World Journal of Cardiology最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of ChatGPT and DeepSeek large language models in the diagnosis of pericarditis.","authors":"Aman Goyal, Samia Aziz Sulaiman, Abdallah Alaarag, Waseem Hoshan, Priya Goyal, Viraj Shah, Mohamed Daoud, Gauranga Mahalwar, Abu Baker Sheikh","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i8.110489","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i8.110489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The integration of sophisticated large language models (LLMs) into healthcare has recently garnered significant attention due to their ability to leverage deep learning techniques to process vast datasets and generate contextually accurate, human-like responses. These models have been previously applied in medical diagnostics, such as in the evaluation of oral lesions. Given the high rate of missed diagnoses in pericarditis, LLMs may support clinicians in generating differential diagnoses-particularly in atypical cases where risk stratification and early identification are critical to preventing serious complications such as constrictive pericarditis and pericardial tamponade.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the accuracy of LLMs in assisting the diagnosis of pericarditis as risk stratification tools.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A PubMed search was conducted using the keyword \"pericarditis\", applying filters for \"case reports\". Data from relevant cases were extracted. Inclusion criteria consisted of English-language reports involving patients aged 18 years or older with a confirmed diagnosis of acute pericarditis. The diagnostic capabilities of ChatGPT o1 and DeepThink-R1 were assessed by evaluating whether pericarditis was included in the top three differential diagnoses and as the sole provisional diagnosis. Each case was classified as either \"yes\" or \"no\" for inclusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From the initial search, 220 studies were identified, of which 16 case reports met the inclusion criteria. In assessing risk stratification for acute pericarditis, ChatGPT o1 correctly identified the condition in 10 of 16 cases (62.5%) in the differential diagnosis and in 8 of 16 cases (50.0%) as the provisional diagnosis. DeepThink-R1 identified it in 8 of 16 cases (50.0%) and 6 of 16 cases (37.5%), respectively. ChatGPT o1 demonstrated higher accuracy than DeepThink-R1 in identifying pericarditis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Further research with larger sample sizes and optimized prompt engineering is warranted to improve diagnostic accuracy, particularly in atypical presentations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 8","pages":"110489"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12426987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of incretin co-agonists: Transformative advances in cardiometabolic healthcare.","authors":"Sowrabha Bhat, Cornelius J Fernandez, Vijaya Lakshmi, Joseph M Pappachan","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i8.107991","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i8.107991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ground-breaking development of the incretin agonists by manipulation of the incretin system, including the gut hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), as well as the pancreatic hormone glucagon, has led to the emergence of promising pharmacotherapy for metabolic health. The GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), namely liraglutide, dulaglutide, albiglutide, exenatide, and semaglutide, have been found to have beneficial effects on glycated hemoglobin, weight, lipid profile, and liver fat and thereby improving cardiometabolic health. Other drugs of the same group in development include Orforglipron, which has a high weight loss efficacy (-15% weight reduction). Long-acting GLP-1RAs in trials are Ecnoglutide, Efpeglenatide, TG103, and Visepegenatide. Many of these have cardiovascular benefits in terms of reduction in MACE (Non-fatal MI, Non-fatal stroke, and mortality). Tirzepatide is a dual GIP/GLP-1RA, the first drug of the group to be approved for diabetes and obesity with remarkably lower gastrointestinal side effects compared to GLP-1 monoagonists. The dual GLP-1/glucagon co-agonists cause tremendous weight loss due to the synergistic action. Most drugs in this class are long-acting and developed for once-weekly administration. The revolutionary triple agonists at the GLP-1, GIP, and Glucagon receptors have demonstrated the highest achievable weight loss with pharmacotherapy. Retatrutide and Efocipegtrutide belong to this novel group of drugs. The newer drugs in the broad category of incretin co-agonists include the GLP-1/amylin receptor agonist like CagriSema and Amycretin, oral GLP-1 agonists other than semaglutide, and the peptide YY/GLP-1 receptor dual agonists. The profound biochemical and weight loss outcomes associated with incretin co-/poly-agonists are expected to translate into outstanding cardiometabolic benefits, the theme of this evidence review.