenotypes of pediatric BS as a highly heterogeneous variable vessel vasculitis were investigated in this study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted to compare clinical variables and descriptive characteristics of BS by age of onset and gender. Cluster analysis was then performed to identify the phenotypes of pediatric BS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2082 BS patients were included in this study, 1834 adults and 248 children. Compared with adult-onset BS, pediatric BS had a higher incidence of folliculitis [relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3 (1.0-1.5)], uveitis of the left eye [RR and 95% CI 2.3 (1.0-5.0)], intestinal ulcer complications [RR and 95% CI 2.1 (1.1-4.2)], pericarditis [RR and 95% CI 2.5 (1.0-6.2)], and psychiatric disorders [RR and 95% CI 2.8(1.0-7.9)], while the incidence of thrombocytopenia was lower [RR 0.2 (0.1-1.0)]. Among pediatric BS, females had more genital ulcers, while males were more likely to have skin lesions, panuveitis, vascular involvement, venous lesions, cardiac involvement, and aortic aneurysms. Cluster analysis classified pediatric BS into five clusters (C1-C5): C1 (n = 61, 24.6%) showed gastrointestinal (GI) involvement; C2 (n = 44, 17.7%) was the central nervous system (CNS) type where 23 cases overlapped joint involvement; in C3 (n = 35, 14.1%), all patients presented with arthritis or arthralgia; all patients in C4 (n = 29, 11.7%) manifested ocular involvement, with a few patients overlapping with GI involvement or joint damage; C5 (n = 79, 31.9%) was the mucocutaneous type, presenting both oral ulcers, genital ulcers, and skin lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The clinical features of pediatric and adult BS differ significantly. Male and female pediatric BS also have a distinct demography. Five phenotypes including GI, CNS, joint, ocular, and mucocutaneous types were identified for pediatric BS.</p>","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"801-808"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11402839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139693095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiomics and artificial intelligence applications in pediatric brain tumors.","authors":"Francesco Pacchiano, Mario Tortora, Chiara Doneda, Giana Izzo, Filippo Arrigoni, Lorenzo Ugga, Renato Cuocolo, Cecilia Parazzini, Andrea Righini, Arturo Brunetti","doi":"10.1007/s12519-024-00823-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-024-00823-0","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The study of central nervous system (CNS) tumors is particularly relevant in the pediatric population because of their relatively high frequency in this demographic and the significant impact on disease- and treatment-related morbidity and mortality. While both morphological and non-morphological magnetic resonance imaging techniques can give important information concerning tumor characterization, grading, and patient prognosis, increasing evidence in recent years has highlighted the need for personalized treatment and the development of quantitative imaging parameters that can predict the nature of the lesion and its possible evolution. For this purpose, radiomics and the use of artificial intelligence software, aimed at obtaining valuable data from images beyond mere visual observation, are gaining increasing importance. This brief review illustrates the current state of the art of this new imaging approach and its contributions to understanding CNS tumors in children.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data sources: &lt;/strong&gt;We searched the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases using the following key search terms: (\"radiomics\" AND/OR \"artificial intelligence\") AND (\"pediatric AND brain tumors\"). Basic and clinical research literature related to the above key research terms, i.e., studies assessing the key factors, challenges, or problems of using radiomics and artificial intelligence in pediatric brain tumors management, was collected.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 63 articles were included. The included ones were published between 2008 and 2024. Central nervous tumors are crucial in pediatrics due to their high frequency and impact on disease and treatment. MRI serves as the cornerstone of neuroimaging, providing cellular, vascular, and functional information in addition to morphological features for brain malignancies. Radiomics can provide a quantitative approach to medical imaging analysis, aimed at increasing the information obtainable from the pixels/voxel grey-level values and their interrelationships. The \"radiomic workflow\" involves a series of iterative steps for reproducible and consistent extraction of imaging data. These steps include image acquisition for tumor segmentation, feature extraction, and feature selection. Finally, the selected features, via training predictive model (CNN), are used to test the final model.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;In the field of personalized medicine, the application of radiomics and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms brings up new and significant possibilities. Neuroimaging yields enormous amounts of data that are significantly more than what can be gained from visual studies that radiologists can undertake on their own. Thus, new partnerships with other specialized experts, such as big data analysts and AI specialists, are desperately needed. We believe that radiomics and AI algorithms have the potential to move beyond their restricted use in researc","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"747-763"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11402857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141459665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ARHGAP4 variants are associated with X-linked early-onset temporal lobe epilepsy.","authors":"Yuan-Yuan Hu, Wang Song, Zhi-Gang Liu, Xing-Guang Ye, Hong-Wei Zhang, Xin Li, Jun-Xia Luo, Peng-Yu Wang, Jie Wang, Xiao-Fei Lin, Hong-Li Zhu, Wei-Ping Liao, Bin Li, Xu-Qin Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12519-024-00830-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-024-00830-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"859-867"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141767608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}