{"title":"Eyelid Detection in Localized Iris Images","authors":"A. Basit, M. Javed, M. A. Anjum","doi":"10.1109/ICET.2006.335903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2006.335903","url":null,"abstract":"Localization of human eye (iris) in a non invasive fashion with accuracy has great significance. Iris localization is the back bone of iris recognition systems. In this paper a novel method to localize the eyelid is presented. Iris is localized by applying the texture analysis approach. To find the upper eyelid, a rectangular average filter (size two by five) is applied to the segment above iris center and between left and right boundaries of iris. It is followed by sobel horizontal filter. Points of pupil and iris boundaries are removed and a parabola which best fit among the remaining points. This parabola is the required upper eyelid. Lower eyelid is obtained using the same method. Experimental results show that proposed method is very effective","PeriodicalId":238541,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Conference on Emerging Technologies","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127180651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PC-Based Measurement of Signal Distorting Disturbances On Low Voltage Power Line","authors":"S. Khan, A. Arshad, M. Islam","doi":"10.1109/ICET.2006.336016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2006.336016","url":null,"abstract":"Our contemporary civilization is heavily dependent on the constant and reliable availability of electrical energy, which is supplied through an interconnected power system. The quality of this power supply is becoming more important today due to increasing sensitivity of the equipment and devices used by the customers. This paper describes the development of a system to monitor the power supply and also to record the data of the power system if there is any irregularity or disturbances on the power line. The measurement of the low voltage power line was achieved through the implementation of microcontroller device as the data acquisition unit and virtual instrument using the graphic programming software Lab VIEW from National Instrument. This paper also presents the results of the system in real time display and recorded data, with different types of disturbances on power line","PeriodicalId":238541,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Conference on Emerging Technologies","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117169210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Q. Saeed, T. Basir, S. Ul Haq, N. Zia, M. A. Paracha
{"title":"Mathematical Hard Problems in Modern Public-Key Cryptosystem","authors":"Q. Saeed, T. Basir, S. Ul Haq, N. Zia, M. A. Paracha","doi":"10.1109/ICET.2006.335986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2006.335986","url":null,"abstract":"In secure network communication public-key algorithms are designed to resist chosen-plaintext attacks; their security is based both on the difficulty of deducing the secret key from the public key and difficulty of deducing the plaintext from the ciphertext. In this paper the two general types of hard problems - number factoring and discrete logarithms are explained. These apply to cryptosystems such as RSA, ElGamal, elliptic curve, Diffie-Hellman key exchange, and they are used in digital signature algorithms","PeriodicalId":238541,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Conference on Emerging Technologies","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114266830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Grid Performance Prediction: Requirements, Framework, and Models","authors":"F. Nadeem, M. Yousaf, M. Ali","doi":"10.1109/ICET.2006.335937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2006.335937","url":null,"abstract":"Grid performance prediction (GPP) is critical for grid middleware component services and grid (middleware) users to make optimized grid resource usage decisions to meet QoS requirements committed in SLAs. Other sophisticated concepts in grid like multi-criteria scheduling, grid capacity planning, and grid advance reservation are also dependant on GPP. GPP spreads over all levels of grid resources in multiple dimensions. We explore it at different coarse grain levels to discover the most wanted grid performance prediction needs of different human and service clients of grid and/or grid services, and present a comprehensive grid performance prediction framework to support at fine grain levels. We also provide a broad architecture of ALP (application level prediction) and NLP (network level prediction) for our grid middleware","PeriodicalId":238541,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Conference on Emerging Technologies","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131246701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance Comparison of Iterative Multiuser Detection Techniques In Interference Limited Cellular Networks","authors":"S. Khattak, G. Fettweis, A.U. Khan","doi":"10.1109/ICET.2006.336011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2006.336011","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the iterative multiuser detection for in an uplink-OFDM system employing parallel concatenated convolution codes (pccc) with gray mapping. Joint multi-user detection is made possible through cooperation between different access point and joint detection at a single central point. Since higher order modulation is being used, to reduce complexity, the number of incoming data streams are decoupled through a linear prefilter. This is followed by either simple bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) or a BICM with turbo detection. The decision feedback among different users can follow subsequently at the end of each stage either sequentially (SIC) or in parallel (PIC). The resulting frame error rate curves are plotted as a function of average SNR and compared against the performance of genie PIC. It is shown that the estimates obtained through V-BLAST with turbo iterations are more reliable resulting in considerable performance gains over PIC based techniques. The performance of the most promising receiver is also investigated for different positions of the user equipment in different cells, and results in a considerable improvement in performance at the cell edge","PeriodicalId":238541,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Conference on Emerging Technologies","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129385797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Neuro-Fuzzy Based Software Reusability Evaluation System with Optimized Rule Selection","authors":"P. Sandhu, H. Singh","doi":"10.1109/ICET.2006.335985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2006.335985","url":null,"abstract":"There are metrics for identifying the quality of