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 8","pages":"107991"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12426997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lepodisiran: From genetic targeting to cardiovascular promise: A detailed narrative review of the literature.","authors":"Affan Faisal, Abdul Basit, Abdullah Iftikhar, Muneeb Saifullah, M Khalil Ur Rehmaan, Abdul M Basil","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i8.109657","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i8.109657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Elevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a major independent risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), with limited response to traditional lipid-lowering therapies. Lepodisiran, a novel N-acetylgalactosamine-conjugated small interfering RNA, targets hepatic <i>LPA</i> message RNA to reduce apolipoprotein(a) production. Early-phase trials demonstrated > 90% sustained Lp(a) reduction with excellent safety and tolerability. The phase 2 ALPACA trial confirmed durable effects lasting up to one year after biannual dosing. Compared to other therapies, lepodisiran offers longer duration, high efficacy, and minimal side effects. Ongoing phase 3 studies aim to determine its impact on cardiovascular outcomes, potentially establishing a new standard in precise ASCVD risk management.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 8","pages":"109657"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12426975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is metabolically healthy obesity shaped by inflammation, gender differences, and fat distribution?","authors":"Davide Ramoni, Luca Liberale, Federico Carbone, Fabrizio Montecucco","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i8.108749","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i8.108749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The obesity epidemic continues to challenge global cardiovascular (CV) health, but not all obesity is equal. Emerging evidence underscores that distinct obesity phenotypes-particularly metabolically healthy <i>vs</i> unhealthy profiles-confer differential CV risks. Recent large-scale studies have revealed that even metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) is associated with an increased risk of adverse CV events, particularly in the context of socioeconomic disadvantage. Central is the role of chronic low-grade inflammation, termed \"metaflammation\", which can persist even in the absence of overt metabolic syndrome and is shaped by both gender and fat distribution. Epicardial and visceral adiposity contribute to this pro-inflammatory state and are strongly associated with conditions such as heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Notably, aging and hormonal changes, particularly in women, may destabilize MHO status, increasing CV vulnerability over time. This overview calls for a paradigm shift in cardiometabolic care, moving beyond anthropometric parameters toward a more refined assessment that incorporate inflammatory biomarkers, fat distribution and sex-specific factors. Recognizing these underlying biological and phenotypic differences enables more accurate CV risk stratification and supports the development of precision-based therapeutic strategies. Ultimately, understanding not just who is at risk, but why, is essential to improving prevention and outcomes across diverse populations facing the burden of obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 8","pages":"108749"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12426980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematological parameters in atrial fibrillation: A literature review.","authors":"Saira Rafaqat, Ali Hassan, Ahmad Usman, Iman Hussain, Aneeza Waris Hussain Rathore, Muhammad Faheem Tariq, Hooria Naseem, Sara Khan, Masooma Zaidi","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i7.108363","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i7.108363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a frequent cardiac arrhythmia in the general population, which is associated with an increased risk of several health issues. It has been demonstrated that hematological variables predict the occurrence and recurrence of AF. This review article specifically only focuses on haemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet count, white blood cells (WBCs), lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and red blood cells in the pathophysiology of AF. It emphasizes that there is a higher risk of new-onset AF linked with both low and high haemoglobin levels. A quantitative investigation showed that hematocrit is not linked to the development of AF. The predictive significance of platelet count was reported in nonvalvular AF patients. WBCs are consistent inflammatory markers that are associated with postoperative new-onset AF. Inflammation and in particular, leukocyte activation predisposes to AF. Enhanced migratory activity in circulating and local monocytes may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of progression in atrial remodeling in AF patients. In particular, the peripheral eosinophil and left atrial diameter may be important in mediating inflammation and atrial remodeling in AF. In nonvalvular AF patients, PLR may be an independent risk factor for left atrial appendage thrombogenic milieu. NLR and MLR changes are associated with early recurrence of AF, and NLR change is related to late recurrence of AF after pulmonary vein isolation. Red blood cell distribution width and left atrial dimension were the only independent risk factors associated with AF.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 7","pages":"108363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12304830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence-assisted compressed sensing CINE enhances the workflow of cardiac magnetic resonance in challenging patients.","authors":"Huaijun Wang, Anne Schmieder, Mary Watkins, Pengjun Wang, Joshua Mitchell, S Zyad Qamer, Gregory Lanza","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i7.108745","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i7.108745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A key cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) challenge is breath-holding duration, difficult for cardiac patients.