World Journal of Pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Superior antibody and membrane protein-specific T-cell responses to CoronaVac by intradermal versus intramuscular routes in adolescents.","authors":"Jaime S Rosa Duque, Samuel M S Cheng, Carolyn A Cohen, Daniel Leung, Xiwei Wang, Xiaofeng Mu, Yuet Chung, Tsun Ming Lau, Manni Wang, Wenyue Zhang, Yanmei Zhang, Howard H W Wong, Leo C H Tsang, Sara Chaothai, Tsz Chun Kwan, John K C Li, Karl C K Chan, Leo L H Luk, Jenson C H Ho, Wing Yan Li, Amos M T Lee, Jennifer H Y Lam, Sau Man Chan, Wilfred H S Wong, Issan Y S Tam, Masashi Mori, Sophie A Valkenburg, Malik Peiris, Wenwei Tu, Yu Lung Lau","doi":"10.1007/s12519-023-00764-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-023-00764-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Optimising the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines to improve their protection against disease is necessary. Fractional dosing by intradermal (ID) administration has been shown to be equally immunogenic as intramuscular (IM) administration for several vaccines, but the immunogenicity of ID inactivated whole severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at the full dose is unknown. This study (NCT04800133) investigated the superiority of antibody and T-cell responses of full-dose CoronaVac by ID over IM administration in adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants aged 11-17 years received two doses of IM or ID vaccine, followed by the 3rd dose 13-42 days later. Humoral and cellular immunogenicity outcomes were measured post-dose 2 (IM-CC versus ID-CC) and post-dose 3 (IM-CCC versus ID-CCC). Doses 2 and 3 were administered to 173 and 104 adolescents, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Spike protein (S) immunoglobulin G (IgG), S-receptor-binding domain (RBD) IgG, S IgG Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa)-binding, SNM [sum of individual (S), nucleocapsid protein (N), and membrane protein (M) peptide pool]-specific interleukin-2 (IL-2)⁺CD4⁺, SNM-specific IL-2⁺CD8⁺, S-specific IL-2⁺CD8⁺, N-specific IL-2⁺CD4⁺, N-specific IL-2⁺CD8⁺ and M-specific IL-2⁺CD4⁺ responses fulfilled the superior and non-inferior criteria for ID-CC compared to IM-CC, whereas IgG avidity was inferior. For ID-CCC, S-RBD IgG, surrogate virus neutralisation test, 90% plaque reduction neutralisation titre (PRNT90), PRNT50, S IgG avidity, S IgG FcγRIIIa-binding, M-specific IL-2⁺CD4⁺, interferon-γ⁺CD8⁺ and IL-2⁺CD8⁺ responses were superior and non-inferior to IM-CCC. The estimated vaccine efficacies were 49%, 52%, 66% and 79% for IM-CC, ID-CC, IM-CCC and ID-CCC, respectively. The ID groups reported more local, mild adverse reactions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first study to demonstrate superior antibody and M-specific T-cell responses by ID inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and serves as the basis for future research to improve the immunogenicity of inactivated vaccines.</p>","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"353-370"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11052846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138804565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe pediatric COVID-19: a review from the clinical and immunopathophysiological perspectives.","authors":"Yi-Kan Sun, Can Wang, Pei-Quan Lin, Lei Hu, Jing Ye, Zhi-Gang Gao, Ru Lin, Hao-Min Li, Qiang Shu, Li-Su Huang, Lin-Hua Tan","doi":"10.1007/s12519-023-00790-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-023-00790-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) tends to have mild presentations in children. However, severe and critical cases do arise in the pediatric population with debilitating systemic impacts and can be fatal at times, meriting further attention from clinicians. Meanwhile, the intricate interactions between the pathogen virulence factors and host defense mechanisms are believed to play indispensable roles in severe COVID-19 pathophysiology but remain incompletely understood.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A comprehensive literature review was conducted for pertinent publications by reviewers independently using the PubMed, Embase, and Wanfang databases. Searched keywords included \"COVID-19 in children\", \"severe pediatric COVID-19\", and \"critical illness in children with COVID-19\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Risks of developing severe COVID-19 in children escalate with increasing numbers of co-morbidities and an unvaccinated status. Acute respiratory distress stress and necrotizing pneumonia are prominent pulmonary manifestations, while various forms of cardiovascular and neurological involvement may also be seen. Multiple immunological processes are implicated in the host response to COVID-19 including the type I interferon and inflammasome pathways, whose dysregulation in severe and critical diseases translates into adverse clinical manifestations. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a potentially life-threatening immune-mediated condition chronologically associated with COVID-19 exposure, denotes another scientific and clinical conundrum that exemplifies the complexity of pediatric immunity. Despite the considerable dissimilarities between the pediatric and adult immune systems, clinical trials dedicated to children are lacking and current management recommendations are largely adapted from adult guidelines.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Severe pediatric COVID-19 can affect multiple organ systems. The dysregulated immune pathways in severe COVID-19 shape the disease course, epitomize the vast functional diversity of the pediatric immune system and highlight the immunophenotypical differences between children and adults. Consequently, further research may be warranted to adequately address them in pediatric-specific clinical practice guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"307-324"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11052880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139698405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early diagnosis and management of neonatal sepsis: a perspective.","authors":"Li-Zhong Du","doi":"10.1007/s12519-024-00803-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-024-00803-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"303-306"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140332117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and efficacy of omalizumab for antihistamine-resistant chronic urticaria in children: a case series and literature review.","authors":"Wei-Fang Zhu, Chen Wang, Jian-Jun Qiao, Lan-Juan Li","doi":"10.1007/s12519-023-00760-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-023-00760-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"294-298"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41142332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome after COVID-19 in pediatric patients.","authors":"Ya-Xi Cui, Jun-Bao Du, Hong-Fang Jin","doi":"10.1007/s12519-024-00796-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-024-00796-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"201-207"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139742194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling tuberous sclerosis complex with human induced pluripotent stem cells.","authors":"Weibo Niu, Benjamin Siciliano, Zhexing Wen","doi":"10.1007/s12519-022-00576-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-022-00576-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder with a birth incidence of 1:6000 in the United States that is characterized by the growth of non-cancerous tumors in multiple organ systems including the brain, kidneys, lungs, and skin. Importantly, TSC is also associated with significant neurological manifestations including epilepsy, TSC-associated neuropsychiatric disorders, intellectual disabilities, and autism spectrum disorder. Mutations in the TSC1 or TSC2 genes are well-established causes of TSC, which lead to TSC1/TSC2 deficiency in organs and hyper-activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway. Animal models have been widely used to study the effect of TSC1/2 genes on the development and function of the brain. Despite considerable progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying TSC in animal models, a human-specific model is urgently needed to investigate the effects of TSC1/2 mutations that are unique to human neurodevelopment.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>Literature reviews and research articles were published in PubMed-indexed journals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which capture risk alleles that are identical to their donors and have the capacity to differentiate into virtually any cell type in the human body, pave the way for the empirical study of previously inaccessible biological systems such as the developing human brain.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this review, we present an overview of the recent progress in modeling TSC with human iPSC models, the existing limitations, and potential directions for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"208-218"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9777951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in children: experts' consensus statement updated for the Omicron variant.","authors":"Rong-Meng Jiang, Zheng-De Xie, Yi Jiang, Xiao-Xia Lu, Run-Ming Jin, Yue-Jie Zheng, Yun-Xiao Shang, Bao-Ping Xu, Zhi-Sheng Liu, Gen Lu, Ji-Kui Deng, Guang-Hua Liu, Xiao-Chuan Wang, Jian-She Wang, Lu-Zhao Feng, Wei Liu, Yi Zheng, Sai-Nan Shu, Min Lu, Wan-Jun Luo, Miao Liu, Yu-Xia Cui, Le-Ping Ye, A-Dong Shen, Gang Liu, Li-Wei Gao, Li-Juan Xiong, Yan Bai, Li-Kai Lin, Zhuang Wei, Feng-Xia Xue, Tian-You Wang, Dong-Chi Zhao, Jian-Bo Shao, Daniel Kwok-Keung Ng, Gary Wing-Kin Wong, Zheng-Yan Zhao, Xing-Wang Li, Yong-Hong Yang, Kun-Ling Shen","doi":"10.1007/s12519-023-00745-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-023-00745-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"272-286"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10525032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a nomogram to predict allograft survival after pediatric liver transplantation.","authors":"Guang-Xiang Gu, Shu-Ting Pan, Yi-Chen Fan, Chen Chen, Qiang Xia","doi":"10.1007/s12519-023-00766-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-023-00766-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Liver transplantation is the main treatment for cholestatic liver disease and some metabolic liver diseases in children. However, no accurate prediction model to determine the survival probability of grafts prior to surgery exists. This study aimed to develop an effective prognostic model for allograft survival after pediatric liver transplantation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 2032 patients who underwent pediatric liver transplantation between January 1, 2006, and January 1, 2020. A nomogram was developed using Cox regression and validated based on bootstrap sampling. Predictive and discriminatory accuracies were determined using the concordance index and visualized using calibration curves; net benefits were calculated for model comparison. An online Shiny application was developed for easy access to the model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multivariable analysis demonstrated that preoperative diagnosis, recipient age, body weight, graft type, preoperative total bilirubin, interleukin-1β, portal venous blood flow direction, spleen thickness, and the presence of heart disease and cholangitis were independent factors for survival, all of which were selected in the nomogram. Calibration of the nomogram indicated that the 1-, 3-, and 5-year predicted survival rates agreed with the actual survival rate. The concordance indices for graft survival at 1, 3, and 5 years were 0.776, 0.757, and 0.753, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the Pediatric End-Stage Liver Disease and Child-Pugh scoring systems. The allograft dysfunction risk of a recipient could be easily predicted using the following URL: https://aspelt.shinyapps.io/ASPELT/ / CONCLUSION: The allograft survival after pediatric liver transplantation (ASPELT) score model can effectively predict the graft survival rate after liver transplantation in children, providing a simple and convenient evaluation method for clinicians and patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"239-249"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10957674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49692695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesenchymal stem cell-based TRAIL delivery inhibits the metastatic state of clinical therapy-resistant progressive neuroblastoma.","authors":"Dinesh Babu Somasundaram, Andrew Maher, Sheeja Aravindan, Zhongxin Yu, Brian M Besch, Natarajan Aravindan","doi":"10.1007/s12519-023-00769-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-023-00769-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"287-293"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138499572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tribute to reviewers (January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023).","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s12519-024-00795-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-024-00795-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"299-301"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139984010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}