reusable components but the function that makes use of these metrics to find reusability of software components is still not clear. We critically analyzed the CK metrics, tried to remove the inconsistencies and devised neuro-fuzzy framework that gets input in form of tuned WMC, DIT, NOC, CBO, LCOM values of a software component and output can be obtained in terms of reusability. This paper also shows how a small number of fuzzy rules can be selected for designing initial fuzzy rule-base for neuro-fuzzy systems. It consists of two phases: generation of candidate rules by IDS decision tree algorithm and rule pruning by evaluation of rules with help of two rule evaluation criteria. The developed reusability evaluation system has produced high precision results. Hence, the developed system can be used for identification and extraction of OO based reusable components from legacy systems and evaluation of developed or developing reusable components","PeriodicalId":238541,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Conference on Emerging Technologies","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124510712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reconfiguration of feeders using static transfer switch","authors":"T. Mahmood, M. Choudhry","doi":"10.1109/ICET.2006.336023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2006.336023","url":null,"abstract":"Electricity customers often suffer from supply voltage interruptions/sags due to different types of faults. An effective way to improve power quality and reliability of sensitive customers is to use static transfer switch (STS). Most power quality problems are removed by transferring customers to alternate feeder using STS. In this paper, performance of STS and its control logic for feeder reconfiguration to handle power problems is evaluated. Two particular network feeders namely primary and secondary were selected for simulation studies. Both feeders belong to IESCO system (Islamabad Electric Supply Company, Pakistan). Different simulation cases were performed for optimum installation of STS to obtain the required voltage quality and the point of interest (PoI) was investigated. Different simulations are performed using the PSCAD/EMTDC package, to improve the voltage quality","PeriodicalId":238541,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Conference on Emerging Technologies","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132017959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optoelectric Characteristics of Porous Silicon Using a Conducting Polymer","authors":"S. Shaukat, S. Khan, R. Farooq","doi":"10.1109/ICET.2006.335995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2006.335995","url":null,"abstract":"The simple porous silicon-based devices producing stable electroluminescence (EL) by the deposition of a poly-4-dicyanomethylene-4H-cyclopenta dithiophene monolayer (PCDM) into the nanostructure is reported. The structure of these devices is Au/PCDM/porous silicon/Si/Al. The EL emission is bright, visible by the naked eye under normal daylight and broad in wavelength covering the whole visible range with a peak at 620 nm. The emission area of the devices is 1 cm2 . The EL starting voltage is in the range of 14-30 V and the current is around 300 mA. The time stability is good for all the devices tested. After exposure to the air for more than three months, the devices show nearly the same emission intensity without increase of external power supplied. The I-V curves are fitted to a Schottky barrier model with a barrier height of 0.8 eV. The orange photoluminescence band from the porous silicon is due to recombination in the silicon quantum structures both before and after coating with PCDM","PeriodicalId":238541,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Conference on Emerging Technologies","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124698594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hyperspectral Colon Tissue Classification using Morphological Analysis","authors":"K. Masood, N. Rajpoot, K. Rajpoot, H. Qureshi","doi":"10.1109/ICET.2006.335947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2006.335947","url":null,"abstract":"Diagnosis and cure of colon cancer can be improved by efficiently classifying the colon tissue cells into normal and malignant classes. This paper presents the classification of hyperspectral colon tissue cells using morphological analysis of gland nuclei cells. The application of hyperspectral imaging technique in medical image analysis is a new domain for researchers. The main advantage in using hyperspectral imaging is the increased spectral resolution and detailed subpixel information. Biopsy slides with several microdots, where each microdot is from a distinct patient, are illuminated with a tuned light source and magnification is performed up to 400times. The proposed classification algorithm combines the hyperspectral imaging technique with linear discriminant analysis. Dimensionality reduction and cellular segmentation is achieved by independent component analysis (ICA) and k-means clustering. Morphological features, which describe the shape, orientation and other geometrical attributes, are next to be extracted. For classification, LDA is employed to discriminate tissue cells into normal and malignant classes. Implementation of LDA is simpler than other approaches; it saves the computational cost, while maintaining the performance. The algorithm is tested on a number of samples and its applicability is demonstrated with the help of measures such as classification accuracy rate and the area under the convex hull of ROC curves","PeriodicalId":238541,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Conference on Emerging Technologies","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126968458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using the NS-2 Network Simulator for Evaluating Network on Chips (NoC)","authors":"M. Ali, M. Welzl, A. Adnan, F. Nadeem","doi":"10.1109/ICET.2006.335967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2006.335967","url":null,"abstract":"Networks on chips (NoCs) have been introduced as a remedy for the growing problems of current interconnects in VLSI chips. Being a relatively new domain in research, simulation tools for NoCs are scarce. To fill the gap, we use network simulator NS-2 for simulating NoCs, especially at high level chip design. The huge library of network elements along with its flexibility to accommodate customized designs, NS-2 becomes a viable choice for NoCs. We have used NS-2 to simulate our prototype of a fault tolerant protocol for NoCs","PeriodicalId":238541,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Conference on Emerging Technologies","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115438783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}