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate whether artificial intelligence-assisted compressed sensing CINE (AI-CS-CINE) reduces image acquisition time of CMR compared to conventional CINE (C-CINE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cardio-oncology patients (<i>n</i> = 60) and healthy volunteers (<i>n</i> = 29) underwent sequential C-CINE and AI-CS-CINE with a 1.5-T scanner. Acquisition time, visual image quality assessment, and biventricular metrics (end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, stroke volume, ejection fraction, left ventricular mass, and wall thickness) were analyzed and compared between C-CINE and AI-CS-CINE with Bland-Altman analysis, and calculation of intraclass coefficient (ICC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 89 participants (58.5 ± 16.8 years, 42 males, 47 females), total AI-CS-CINE acquisition and reconstruction time (37 seconds) was 84% faster than C-CINE (238 seconds). C-CINE required repeats in 23% (20/89) of cases (approximately 8 minutes lost), while AI-CS-CINE only needed one repeat (1%; 2 seconds lost). AI-CS-CINE had slightly lower contrast but preserved structural clarity. Bland-Altman plots and ICC (0.73 ≤ <i>r</i> ≤ 0.98) showed strong agreement for left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) metrics, including those in the cardiac amyloidosis subgroup (<i>n</i> = 31). AI-CS-CINE enabled faster, easier imaging in patients with claustrophobia, dyspnea, arrhythmias, or restlessness. Motion-artifacted C-CINE images were reliably interpreted from AI-CS-CINE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AI-CS-CINE accelerated CMR image acquisition and reconstruction, preserved anatomical detail, and diminished impact of patient-related motion. Quantitative AI-CS-CINE metrics agreed closely with C-CINE in cardio-oncology patients, including the cardiac amyloidosis cohort, as well as healthy volunteers regardless of left and right ventricular size and function. AI-CS-CINE significantly enhanced CMR workflow, particularly in challenging cases. The strong analytical concordance underscores reliability and robustness of AI-CS-CINE as a valuable tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 7","pages":"108745"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12304818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing cardiac arrhythmia management: The integration of wearable technology and remote monitoring.","authors":"Syed Faqeer Hussain Bokhari, Ali Bin Waseem, Hassan Raza, Asma Iqbal, Saad Javaid, Beya Idrees, Khawaja Allah Ditta Saad, Danyal Bakht, Wahidullah Dost","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i7.106841","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i7.106841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The integration of wearable technology and remote monitoring (RM) has significantly transformed the early detection, continuous monitoring, and management of cardiac arrhythmias. These conditions, characterized by irregular heart rhythms, arise from various etiological factors, including congenital, structural, immunological, metabolic, and infectious diseases, with atrial fibrillation being the most prevalent type. Diagnosing arrhythmias remains challenging due to variable clinical presentations and episodic symptom manifestations, necessitating individualized management strategies. Recent advances in wearable technology offer scalable, cost-effective solutions for real-time arrhythmia monitoring. These devices are equipped with sophisticated sensors and data analytics that enable early detection and personalized interventions, while empowering patients to actively engage in their healthcare. Integrating RM systems enhances diagnostic accuracy and facilitates timely medical interventions. Despite their potential, regulatory, legal, privacy, security, and infrastructural challenges hinder the widespread adoption of wearable technology and RM. Addressing these barriers requires collaboration among stakeholders and rigorous clinical trials to assess their efficacy and feasibility. Future research should focus on refining wearable technology, improving user experience, and integrating these innovations into existing healthcare frameworks. Overcoming these challenges will maximize the potential of wearable technology and RM, ultimately enhancing the management of cardiac arrhythmias and improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 7","pages":"106841"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12304873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking barriers: Neprilysin inhibition in chronic cardiorenal syndrome.","authors":"Olesya Ilkun, Amir Kazory","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i7.107539","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i7.107539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the last decade, neprilysin inhibition has been established as the cornerstone of therapy in heart failure (HF). Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) have a high prevalence of HF; the concomitant presence of HF and CKD or ESKD, conventionally termed chronic cardiorenal syndrome, is associated with a higher rate of adverse outcomes, including increased hospitalizations and mortality. The use of this novel class of medications in patients with advanced CKD or ESKD has been limited due to uncertainty about their efficacy and safety. Herein, we provide an overview of the available evidence on the use of neprilysin inhibition in HF and discuss how those concepts would apply to patients with concomitant CKD or ESKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 7","pages":"107539"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12304811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel approach to pulmonary vein isolation ablation <i>via</i> right internal jugular access: A case report.","authors":"John R Lester, Ali Abolhassani, Himax Patel, Haitham Hreibe","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i7.108901","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i7.108901","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia worldwide, hosting numerous serious possible complications such as stroke and heart failure. In the past two decades, managing rhythm control was more successful <i>via</i> pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) ablation, generally performed <i>via</i> transfemoral access. Patients with anatomical variations may necessitate a dose of creativity and evidence-based techniques. To our knowledge, we present the first PVI case in a patient with AF <i>via</i> right internal jugular (IJ) vein access using pulse field ablation.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 76-year-old male with an extensive medical history notable for type 2 diabetes and severe peripheral vascular disease requiring vascular bypass surgery is identified to have paroxysmal AF. Given functional decline and worsening arrhythmia burden refractory to oral antiarrhythmics, an initial PVI ablation was attempted but failed as the catheter could not be advanced secondary to bilateral iliac vein occlusions. This necessitated a novel approach and a subsequent PVI ablation <i>via</i> the right IJ vein was successful without any complications. The success of this case highlights the feasibility of an IJ approach for PVI in patients where traditional access is not possible. This case can be used as a reference for other practitioners who may face similar challenges when attempting to perform PVI for AF or similar procedures requiring access to similar anatomical locations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The success of this case highlights the feasibility of an IJ approach for PVI when traditional access is impossible.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 7","pages":"108901"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12304859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors and predictive model for mortality in acute myocardial infarction with ventricular septal rupture at high altitudes.","authors":"Li-Hong Zhang, Zhi-Fu Cen, Qian Qiao, Xue-Rui Ye, Lu Cheng, Gui-Qin Liu, Yi Liu, Xing-Qiang Zhang, Xian-Feng Pan, Hao-Ling Zhang, Jing-Jing Zhang","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i7.109044","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i7.109044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) combined with ventricular septal perforation (VSR) is still a highly fatal condition in the era of reperfusion therapy. The incidence rate has decreased to 0.2%-0.4% due to the popularization of percutaneous coronary intervention. However, the risk is significantly increased for those who fail to undergo revascularization in time, and the mortality rate remains high. The current core contradiction in clinical practice lies in the selection of surgical timing, and the disparity in medical resources significantly affects prognosis. There is an urgent need to optimize the identification of high-risk populations and individualized treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the clinical features, determine the prognostic factors, and develop a predictive model for 30-day mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by ventricular septal rupture (AMI-VSR) residing in high-altitude regions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study retrospectively analyzed 48 AMI-VSR patients admitted to a Yunnan hospital from 2017 to 2024, with the establishment of survival (<i>n</i> = 30) and mortality (<i>n</i> = 18) groups based on patients' survival status. Risk factors were identified by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. A nomogram model was developed using R software and validated <i>via</i> receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and calibration curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Age, uric acid (UA), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and low hemoglobin (Hb) were independent risk factors for 30-day mortality (odds ratios: 1.147, 1.006, 1.034, and 0.941, respectively; <i>P</i> < 0.05). The nomogram demonstrated excellent discrimination (area under the ROC curve = 0.939) and calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow <i>χ</i>² = 2.268, <i>P</i> = 0.971). In addition, patients' poor outcomes could be synergistically predicted by IL-6 and UA, advanced age, and reduced Hb.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights age, UA, IL-6, and Hb as critical predictors of mortality in AMI-VSR patients at high altitudes. The validated nomogram provides a practical tool for early risk stratification and tailored interventions, addressing gaps in managing this high-risk population in resource-limited settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 7","pages":"109044"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12304822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}